sauerkraut-msg – 12/25/19

Period sauerkraut and pickled cabbage.

NOTE: See also these files: cabbages-msg, fd-Germany-msg, pickled-foods-msg, salads-msg, fd-Russia-msg, fd-East-Eur-msg, vinegar-msg, compost-msg.       

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Date: Wed, 23 Sep 1998 07:15:54 -0500
From: vjarmstrong at aristotle.net (Valoise Armstrong)
Subject: SC - Sauerkraut

Yesterday I was reading Bernd Roeck's _Baecker, Brot und Getreide in
Augsburg_ and I ran across a list of markets in the city in the mid-16th
century. There was one market area specifically for sauerkraut. Still
haven't found any recipes for it, but since there was a designated area for
sauerkraut merchants I wonder if, in urban areas, it wasn't a guild
acrivity.

Valoise


Date: Wed, 23 Sep 1998 20:42:37 -0500
From: vjarmstrong at aristotle.net (Valoise Armstrong)
Subject: Re: SC - Sauerkraut

Ras wrote:
>Cool! Could you write down and send the SPECIFIC reference (pub., pg. etc.).
>I've just added sauerkraut to the Oct. menu. :-) Period-like, of course, but
>it WILL be there.

Roeck,  Bernd.  Baecker, Brot und Getreide in Augsburg. Sigmaringen: Jan
Thorbecke Verlag, 1987.

It's probably out of print, but I got it fairly easily through interlibrary
loan. I didn't save the ISBN, just photocopied what I needed. It's not as
interesting as it sounds at first - the subtitle translates to something
like - The history of the baking trade and the politics of supply in the
Imperial city at the time of the Thirty Year's War_. But mixed in with the
out of period and political stuff are some nice tidbits, like the food
budget for an orphange in 1572 and speculation from period sources on what
the working class ate and spent on food. There's also an appendix that
giving the Augsburg municipal baking laws from 1606.

It's cultural history, academic and in German, but there are some SCA
applicable parts.

Valoise


Date: Tue, 6 Oct 1998 18:13:07 -0500
From: allilyn at juno.com (LYN M PARKINSON)
Subject: Re: SC - Sauerkraut

>>I've just added sauerkraut to the Oct. menu. :-) Period-like, of
course, but  it WILL be there. 
   Ras (Still hoping for a recipe but will fudge it if I have to. ;-))<<

If this was a guild activity, you probably aren't going to get a recipe. 
It would be a 'mystery' and carefully hidden secret.  The farm wives
would have known how to make it, but they didn't write cookbooks in
period.  Present day German sauerkraut is much sweeter than the
traditional USA stuff we've grown up with.  I didn't like it, being used
to the sharper, saltier taste, with lots of dill in it.  Now, some of the
Northern Germans may make it that way--I've lived in Frankfurt A/M, the
areas northeast of Nuremberg, and in Bavaria and Swabia.  

Basically, it's shredded cabbage pickled in salt.  It's quite acidic, try
not to use an aluminum pan, but I'm sure you know that.  The differences
in 'sauerkraut' come with the way you prepare it--adding bacon pits,
wursts, onion, wine or champagne, dill seed, caraway seed, apples, etc. 
These are either/or, not all together.

Allison
allilyn at juno.com, Barony Marche of the Debatable Lands, Pittsburgh, PA
Kingdom of Aethelmearc


Date: Fri, 09 Oct 1998 15:28:13 EDT
From: kathleen.hogan at juno.com (Kathleen M Hogan)
Subject: Re: SC - Sauerkraut

On Tue, 6 Oct 1998 18:13:07 -0500 allilyn at juno.com (LYN M PARKINSON)
writes:
>>>I've just added sauerkraut to the Oct. menu. :-) Period-like, of
>course, but  it WILL be there.                  Ras (Still hoping for
>a recipe but will fudge it if I have to. ;-))<<

>Basically, it's shredded cabbage pickled in salt.  It's quite acidic,
>try not to use an aluminum pan, but I'm sure you know that.

