pasta-stufed-msg – 6/26/06
Period stuffed pasta dishes. Raviolis, Manicotti, Cannoli.
NOTE: See also the files: fd-Italy-msg, pasta-msg, flour-msg, dumplings-msg, cheese-msg, cheesemaking-msg.
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From: Andrew Tye <atye at efn.org>
Newsgroups: rec.org.sca
Subject: Re: Pasta in 16th Century
Date: Mon, 15 Sep 1997 16:23:24 -0700
Organization: Oregon Public Networking
I'm getting in to this topic a little late, but a while back I was trying
to document spaetzle to the 15th C. In the course of doing so I came
across a recipe for ravioli from _Das Kochbuch der Sabina Welserin_,
Augsburg, 1553. Here it is in my translation:
#31. Rabiolin zu machen - (To make ravioli)
Take spinach and scald it as if you were making cooked spinach and chop it
fine. Take approximately a handfull after it is chopped, and cheese or
roast chicken or capon that has been boiled or roasted. Then take twice
as much cheese as spinach and meat the same amount, and beat 2 or 3 eggs
thereinto and make a fine dough. Put salt and pepper thereinto and make a
dough with wheat flour as if you were going to make a cake. When you have
rolled it out, then put a little lump of filling at the edge of the dough
and form it into a dumpling. And squeeze it together around the edges and
place it in a meat broth and leave it there approximately as long as it
takes to soft boil an egg. The meat should be chopped fine and the cheese
finely grated.
I hope this is of some interest.
Ivar Hakonarson
Adiantum, An Tir.
Date: Fri, 13 Mar 1998 12:26:47 -0500 (EST)
From: Gretchen M Beck <grm+ at andrew.cmu.edu>
Subject: Re: SC - Raviolis, tortellini and fritters
Excerpts from internet.listserv.sca-cooks: 13-Mar-98 SC - Raviolis,
tortellini a.. by Christi Redeker at digital.
> The original recipe has a title of ravioli or tortellini, but in my
> limited knowledge of Italian (derived from being able to read and dechiper a
> little bit of Spanish) I don't see anywhere in the original for wrapping in
> pasta. In the author's notes, she says that ravioli, tortelini and fritters
> were used interchangeably until the custom of wrapping a filling in pasta
> became wide spread and known as ravioli and tortelini.
There is a recipe in the British Libraryh: Additional 32085, an
Anglo-Norman collection dating to the late 13th century. It is a recipe
for ravioli -- and (apparently) of the wrapped pasta sort. My source
is Constance Hieatt and Robin Jones' article, Two Anglo-Norman Culinary
Collections Edited from the British Library Manuscripts Additional 32085
and Royal 12.C.xii, published in Speculum 61/4, 1986. Here's the
transcription and the translation:
8. Ravieles. E une autre manere de viaunde, ke ad a noun ravieles.
Pernez bel flur e sucre, e festes un past; e pernez bon formage e bure,
e braez ensemble; e puys pernez p'ersil e sauge e eschalouns, e mincez
les menu, e jettez les dedenz la fassure, e puys pernez formage mye/ e
metez desus e desuz; e puys metez au furn.
8. Ravioli. Here is another kind of dish, which is called ravioli.
Take fine flour and sugar and make pasta dough; take good cheese and
butter and cream them together, then take parsley, sage, and shallots,
chop them finely, and put them in the filling (i.e. the cheese and
butter); put the boiled ravioli on a bed of grated cheese and cover them
with more grated cheese, and then reheat them (?)
toodles, margaret
Date: Tue, 24 Mar 1998 18:19:55 -0800
From: david friedman <ddfr at best.com>
Subject: Re: SC - Raviolis, tortellini and fritters
At 9:38 AM -0500 3/13/98, Christi Redeker wrote:
>Upon reading The Original Mediterranean Cuisine last night and redacting the
>Ham Fritters recipe I came across something that struck me as strange. (My
>Mistress is trying to get me to question anything and ask questions, so here
>I go!) The original recipe has a title of ravioli or tortellini, but in my
>limited knowledge of Italian (derived from being able to read and dechiper a
>little bit of Spanish) I don't see anywhere in the original for wrapping in
>pasta. In the author's notes, she says that ravioli, tortelini and fritters
>were used interchangeably until the custom of wrapping a filling in pasta
>became wide spread and known as ravioli and tortelini. Could this be a
>mistake in the translation. Could it have been assumed that you would put
>this in pasta? It is a fried dish, and pasta isn't often fried before being
>boiled.