The way my Mother learned to make  it (we lived in the Ramstein area) was
fairly simple, but takes a loooong time.  She used to layer shredded
cabbage and kosher salt in a stoneware crock (a regular dinner plate fit
inside it just to fit)...about 2" cabbage and a tb or so of salt, then
mashed it with a wooden masher until the juice came over the cabbage.
Then another layer of cabbage and salt and more mashing...continuing this
until it came to the top of the crock. She then put the plate on it with
a weight (she used a quart jar of water).  We then put it in the back of
the garage (a cool dark place) for a couple of months.  I remember one of
our neighbors complaining that it smelled like something died in the
garage (we have a paper mill here in Augusta, and when the wind blows
from the mill, it smells like Mom's sourkraut...I think I'm one of the
few people around here that actually likes the smell).  But the sourkraut
was WONDERFUL.  I can't document it as a period method, but it is
certainly simple enough to be.

Caitlin NicFhionghuin
House Oak & Thistle
Shire of Bordervale Keep, Atlantia
Augusta, GA


Date: Sat, 10 Oct 1998 21:49:21 -0500
From: vjarmstrong at aristotle.net (Valoise Armstrong)
Subject: SC - Two recipes with Sauerkraut

Who was looking for sauerkraut recipes - was that Ras? Well I just got my
hands on a copy of Marx Rumpolts' Ein New Kochbook (1581), used up a ream
of paper to photocopy the thing. I haven't had a chance to really look at
it, but I flipped through the chapter on miscellaneous prepared dishes and
found two that call for sauerkraut. There may be others, but this is a huge
book and I don't really have time to read it right now. I've substituted
modern 's' forms for the old ones and German ones. Here they are.

111. Saur Kraut mit einer gesottenen hennen/unnd gerauchteren Speck/ist
auch nicht boss zu essen.

        Sauerkraut with a boiled hen and smoked bacon is also not bad to eat.

117. Gehackt saures Kraut ist auch nicht boss/wenns gesotten ist/ so macht
mans ab mit saurem Raum und Butter.

        Chopped sauerkraut is also not bad when it is boiled, so one
prepares it with sour cream and butter.

I know those are pretty short on detailed instructions, but they're the
first sauerkraut recipes that I've noticed.

Valoise


Date: Sun, 11 Oct 1998 00:19:34 EDT
From: LrdRas at aol.com
Subject: SC - Sauerkraut redaction-recipe

vjarmstrong at aristotle.net writes:
<<  Chopped sauerkraut is also not bad when it is boiled, so one
 prepares it with sour cream and butter.

 I know those are pretty short on detailed instructions, but they're the
 first sauerkraut recipes that I've noticed.

 Valoise
>>

Seems like some detail. Thanks Let's see what I can do with the above recipe:

saures Kraut mit saurem Raum und Butter (Sauerkraut with Sour Cream and
Butter)

1 lb sauerkraut, rinsed well and drained
1/2 stick butter
1 cup sour cream

Put sauerkraut in a medium pan. Add water to cover. Bring to a boil. Cover pan
with a tight fitting lid. Reduce heat to simmer and continue cooking for 20
mins. Reserving liquid, drain kraut.

Return kraut to pan. Add 1/2 the reserved liquid. On low heat, add butter in
small chunks stirring after each addition until melted. Repeat until all the
butter has been incorporated into the kraut. Mix sour cream into buttered
kraut. Immediately remove from heat and serve.

Ras


Date: Mon, 12 Oct 1998 19:07:32 EDT
From: LrdRas at aol.com
Subject: Re: SC - Sauerkraut redaction-recipe

allilyn at juno.com writes:
<< Haven't you just washed out all the flavor?  Wish I had some sauerkraut to
 try.  I'll have to get some fresh cabbage and some coarse salt and try
 making my own for the period redaction attempts.>>

Yes, and no.  I felt that this dish was meant to be more subtle.  Period salt
had all kinds of nastiness in it and a preliminary rinsing would have been
done, IMO.  The cabbage itself without the preserving liquid has a much milder
and subtler flavor.

BTW, I know that a lot of people currently eat their sauerkraut cooked in it's
own juices.  This is not bad but it is another change in very recent history.
Unfortunately this practice has all but dulled the modern taste buds to the
nuances of flavor in rinsed kraut while accounting for the large number of
people who don't like this wonderful food product.

I think that modern manufacture's also put a recommendation to rinse their
kraut on their labels.  Almost all the early recipes that I have for using
kraut call for an initial rinsing.  Many also include apples and/or other
sweeteners to cover the sour taste.  The sour cream in the recipe adds back a
smooth tang that is superb.  Also a rinsing of the kraut falls within the
range of advice given medieval recipes regarding preliminary preparation of
other period foods which have been preserved in a salt solution.

Ras


Date: Tue, 13 Oct 1998 09:02:35 EDT
From: Mordonna22 at aol.com
Subject: Re: SC - Sauerkraut redaction-recipe

allilyn at juno.com writes:
>  Haven't you just washed out all the flavor?  Wish I had some saurkraut to
>  try.  I'll have to get some fresh cabbage and some coarse salt and try
>  making my own for the period redaction attempts.

As with salt cured hams, washing out the salt is necessary if homemade kraut
is to be edible to most palates.

Mordonna DuBois


Date: Wed, 14 Oct 1998 08:47:48 -0700 (PDT)
From: Karen <tyrca at yahoo.com>
Subject: SC - Sauerkraut OOP

>allilyn at juno.com writes:
>>  Haven't you just washed out all the flavor?  Wish I had some saurkraut to
>>  try.  I'll have to get some fresh cabbage and some coarse salt and try
>>  making my own for the period redaction attempts.

>As with salt cured hams, washing out the salt is necessary if homemade
>kraut is to be edible to most palates.

>Mordonna DuBois

When we lived in Germany, about 8 years ago, the German Grandmother
that adopted us told me how to make saurkraut, and she was not talking
about the fresh cabbage.  She always started by rinsing to get out
some of the salt, (and if you are using canned, the taste of the can
as well).  This does not negate any of the flavor as the juice is not
the flavor agent, the kraut itself is sour.  She would then add a
tablespoon of flour, and a teaspoon of sugar, 8 juniper berries, and a
handful of caraway seeds.  The kraut would slightly thicken and
bubble, and the sugar would set off the sharp taste of the sour and
juniper without really being noticed.  I know this is [not] documentablly
period, that is just the way she showed me to make it, and that is the
way I always do.

Many Germans today also add white wine to it after it has been rinsed,
as it is inexpensive (there) and they all have it.  This adds a
different dimension to the flavor that I really liked.

Tyrca
==
Lady Tyrca Ivarsdottir


Date: Mon, 23 Oct 2000 15:24:47 -0600 (MDT)
From: grasse at mscd.edu (Martina Grasse)
Subject: SC - RE sour kraut (cooks 2716)

Bear wrote:
>If you are adhering to strict historical accuracy, I don't think you can
>truly document sauerkraut or pirogi, although both are probably "period."
>I've used similar undocumentable dishes for feasts where I wasn't trying for
>historical accuracy.

Sorry Bear, I disagree

Rumpolt - 1581 German (are you sick of us yet ;-) does list recipes using 
'Saures Kraut'  (would quote, but he is home and I'm at work), but not being a 
cookbook he gives no directions for making the kraut (one is served with 
cream (or sour cream.. dont recall). (and no, it is not just cabbage because 
he has several just Kraut recipes.

Gwen Cat


Date: Mon, 23 Oct 2000 21:35:50 EDT
From: LrdRas at aol.com
Subject: SC - Sauer Kraut mit saurem Raum und Butter-recipe

jenne at mail.browser.net writes:
> Ooh ooh ooh can you quote with translations? This would be a great
> resource for E. Europe... (no, I'm not sick of Rumpolt yet!) 
> -- 
> Jadwiga Zajaczkowa, 

This was served at the Silver Rhyll Harvest Feast that I cooked a couple of 
years ago. Good stuff. :-)

Sauer Kraut mit saurem Raum und Butter
Sauerkraut with Sour Cream and Butter
(from ein New Kochbock. Max Rumpolt. 1581 CE)
(Translation by Veloise Armstrong)
Redaction copyright c 2000 L. J. Spencer, Jr. 