I can't answer for Italian. In England, ravieles (in this or another
spelling) turn up in the late 13th-c. Anglo-Norman (which someone has
already quoted) and Form of Cury (14th c.) meaning boiled cheese ravioli;
the latter recipe says to make your filling, make your dough, and "close
hem therin as turteletes". Tartlettes out of the same cookbook are boiled
ravioli with a pork, eggs, currents, and spices filling. There are also
"Tourteletes in Fryture", which are fig filling closed in dough and fried.
The word tartlettes also gets used to mean small tarts. You also find
14th/15th recipes for things similar to tarts--chewettes or risshews,
filling enclosed in dough--either baked or fried. It looks rather as if
once you have enclosed something in dough, baked, boiled, and fried
versions may be thought of as different version of the same basic idea
rather than completely separate things.
Fritters seems always to mean something fried--apples dipped in batter,
some filling wrapped in dough, a mush of cheese and eggs...
Hieatt and Butler say in their notes in _Curye on Inglysch_ that there are
recipes for "ravioli" in _Il Libro della Cucina_ which are not modern
ravioli but instead fritters of various sorts; this may be where your
recipe originally comes from.
Elizabeth
Date: Fri, 19 Jun 1998 21:31:25 -0500
From: allilyn at juno.com (LYN M PARKINSON)
Subject: SC - Re: frozen ravioli/maultaschen
Anne Marie,
>>--ravioles are perfect! you can even make them ahad of time and freeze
them. Put them in the boiling broth on site, and voila!<<
This may take some care. The worst feast disaster I've ever had involved
some maultaschen--that's German for a ravioli like thing--meat filling in
dough. The people who were helping me wrapped the raw maultaschen in
waxed paper and then froze them. The ice crystals made the dough soft,
sticky and totally yucky when they thawed, everything stuck to the waxed
paper, and we had to throw out well over half of the resultant mess.
I've played with them at home, and if I cook them *before* I freeze them,
and freeze them on cookie trays, then dump them into freezer bags, they
freeze well. Open up the freezer bags, let thaw on cookie trays or oiled
foil covered cardboard from boxes--insta-trays!-and then slip back into
the simmering broth. The first cooking I did in plain water. Of course,
they're best prepared fresh and cooked in the meat broth, but sometimes
that's impractical. It was the first time I hadn't done them fresh. How
do you prepare your ravioli when you freeze it?
Allison
Date: Sun, 21 Jun 1998 01:21:50 -0700
From: "Anne-Marie Rousseau" <acrouss at gte.net>
Subject: Re: SC - Re: frozen ravioli/maultaschen
Hi all from Anne-Marie
Allison asks about our ravioles and how we did them.
I believe much would depend on the dough you use, as well as the method of
freezing (as you noted).
We used fresh pasta sheets (containing flour, water, egg and salt). Placed
dollops of filling (cheese and herb, as per Barbara Santiches new book on
The Original Mediterranean Cuisine), seal with a fork. The pasta was fairly
well floured, so when we threw them in the ziplock bag and then into the
freezer, they didnÕt stick to each other at all. The air was evacuated
(using a straw or a good puckerer) before freezing. They were frozen for
several weeks before use, and thawed in the bag with no problems. Ice
crystal formation can be avoided by limiting the water in the bag, (wax
paper wouldnÕt do this), and by being sure that the raviolies are totally
dry. If you use water to seal them and then donÕt let them dry??
thanks for the warning though, I'd hate to blaze in all confident and then
have it flop.
- --AM
Date: Sat, 20 Jun 1998 11:10:25 -0500
From: Philip & Susan Troy <troy at asan.com>
Subject: Re: SC - Re: frozen ravioli/maultaschen
Anne-Marie Rousseau wrote:
> I believe much would depend on the dough you use, as well as the method of
> freezing (as you noted).
> We used fresh pasta sheets (containing flour, water, egg and salt). Placed
> dollops of filling (cheese and herb, as per Barbara Santiches new book on
> The Original Mediterranean Cuisine), seal with a fork. The pasta was fairly
> well floured, so when we threw them in the ziplock bag and then into the
> freezer, they didnt stick to each other at all. The air was evacuated
> (using a straw or a good puckerer) before freezing. They were frozen for
> several weeks before use, and thawed in the bag with no problems. Ice
> crystal formation can be avoided by limiting the water in the bag, (wax
> paper wouldnt do this), and by being sure that the raviolies are totally
> dry. If you use water to seal them and then dont let them dry??
Another possibility is to freeze them on oiled cookie sheets with a
sprinkling of flour or starch, or perhaps lined with parchment paper,
then remove them, bag them, and return them to the freezer. Obviously
this takes up more room in the freezer, but if one has access to a big
freezer, or more than one freezer, the method is pretty foolproof, and
takes up no additional room once the job is done.
As for the problem of thawing in or out of the bag, and the problems
inherent to either method, I wonder why they are being thawed at all,
unless they're stuck together, which doesn't happen using the above
method. Just drop the frozen mawpockets right into your boiling cooking
liquid. It may take an additional minute or two to bring the liquid back
to the boil, but the end result is pretty much identical.
Adamantius
Date: 22 Jun 1998 09:11:55 -0700
From: "Marisa Herzog" <marisa_herzog at macmail.ucsc.edu>
Subject: SC - Re- frozen ravioli/maultasc
My experience with pastas and raviolis is: if they are frozen, DON'T THAW them
before you cook them. Just throw them in the boiling water. If you thaw them
they get gummy.
- -brid (who has had some interesting meals of pastoid "lumps" while teaching
husband how to cook!)
Date: Mon, 21 Sep 1998 22:13:24 -0800
From: david friedman <ddfr at best.com>
Subject: Re: SC - Feast Menu-Everyman's Challenge
At 8:37 PM -0400 9/21/98, LrdRas at aol.com wrote:
>Here is the menu from Everyman's Challenge held in the Shire of Eisental,
>Sept. 19, 1998. Kitchen Steward-Lady Ellesbeth Donofrey. This is being posted
>with her permission.
>The following abbreviations are used>
>
>P=Period
>PL=Period-like
>T-Traditional
>E=Ethnic
>Cannoli (E)
And for a period Cannoli (from the Miscellany, 8th edn):
Stuffed Qan‰n”t, Fried Cannoli
Andalusian p. A-70
Pound almond and walnut, pine nuts and pistachio very small. Knead fine
white flour with oil and make thin breads with it and fry them in oil.
Pound [sugar] fine and mix with the almond, the walnut and the rest. Add to
the paste pepper, cinnamon, Chinese cinnamon and spikenard. Knead with the
necessary amount of skimmed honey and put in the dough whole pine nuts, cut
pistachio and almond. Mix it all and then stuff the qananit that you have
made of clean wheat flour.
Its Preparation: Knead the dough well with oil and a little saffron and
roll it into thin flatbreads. Stretch them over the tubes (qananit) of
cane, and you cut them [the cane sections] how you want them, little or
big. And throw them [into a frying pan full of oil], after decorating them
in the reed. Take them out from the reed and stuff them with the stuffing
and put in their ends whole pistachios and pine nuts, one at each end, and
lay it aside. He who wants his stuffing with sugar or chopped almond, it
will be better, if God wishes.
Translator's note: The scribe is dropping things again. The general
discussion in the beginning, which is the only place where the stuffing is
described, must have dropped the word sugar, as the recipe section omitted
the instruction to fry the tubes. "Qan‰n”t" is the plural of "qanut"-canes
or cylinders. (Charles Perry)
1/2 c almonds, ground fine 1 t pepper 1/2 c oil
1/2 c walnuts, ground fine 3/4 c honey 1/2 c water
1/2 c pine nuts, ground fine 1/4 c whole pine nuts oil for frying
1/2 c pistachios, ground fine 1/4 c chopped almonds a few whole
pistachios and pine nuts
1/4 c sugar 1/4 c chopped pistachios
2 T cinnamon 3 c flour
Mix ground nuts, spices, sugar, and honey and knead together. Add chopped
nuts. Knead flour, oil and water together and refrigerate 20 minutes. Form
dough into cylinders ~2" long on 3/4" wooden dowel and deep-fry in hot oil
while on the dowel. (They had to be fried on the dowel, as they would not
remain as cylinders otherwise.) Remove from dowel; stuff with filling; stop
one end with a whole pistachio, the other with a whole pine nut.
Note: Too much pepper for Elizabeth, fine for Cariadoc.
David Friedman
Date: Thu, 9 Mar 2000 20:37:55 -0600
From: david friedman <ddfr at best.com>
Subject: Re: SC - Re: 12th C Anglo Norman ravioli
At 4:57 PM +0000 3/9/00, Christina Nevin wrote:
>Hauviette wrote
><< Well, I know there's a 12th century Anglo-Norman recipe which is cheese
>ravioli with shallots. Quite tasty. There's also the cuskynoles, but >>
> Would you be so kind as to post the source and possibly the original
>recipe.<snip>
>
>The source is:
>HIEATT, Constance B. & JONES, Robin F.