117. Gehackt saures Kraut ist auch nicht boss/ wenns gesotten/ ist/ so nacht 
mans ab mit saurem Raum und Butter.

117. Chopped sauerkraut is not bad when it is boiled, so one prepares it with 
sour cream and butter.

1 LB Saurkraut
1/2 stick Butter
1/2 cp. Sour Cream

Put sauerkraut into a medium pan. Barely cover with water. Boil until tender. 
Drain. Stir in butter and sour cream. Serve.

Ras


From: "Robin Carroll-Mann" <rcmann4 at earthlink.net>
To: sca-cooks at ansteorra.org
Date: Wed, 14 May 2003 18:58:58 -0400
Subject: Re: [Sca-cooks] 16th c German Recipes Help

On 14 May 2003, at 10:54, lilinah at earthlink.net wrote:
> Also, i have recipes on-line i made for the German feast i cooked for
> the Province of the Mists Boar Hunt in 2001:
> http://witch.drak.net/lilinah/2001Menu.html
[snip]
> RELISHES
> - Red Cabbage marinated in red wine vinegar, honey, caraway, anise,
> pepper - Ein Buch von Guter Speise
[snip]

I made the red cabbage for Mudthaw dayboard, using your redaction.  It  
Was very tasty.

Brighid ni Chiarain *** mka Robin Carroll-Mann
Barony of Settmour Swamp, East Kingdom


Date: Tue, 13 Sep 2005 11:32:44 -0700 (PDT)
From: Sandra J. <kieralady2 at yahoo.com>
Subject: [Sca-cooks] sour cabbage - german recipe
To: sca-cooks at ansteorra.org

I am looking for a period German recipe for sourcraut.
I've found a couple of recipes that reference
saurkraut (saures Kraut) in Ein New Kochbuch and the
Preserved Cabbage (Eynngemacht Crautt), from Ein
Kochbuch aus dem Archiv des Deutschen Ordens, but not
actually anything that describes the appropriate
method to make specifically "sour cabbage".

Any help would be appreciated. I feel like I'm
overlooking it or something silly like that. *sigh*

Kind Regards,
Clara von Ulm


Date: Tue, 13 Sep 2005 17:44:42 -0700 (PDT)
From: Huette von Ahrens <ahrenshav at yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [Sca-cooks] sour cabbage - german recipe
To: Cooks within the SCA <sca-cooks at ansteorra.org>

The earliest mention of Sauerkraut is from 1607 in the book "Le  
Tresor di Santi" written in
1607, which describes it as being German.  There are pickled cabbage  
recipes that go back to Roman times, but they aren't quite sauerkraut.

So I would say that Sauerkraut is probably late period, but we just  
haven't found the recipes yet.

Huette


Date: Wed, 14 Sep 2005 03:10:25 -0500
From: "otsisto" <otsisto at socket.net>
Subject: RE: [Sca-cooks] sour cabbage - German recipe
To: "Cooks within the SCA" <sca-cooks at ansteorra.org>

I was told once and never got docs on it. That an English captain in the
late 1500s, mentions an observation that the Germanic nations' sailors did
not seem to suffer like English sailors of scurvy. This was attributed to
the consumption of pickled cabbage.

In order to get his crew to eat the pickled cabbage, he had a barrel brought
on board and had it labeled for officers only.


Date: Wed, 14 Sep 2005 09:23:08 +1200
From: Adele de Maisieres <ladyadele at paradise.net.nz>
Subject: Re: [Sca-cooks] sour cabbage - german recipe
To: Cooks within the SCA <sca-cooks at ansteorra.org>

Sandra J. wrote:
> I am looking for a period German recipe for sourcraut.
> I've found a couple of recipes that reference
> saurkraut (saures Kraut) in Ein New Kochbuch and the
> Preserved Cabbage (Eynngemacht Crautt), from Ein
> Kochbuch aus dem Archiv des Deutschen Ordens, but not
> actually anything that describes the appropriate
> method to make specifically "sour cabbage".
>
> Any help would be appreciated. I feel like I'm
> overlooking it or something silly like that. *sigh*

OK, there's absolutely nothing mystical about making salted, preserved
vegetables like sauerkraut.  It's just shredded vegetables and salt.