>"Two Anglo-Norman Culinary Collections Edited from British Library
>Manuscripts Additional 32085 and Royal 12.C.xii"
>Speculum Issue 61/4 1986
Unless I am mistaken, this source is late thirteenth century, not 12th century.
David/Cariadoc
http://www.best.com/~ddfr/
Date: Thu, 9 Mar 2000 16:32:38 EST
From: Bronwynmgn at aol.com
Subject: Re: SC - Re: 12th C Anglo Norman ravioli
ChannonM at aol.com writes:
<< Would you be so kind as to post the source and possibly the original recipe.
I'm working with 12th C right now and this is intriguing. Although I have my
menu set for the feast on Mar 25, I might be able to incorporate it into head
tables dishes. >>
Actually, I got the recipe off this list, and I was incorrect, it's 13th
century. But here is the info that appeared on the list, and the modern
version done by myself, my husband, and another shire member.
<<Excerpts from internet.listserv.sca-cooks: 13-Mar-98 SC - Raviolis,
tortellini a.. by Christi Redeker at digital.
> The original recipe has a title of ravioli or tortellini, but in my
> limited knowledge of Italian (derived from being able to read and dechiper a
> little bit of Spanish) I don't see anywhere in the original for wrapping in
> pasta. In the author's notes, she says that ravioli, tortelini and fritters
> were used interchangeably until the custom of wrapping a filling in pasta
> became wide spread and known as ravioli and tortelini.
There is a recipe in the British Libraryh: Additional 32085, an
Anglo-Norman collection dating to the late 13th century. It is a recipe
for ravioli -- and (apparently) of the wrapped pasta sort. My source
is Constance Hieatt and Robin Jones' article, Two Anglo-Norman Culinary
Collections Edited from the British Library Manuscripts Additional 32085
and Royal 12.C.xii, published in Speculum 61/4, 1986. Here's the
transcription and the translation:
8. Ravieles. E une autre manere de viaunde, ke ad a noun ravieles.
Pernez bel flur e sucre, e festes un past; e pernez bon formage e bure,
e braez ensemble; e puys pernez p'ersil e sauge e eschalouns, e mincez
les menu, e jettez les dedenz la fassure, e puys pernez formage mye/ e
metez desus e desuz; e puys metez au furn.
8. Ravioli. Here is another kind of dish, which is called ravioli.
Take fine flour and sugar and make pasta dough; take good cheese and
butter and cream them together, then take parsley, sage, and shallots,
chop them finely, and put them in the filling (i.e. the cheese and
butter); put the boiled ravioli on a bed of grated cheese and cover them
with more grated cheese, and then reheat them (?)
toodles, margaret >>
Modern version by Duncan McBain, Angus Campbell, Brangwayna Morgan
For 25 ravioli:
4 cups flour
1/2 cup sugar
1 1/2 cup water
Mix together for pasta dough.
Filling:
1/2 lb ricotta
1/4 lb butter
1 shallot, finely chopped
1/8 tsp ground sage
flowers of 5 sprigs of parsley, finely chopped
Mix filling ingredients together, drop into cut wrappers and seal, then drop
individually into boiling water for about 5 minutes. When the dough is sealed, drain, lay on bed of grated mozzarella, top with more mozzarella, and reheat in oven to melt cheese.
It was quite wonderful. with a subtle, rich flavor.
Brangwayna
Date: Thu, 09 Mar 2000 01:43:35 +0100
From: Thomas Gloning <gloning at Mailer.Uni-Marburg.DE>
Subject: SC - Origin of Ravioli
<< ... I am looking for historical information about Ravioli (Where it
came from, when it was introduced in Italy,... >>
The _Dizionario etimologico della lingua italiana_ (4, 1036b) says that
the Italian word is first attested in Boccaccio and the _Libro della
cucina_, both 14th century. In addition, they mention the Latin
chronicle of Salimbene (ca. 1285). -- Micoli, in his edition of Maestro
Martino, mentions earlier uses of "rabiola" or "rabiòle" (1243 and
before 1223).
There is some dispute about the etymology of the word ...
Looking up the text of the Salimbene chronicle (ed. Scalia 797.13), I
find:
"De gulositate modernorum ...
Item millesimo supraposito, in festo sancte Clare, comedi primo
raviolos sine crusta de pasta. Et hoc ideo dico, ad demonstrandum
quantum subtiliata est humana gulositas ...".
If I understand this quotation correctly, he critizises "gulositas"
(gluttony) by stating that there were people eating ravioli without the
pasta surrounding the filling ...
In a note, the editor points to the work of Messedaglia (p. 385) for a
comment on this passage.
Searching for ravioli in the _Libro di cucina_ (ed. Frati, viz. in the
Anonimo Veneziano's 'Libro per cuoco' of Faccioli's edition), I find
that ravioli are mentioned in three ways: (a) recipes for ravioli, (b)
ravioli as an ingredient, (c) ravioli in a comparison (_salsizie longi
come rafioli_). The recipe numbers of the Faccioli edition are: XLV,
LXII, LXIII, LX (_Quinquinelli zoe rafioli boni molti_; seems to be
another term), LXIV, LXXVII, XCIV, CXII, CXIV.
There is also a ravioli recipe in the Anonimo Meridionale (Boström's
Libro B, Nr. LXXXV) and ravioli are mentioned four times in Maestro
Martino, as an ingredient (doubtful), for a recipe, and twice in a
comparison, see the Faccioli-edition page 134 (doubtful), 145 (_Ravioli
in tempo di carne_), 178 (_Frictelle in forma di raffioli_), 183 (_Ova
in forma de raffioli_).
Alas, this does not answer the question...
Thomas
- -- Boström, I. (Hg.): Anonimo Meridionale, Due libri di cucina.
Stockholm 1985 (Acta Universitatis Stockholmensis, Romanica 11).
- -- Cortelazzo, M./ Zolli, P.: Dizionario etimologico della lingua
italiana. Fünf Bände. Bologna 1979-88.
- -- Faccioli, E.: Arte della cucina. Libri di ricette, testi sopra lo
scalco, il trinciante e i vini dal XIV al XIX secolo. Zwei Bände.
Mailand 1966.
- -- Frati, L. (Hg.): Libro di cucina del secolo XIV. Livorno 1899.
Nachdruck Sala Bolognese 1979.
- -- Maestro Martino: Libro de arte coquinaria. In: Faccioli, E. (Hg.):
Arte della cucina. Band 1. Mailand 1966, 115-204.
- -- Martino da Como: Maestro Martino da Como, »Libro de Arte Coquinaria«.
A cura di E. Montorfano e con introduzione di E. Travi. Mailand 1990.
[Faksimile und Transkription der Handschrift `Washington, Library of
Congress, De Ricci 153'.]
- -- Martino da Como: Libro de arte coquinaria. Premessa e commenti di P.
Micoli. Udine (Società Filologica Friulana/ Arti Grafiche Friulane)
1994. [Text nach der Ausgabe Faccioli 1966.]
- -- Messedaglia, L.: Leggendo la Cronica di frate Salimbene da Parma.
Note per la storia della vita economica e del costume nel secolo XIII.
In: Atti dell'Istituto veneto di scienze, lettere ed arti, Anno
accademico 1943/44, Tomo CIII/2, Classe di Szienze morali e lettere,
352-426 & Indice.
- -- Salimbene de Adam: Cronica. Nuova edizione critica a cura di G.
Scalia. Zwei Bände. Bari 1966.
Date: Sat, 11 Mar 2000 09:24:28 EST
From: Bronwynmgn at aol.com
Subject: Re: SC - Re: 12th C Anglo Norman ravioli
stefan at texas.net writes:
<< But what is this last ingredient? Parsley flowers? Where would you get
this? Or is this some other kind of flowers combined with chopped parsley? >>
"Flowers" of parsley is what Duncan calls the leafy end bits of parsley. He
basically means leaves, no stems. I can't think what they might otherwise be
called, other than something like "Leaves only of five sprigs of parsley" .
Brangwayna Morgan
Date: Fri, 10 Mar 2000 15:00:25 EST
From: allilyn at juno.com
Subject: Re: SC - Fw: Origin of Ravioli
My new copy of Dr. Thomas Scully's mid 15th C. 'The Neapolitan Recipe
Collection' arrived today--Thanks, Devra!--and there are ravioli recipes
in it. NOT Chef Boyardee, in case you are new to medieval cooking,
Nicholas.
This collection is 'Cuoco Napoletano', MS Bu:ler 19, Pierpont Morgan
Library, New York. Book citation: The University of Michigan Press, Ann
Arbor, 2000. ISBN 0-472-10972-3. Contains the original recipes, as well
as criticism, and commentary on the recipes. Scully says it has clear,
primary connection to Martino.