You will need to use only non-reactive containers and utensils for this.

Shred 5lbs of cabbage finely. (this is about one medium-sized white
cabbage)  Make the slices about 2mm thick.
Layer it in a large crock or stone jar with 1/4c salt.  (preferably
something tallish and narrowish-- a large preserving jar, tupperware
container, ceramic cookie jar, whatever).

IMPORTANT:  If you do not have exactly the right amount of cabbage, you
must increase or decrease the salt so that the proportions are the same.
Cover it lightly and leave it for a few hours-- the cabbage will produce
quite a bit of liquid.

Cover and weight the cabbage in such a way that it's all immersed in the
brine and protected from the outside air.  I've done this by putting a
plastic bag of cold water on top of the cabbage, but also by the simpler
method of putting a well-fitted weight on top of the cabbage and
covering the crock not-too-tightly.  Now, leave the whole thing to
ferment at room temperature for 2-6 weeks, depending on how sour you
like it.  Then keep refrigerated until it's all eaten.

I served this at a feast a while ago, with roast beef and freshly-baked
rye bread. It was very well received and nearly all of it got eaten.
--  
Adele de Maisieres


Date: Wed, 14 Sep 2005 09:34:44 +1200
From: Adele de Maisieres <ladyadele at paradise.net.nz>
Subject: Re: [Sca-cooks] sour cabbage - german recipe
To: Cooks within the SCA <sca-cooks at ansteorra.org>

Sandra J. wrote:
> I am looking for a period German recipe for sourcraut.
> I've found a couple of recipes that reference
> saurkraut (saures Kraut) in Ein New Kochbuch and the
> Preserved Cabbage (Eynngemacht Crautt), from Ein
> Kochbuch aus dem Archiv des Deutschen Ordens, but not
> actually anything that describes the appropriate
> method to make specifically "sour cabbage".

And the remark I meant to make earlier--  I haven't found a strictly
period recipe, either, and I don't expect that I will.  There are lots
of period references to sauerkraut, and some to the general method of
production (which is roughly: cabbage is shredded and put in barrels
with salt), but as far as I can tell, this is something made on farms,
not in professional kitchens. A period professional cook would have
bought it by the barrel, rather than made it himself.
--  
Adele de Maisieres


Date: Wed, 14 Sep 2005 05:39:00 -0700 (PDT)
From: Louise Smithson <helewyse at yahoo.com>
Subject: [Sca-cooks] An Italian recipe for sauerkraut? was sour
	cabbage -	german recipe
To: sca-cooks at ansteorra.org

>>>
So I would say that Sauerkraut is probably late period, but we just  
haven't found the recipes
yet.  Huette
<<<

I figure that this will make the whole discussion more complicated. I  
came across this recipe in Scappi some time ago.  It refers to  
cabbage in salt, packed in wooden barrels or ceramic vases. It could  
easily be another salted cabbage or it could indeed be sauerkraut.   
Although one could argue that just about any cabbage stored in a  
salty liquid will become sauerkraut anyway.

Helewyse

Per far minestra di cauli cappucci stati in sale. Cap CXCVII

Son portati in Trevisi & in Venetia di terra Todesca cauli cappucci  
salati con salimora in vasi di terra o di legno, li quali cavati che  
son dalla salimora si lavano in più acque, & si fanno stare in molle,  
& si fanno perlessare con acqua semplice; & cavinosi d’essa acqua, &  
rinfreschinosi con altre acque, & faccianosi cuocere in brodo di  
carne di vaccina grassa, spigoli d’aglia ammaccati, & cotti che sono  
si cavano ascuitti, & si copreno di agliata. Si possono ancho  
soffrigere con lo strutto liquefatto, & aglio, & cipollette battute  
dapoi che saranno cotti nel brodo, & si serveno con pepe, & fior di  
finocchio sopra.