Recipe #10 is a fairly standard, if elaborate, version that we've seen in
a number of collections, calling for ground meat- pork belly, loin of
veal,and capon breast; spices-fragrant herbs, pepper, cloves, ginger,
and saffron; old cheese and a little new, creamy cheese. All of these
are to be well ground, enclosed in a thin dough in nut-sized amounts, and
cooked in capon broth or other meat broth, garnished with a mix of grated
cheese and good spices.
Recipe #11 is different. It calls for buffalo cheese well ground
(Scully's comment on the buffalo cheese calls it 'probatura' and says the
taste and texture resemble mozzarella, but it is exported from Italy)
butter, ginger and cinnamon; for one cheese add 3 well beaten egg whites
and a decent amount of sugar; mix well; shape it into ravioli the length
and thickness of a finger and coat with flour; note that these are made
without dough; boil gently so they don't fall apart, when they begin to
boil, remove and set out with sugar and cinnamon; can make it yellow with
saffron.
In the two, cheese, sugar and spices, and flour are all they have in
common except for the simmering method of cooking. Were they called
ravioli because of this? About a year ago, I posted some comments about
German versions which were fried, some baked. Probably in the
Florilegium by now. Stefan, what did you call the file "little
individual stuffed dough thingies"? Scully lists some other collections
for #10--Forme of Curye, etc., but #11 is Southern Italy and seems to
have no counterpart.
Anybody know of other ravioli that are fried, baked, or similar to #11?
It almost seems dessert type, doesn't it? Depending on what they
considered a 'decent' amount of sugar for this.
Notes on ravioli as feast food: very popular in a number of versions,
but very labor intensive. Making them the morning of the feast is the
least practical way, unless you are overflowing with experienced, willing
cooks. One of the most practical ways were some that Margaret and I did
ahead of time, she making and cutting the dough, I filling, pressing, and
partially cooking the stuffed ones in boiling water--just so they
wouldn't stick together. These were frozen on cookie sheets, the frozen
ones stored in freezer bags, then cooked in broth at the event. Do Not
wrap and freeze raw dough in waxed paper! When thawed, you will have one
gigantic lump of garbage.
Regards,
Allison, allilyn at juno.com
Date: Fri, 23 Feb 2001 09:49:19 -0500
From: Elaine Koogler <ekoogler at chesapeake.net>
Subject: Re: SC - In a pasta making mood
I don't have the recipe right at hand...it's on my desktop computer, which is in
the shop being redone into a bigger/better/faster machine (she says hopefully!),
but the rauiolles (??sp.) from "Curye on Inglysch" is out of this world! I
didn't make my own pasta as I was serving it to 250 people. I used wonton
wrappers instead. The filling is 3 different cheeses. I had a hard time
getting the dish away from my kitchen staff and out to the hall. I have had
more requests for that recipe than any other I've ever done!
If you're interested, I can send it out as soon as I get my desktop computer
back, probably today or tomorrow.
Kiri
Date: Fri, 23 Feb 2001 12:41:28 -0500
From: Philip & Susan Troy <troy at asan.com>
Subject: Re: SC - In a pasta making mood
>The filling is 3 different cheeses. I had a hard time
>getting the dish away from my kitchen staff and out
>to the hall.
Kiri, is this it?
"Forme of Cury, #94:
Rauioles. Take [s]wete chese and grynde hit smal, & medle hit wyt eyren
and saffron and a god quantite of buttur. Make a (th)in foile of dowe &
close hem (th)erin as turteletes, & cast hem in boylyng watur, & sethe
hem (th)erin. Take hote buttur meltede & chese ygratede, & ley (th)i
ravioles in dissches; & ley (th) hote buttur wyt gratede chese bine(th)e
& aboue, & cast (th)ereon powdur douce."
I think the last time I made ravioli, it was filled with odds and ends
from the kitchen: I think it consisted of ground beef, cooked and
pressed frozen spinach, some crumbled, cooked sweet Italian sausage,
Parmagianno cheese, and an egg to bind it... I believe we used wonton
wrappers also, and just made little turnovers like agnolotti.
Adamantius, thinking spinach & ricotta gnocchi
Date: Fri, 23 Feb 2001 23:02:02 -0500
From: LYN M PARKINSON <allilyn at juno.com>
Subject: Re: SC - In a pasta making mood
We make ravioles a lot up here in AEthelmearc, often with different
fillings. Very popular luncheon food, if we don't serve it in the dishes
with butter and grated cheese, as you can pick up the tiny turnovers
between fighting/arching/class etc. One of the favorites was a
suggestion of Margaret's: chopped cooked chicken with minced apple and
some spices.