To make a dish of headed cabbage kept in salt. Chapter 197

Into Trevisi and Venice is carried from Germany salted headed cabbage  
with salted liquid in vessels of ceramic or of wood. The which is  
taken from the salted liquid and washed in water and then soaked in  
water and parboiled in simple water. One takes it from this water and  
refreshes it with more water, and put it to cook in fatty beef broth  
with chopped garlic cloves, and when it is cooked one takes it out  
dry (strains it) and covers it with garlic sauce. One can also fry it  
in melted lard with garlic and chopped onions after it has been  
cooked in the broth and one serves it with pepper and ground fennel  
above.


Date: Wed, 14 Sep 2005 10:33:51 -0400
From: Johnna Holloway <johnna at sitka.engin.umich.edu>
Subject: [Sca-cooks] Sour Cabbage -- notes
To: Cooks within the SCA <sca-cooks at ansteorra.org>

Sour Cabbage Notes—

Went looking for references to sauerkraut last night. This was before
reading this am's posts, so forgive me for being behind in those.
In Regional Cuisines of Medieval Europe: A Book of Essays.
In this collection edited by Melitta Weiss Adamson with the section on
Germany written by Adamson, I found these mentions—

<>In talking about 16th century food in Germany, she writes “Lower class
foods according to Ryff are oats, cabbage, chestnuts, beans, millet, and turnips
  Cabbage, Ryff informs the reader, is eaten daily all over
Germany, and in Bavaria sauerkraut is eaten three to four times a day as
a meal. Page 163

Ryff’s book is Guualterus H. Rivius [Walter Ryff]. Kurtze aber vast
eigentliche nutzliche vnd in pflegung
  it dates from 1549

<>Adamson later on in her discussion of Daz Buch von Gutter Spise
mentions that “Two recipes each contain cabbage/sauerkraut (recipes 48,
84). Page 169

If one checks the edition of Daz Buch von Gutter Spise that Adamson
edited, one will find that recipe 48 is a sauce recipe that ends “and
some sauerkraut or turnips, anything you want.”

<>Apparently in the 1460 cookbook written by von Maister Hans or Meister
Hans (facsimile is titled Maister Hannsen des von Wirtenburg koch) there
is a mention made to cabbage seeds being saved from cabbage worms.
Meister Hans noted “I secretly noticed that you like to eat sauerkraut,
while by nature I prefer gruel
” Page 176 <>

Lastly Adamson mentions that the 1485 Kuchenmeysterey contains some
material in the sauces section. “The focus in chapter 4 is on sauces,
especially garlic sauces, mustard, electuaries, cabbage, and
sauerkraut.” Page 183

Perhaps someone could check a copy of the Kuchenmeysterey and see what
is in this chapter. I don’t have a copy at hand of this.

Johnnae


Date: Wed, 14 Sep 2005 11:32:27 -0400
From: "Jeff Gedney" <gedney1 at iconn.net>
Subject: RE: [Sca-cooks] sour cabbage - German recipe
To: Cooks within the SCA <sca-cooks at ansteorra.org>

> I was told once and never got docs on it. That an
> English captain in the late 1500s, mentions an
> observation that the Germanic nations' sailors did
> not seem to suffer like English sailors of scurvy.
> This was attributed to the consumption of pickled
> cabbage. In order to get his crew to eat the pickled
> cabbage, he had a barrel brought on board and had it
> labeled for officers only.

Sounds up my alley...
I'll see what I can find...

But it _sounds_ apochryphal. Ship's stores were generally
closely watched and apportioned out by stewards.
Stuff listed for the captain's table would not go into
the general "messe" in the way described.
The English would eat almost anything to relieve their
boredom of the beer biscuit and salt cod/salt beef diet.
... including eskimo dog, penguin, manatee, dolphin, corn,
grass, whatever the can catch or gather that might be
concievably or even remotely edible.

I think if they were put ashore in Germany, after months
of eating weevily bisuit, maggoty salt beef and cod,
drinking scummy water, and smelling the gasses that
issued from the festering bilges every night as they try
to sleep, that a fresh crock of sauerkraut in a dry
German inn would seem like cheese and wine on a bed
of rose petals.

I seriously doubt that they would have to be coaxed into
eating any any sort of fresh food.


On scurvy:
I know that in the Elizabethan period the cause and
cure of scurvy was still widely unknown.

A major complication being that the modern concept of
Scurvy as a vitamin C deficiency rarely was experienced.
The period Scurvy diagnosis usually included descriptions
of symptoms associated with other vitamin deficinecies,
such as "wet" beriberi (A vitamin B1 deficiency usually
associated with the high alcohol content of the sailor's
diet), and pellagra.
There were lots of theories as to causation, yes, but the
notion of a purely dietary deficiency causing the
condition was not among them.
The most usual period theory being that the very atmosphere
of the ocean was bad for you, the very ocean was inimical
to non ocean based life. This was commonly called "malaria"
(bad air "mal+aria").

Once you got back on the wholesome land, the very vapors
of the good earth cured you. It was pretty well established
that some foods and medicines would help to deter the
condition at sea, but why they worked was anyone's guess,
and the exact foods and medicines recommended varied from
place to place and era to era.

For example, it was known that some fruits deterred scurvy,
but it was thought that the acidic nature of the foods was
the curative agency, so in his 1565 voyage, Sir John Hawkins
shipped, and distributed, his favorite remedy for scurvy,
which was a mixture of sulfuric acid, sugar and water. (and
you thought Coke was bad for the teeth!)

Source:
Keevil, J. J.,  "Medicine and the Navy: 1200-1900: Vol 1
1200-1649", E. & S. Livingstone, Edinburgh,  1957

Capt Elias
Dragonship Haven, East
(Stratford, CT, USA)
Apprentice in the House of Silverwing


Date: Wed, 14 Sep 2005 14:17:13 -0700 (PDT)
From: Huette von Ahrens <ahrenshav at yahoo.com>
Subject: RE: [Sca-cooks] sour cabbage - German recipe
To: Cooks within the SCA <sca-cooks at ansteorra.org>

And Krautsalat (coleslaw) has been mentioned in period.  In his German travel diaries from 1580, Michel de Montaigne kept a list of "dishes unfamiliar to me," in which he included, without further comment, the "cabbage salads" that were set before him in the Swabian town of Lindau on Lake Constance.  No recipes alas, but if you make your coleslaw without mayo, then you will be at least serving something potentially pre-1600.

Huette


Date: Thu, 15 Sep 2005 23:48:34 -0500
From: Stefan li Rous <StefanliRous at austin.rr.com>
Subject: [Sca-cooks] sauerkraut
To: SCA-Cooks maillist SCA-Cooks <SCA-Cooks at ansteorra.org>

Adele de Maisieres commented:
> Louise Smithson wrote:
>> I figure that this will make the whole discussion more complicated.
>> I came across this recipe in Scappi some time ago.  It refers to
>> cabbage in salt, packed in wooden barrels or ceramic vases. It
>> could easily be another salted cabbage or it could indeed be
>> sauerkraut.  Although one could argue that just about any cabbage
>> stored in a salty liquid will become sauerkraut anyway.
>
> I believe you have hit the nail on the head, here.  If you mix salt
> and cabbage in the right ratio, it _will_ turn into sauerkraut.

But I thought that sauerkraut was more than simply salted cabbage.
Isn't there some kind of fermentation going on? Isn't that where the
sour taste comes from? In which case, unless the yeasts/bacteria/
whatever are already there in/on the cabbage, there is no guarantee
that it will turn into sauerkraut, unless the needed beasties are
there in the air, the temperature is right etc.

If you salt the cabbage and then stick it in the refrigerator, you
get salted cabbage, right? Not sauerkraut.

Stefan
--------
THLord Stefan li Rous    Barony of Bryn Gwlad    Kingdom of Ansteorra
     Mark S. Harris           Austin, Texas


Date: Thu, 15 Sep 2005 22:14:30 -0700 (PDT)
From: Pat <mordonna22 at yahoo.com>
Subject: Re: [Sca-cooks] sauerkraut
To: Cooks within the SCA <sca-cooks at ansteorra.org>

Yes, if you salt the cabbage and then stick it in the fridge, it  
won't turn into sauerkraut.
However, do you remember me talking all those years ago about Auntie  
Ruth?  My ex's foster mother who taught me so much about German cooking?
Well, Auntie Ruth made several batches of Sauerkraut every year for  
more than seventy years, and never added yeast.  She'd just shred the  
cabbage, layer it with salt in a stoneware churn, stick it in the  
meathouse outside and wait a week or so.  Nothing to it.  'Course  
that meathouse had been standing for nearly a century and a half (it  
was the "new" one, built after the first one burned,) and been used  
to store ham and 'kraut for all that time, so there were probably  
plenty of yeasty beasies in residence.