Here's a sample from my working notes:
Recipes
Ravioles—Turnovers. Margaret baked them, using a sourdough, got good
results. Use large size forms; figure 3 per person. Some Swiss,
Gruyere, and brick cheese for the veggies. Chop and mix with egg to hold
together. Chop cooked chicken, mix with [mushrooms, celery, onions…]
Bind with almond milk thickened with rice flour
==============================================================
Forme of Cury
194. Chewetes on fyssh day. Take turbot, haddock, codling and hake, and
cook it. grind the cooked fish and add ground dates, raisins, pine nuts,
good powders and salt. Make a small pie shell as above; close the filing
inside and fry it in oil, or stew it in sugar and wine, or bake it, and
serve it forth.
193. Chewetes on flesshe day. Meat Pot Pies. [‘choux’ : means
individual small, round pastries.]. Mince pork and chicken, and fry
together, make a small pie shell and put the meat in. On top, put
hard-boiled egg yolks, ground ginger and salt. Cover with a top crust
and fry in grease, or bake it until brown, and serve forth.
1. Cut circles of strong pie dough to fit large muffin cups.
2. Use frozen pot pie tins.
3. Use large turnover forms.
3/4 C. minced pork
3/4 C. minced chicken
2 hard-boiled egg yolks, crumbled
good pinch ground ginger
shake of salt
Fry meat together, drain. Place in shell. Crumble yolks over meat,
sprinkle the ginger and salt on top. Could cook ginger and salt with
meat. Place in pastry container. For first 2, cover with top crust,
crimp edges. For turnovers, close mold. Brush with butter or milk, or
lightly beaten egg. Bake 450* until dough is done, about 20 min. Or,
deep fat fry.
Note 1: this is going to be dry. When bitten, the filling will crumble
out. Try: separate the yolks from the egg white. Boil the egg yolks in
gently simmering water. Use the raw egg whites as a binder, mixing in
with the cooked meat and spices. Then, crumble the egg yolks over, or
mash yolks lightly with any broken egg yolk pieces, and sprinkle over the
top.
Note 2: To prepare ahead for feast or lunch, use turnover form, cook 5
min. in boiling water, remove with slotted spoon, lay on cookie sheets 5
min in freezer, package in freezer bags.
194. Chewetes on fyssh day. Take turbot, haddock, codling and hake, and
cook it. Grind the cooked fish and add ground dates, raisins, pine nuts,
good powders and salt. Make a small pie shell as above; close the filing
inside and fry it in oil, or stew it in sugar and wine, or bake it, and
serve it forth.
1/2 C. cooked, flaked fish 1/4 C. mixed ground fruit
and nuts
pinch powder douce salt to taste
I'd forgotten Margaret's sourdough versions--very good, can't remember
that filling. There are enough versions of these things that almost any
filling--if reasonable by other period recipe standards--can be used.
Vary the cheese, the meat, the spices, any veggies that go in.
Regards,
Allison
Date: Mon, 26 Feb 2001 13:10:36 -0500
From: Elaine Koogler <ekoogler at chesapeake.net>
Subject: SC - Ravioli recipe
To those who wanted it, here follows the recipe/redaction for the
Rauioles that I did for a feast a year or so ago:
94. Rauioles. Take wete chese & grynde hit smal, & medle hit wyt eyren
& saffron and a god quantite of buttur. Make a thin foile of dowe &
close hem therein as turteletes, & cast hem in boyling watur, & sethe
hem therein. Take hote butter meltede & chese ygrated, & ley thi
ravioles in dissches; & ley thi hote buttur why grateded cheses binethe
& aboue, & cast thereon powdur douce.
94. Rauioles (ravioli). Take white cheese and grind it small, and mix
it with eggs and saffron and a good quantity of butter. Make thin sheet
of dough and seal this within as with tartlettes and put them into
boiling water, and boil them. Take hot melted butter and grated cheese
and lay the raviolis in a dish and lay the hot butter with grated cheese
beneath and above, and sprinkle with poudre douce. (Forme of Curye from
Curye on Inglysch)
Redaction: 8 servings = 1 table
33 Won Ton Wrappers
Grated Parmesan Cheese
1 Egg
Powdered Ginger
1 pinch Saffron
Sugar (Caster)
2 Tbsp. Butter
Cloves
1 cup mozzarella grated
Cinnamon
1 cup provolone grated
Mace
1 Egg white (to seal raviolis)
1. Grate cheese, and mix with eggs, saffron and melted butter.
2. Fill wrappers with mixture and seal with egg whites.
3. Boil until tender (al dente)
4. Place in a dish, sprinkle with ginger, sugar, cloves, cinnamon, mace
mixed together (poudre douce) and Parmesan cheese.
Notes:
1. I used won ton wrappers for this feast for expediency's sake. they
are essentially an oriental version of this same pastry .
2. I used egg whites to seal the raviolis so they would stay together
better.
3. I didn't record any quantities for the contents of poudre douce. I
suspect I did the old thing of putting them together until they
looked/tasted right.
It comes from "Forme of Curye" found in Curye on Inglysche. Hope this
helps!
Kiri
Date: Tue, 15 Nov 2005 16:16:56 -0500 (GMT-05:00)
From: Christiane <christianetrue at earthlink.net>
Subject: [Sca-cooks] Pasta dough questions ...
To: sca-cooks at ansteorra.org
Well, Sunday is quickly looming for our "Persephone Goes to the
Underworld" event, the dayboard for which is being prepared by my
cooking partner in crime and me.
So Sunday, I was making the dough for our spinach and mint ravioli,
doubling the recipe I had found on godecookery.com, and I found that
the dough was not coming together. I drizzled some olive oil in, kept
kneading, and then drizzled some more in until the dough suddenly
came together into a smooth lump.
My question is, should I have added a beaten egg or two, instead of
oil? The dough looked and handled great, but I was operating on pure
panic and I had used all of my eggs.
On masochistic note, I rolled the dough out by hand and cut the
sheets with a knife. Now I have a concept of why pasta was considered
a luxury food in period. Heh.
Any thoughts on the olive oil amounts in the dough?
Date: Fri, 13 Jan 2006 17:22:42 -0600
From: "Terry Decker" <t.d.decker at worldnet.att.net>
Subject: Re: [Sca-cooks] Cream sauces
To: "Kerri Martinsen" <kerrimart at mindspring.com>, "Cooks within the
SCA" <sca-cooks at ansteorra.org>
I am assuming that Raviolis de Courge is what is first recorded in
the 13th Century.
While I am certain butternut squash ravioli is delightful, it is most
definitely not a 13th Century French dish. The butternut squash (Cucurbita
moschata) is a New World vegetable. The raviolis de courge of the 13th
Century would have been made with some type of bottle gourd (Lagenaria
siceraria). Also, the modern butternut squash was hybridized in the 18th
Century by Auguste Parmentier (IIRC).
That being said, there is quite a bit of confusion about whether squash or
gourds are being called for in the 16th and 17th Centuries, so the dish may
have been made with squash before 1600.
Bear
> I am serving Butternut Squash ravioli for a feast on the 28th.
>
> The dish: Raviolis de Courge - Is a traditional french mountain-village
> dish is squash ravioli with walnut sauce.
> (Castrum de Guillermo. Guillaumes was founded in the 10th century by
> Guillaume II, Count of Provence. Remains of Neolithic habitation were
> discovered in a grotto in the Vallon de Cantet, 3 km southwest. There are
> other various signs of Gallo-Roman and barbarian occupation. First
> written record, 13th century.)
>
> Vitha
Date: Fri, 13 Jan 2006 19:23:26 -0600
From: "Terry Decker" <t.d.decker at worldnet.att.net>
Subject: Re: [Sca-cooks] Cream sauces
To: "Cooks within the SCA" <sca-cooks at ansteorra.org>
The term courge appears in texts in relation to gourds and squash, so it has
been used as a general term for both. I assume the source for Vitha's
recipe makes the connection between butternut squash and Raviolis de Courge.
The confusion between the bottle gourds and the squashes shows in a number
of languages, because of their similarity and the fact the better-tasting
squashes simply assimulated the gourds position in the kitchen. (Bloody New
World Borg.)
Lagenaria is a genus rather than a species, specifically bottle gourds.
Cucurbita is the genus for squashes. Lagenaria and Cucurbita are both
members of the family, Cucurbitaceae, which also contains the genera,
Cucumis (cucumbers and possibly some melons), Citrullus (watermelon
and some other melons), and Luffa (luffas).
Lagenaria are found in both the Pre-Columbian New and Old Worlds, but the
current opinion is the New World Lagenaria are accidental transplants from
Africa due to ocean drift or migrating birds.
Bear
> how do you make the link from courge to squash, and specifically to butternut squash?
> Courge resembles courgette, which is the current day french for
> zucchini. Afaik, European squash relatives are Cucurbitaceae
> Lagenaria, a species whose fruits are only edible young.
>
> Finne
<the end>