Mordonna

Stefan li Rous <StefanliRous at austin.rr.com> wrote:
>>>
  In which case, unless the yeasts/bacteria/
whatever are already there in/on the cabbage, there is no guarantee
that it will turn into sauerkraut, unless the needed beasties are
there in the air, the temperature is right etc.

If you salt the cabbage and then stick it in the refrigerator, you
get salted cabbage, right? Not sauerkraut.

Stefan
<<<

Lady Anne du Bosc
known as Mordonna the Cook
Shire of Thorngill, Meridies
Mundanely, Pat Griffin of Millbrook, AL


Date: Fri, 16 Sep 2005 19:13:11 +1200
From: Adele de Maisieres <ladyadele at paradise.net.nz>
Subject: Re: [Sca-cooks] sauerkraut
To: Cooks within the SCA <sca-cooks at ansteorra.org>

Stefan li Rous wrote:
> But I thought that sauerkraut was more than simply salted cabbage.
> Isn't there some kind of fermentation going on? Isn't that where the
> sour taste comes from? In which case, unless the yeasts/bacteria/
> whatever are already there in/on the cabbage, there is no guarantee
> that it will turn into sauerkraut, unless the needed beasties are   
> there in the air, the temperature is right etc.

Yes, there's a fermentation process, but it's incredibly reliable. You
don't need to add any sort of starter culture, and it works at a wide
range of temperatures (albeit at varying speeds).

> If you salt the cabbage and then stick it in the refrigerator, you   
> get salted cabbage, right? Not sauerkraut.

I haven't tried this-- but I suspect it turns into sauerkraut
_eventually_.  If you want it _not_ to become sauerkraut, you need to up
the ratio of salt to cabbage.
-- 
Adele de Maisieres


Date: Fri, 16 Sep 2005 21:00:39 -0700 (PDT)
From: Holli Sicard <sicardrenfairefam at yahoo.com>
Subject: RE: [Sca-cooks] sauerkraut
To: Cooks within the SCA <sca-cooks at ansteorra.org>

otsisto <otsisto at socket.net> wrote:
> Where do you get kraut muckers?
> Lyse

I got mine from a friend of mine.  I'll ask her where she acquired  
it.  It says it was made in Germany by a company named Gartopf.  I  
did find this link:
http://www.aviva.ca/shop/products.asp?itemid=656&catid=90
An Original HARSCH Fermentation Pot (7.5L), exactly what mine says on  
the front.
It says there is a picture coming soon, but the description is  
exactly what I have.
"Sudkeramik Fermentation Crock - Original System Harsch Natural  
Fermentation is one of the oldest known preservation methods.  Lactic  
acid bacteria ferment the vegetables and they preserve longer, have a  
pleasant acidic taste and rich contents of vitamins and minerals."
If you would like me to stake a few pics, let me know.

Holli


Date: Fri, 16 Sep 2005 17:18:29 -0500
From: "otsisto" <otsisto at socket.net>
Subject: RE: [Sca-cooks] sauerkraut
To: "Cooks within the SCA" <sca-cooks at ansteorra.org>

I found this
http://www.canningpantry.com/sauerkraut-crocks.html

Lyse


Date: Fri, 16 Sep 2005 22:10:30 -0700
From: Susan Fox <selene at earthlink.net>
Subject: Re: [Sca-cooks] sauerkraut
To: Cooks within the SCA <sca-cooks at ansteorra.org>

> otsisto <otsisto at socket.net> wrote:
> I found this
> http://www.canningpantry.com/sauerkraut-crocks.html
>
> Lyse

*sheesh*  The smallest on that page was $99 for a 5 liter crock.  The Korean
market near my old house has comparable crocks for kim chee for under $20.

The lesson:  shop the ethnic markets with the people who really make this
stuff at home, rather than the upscale catalogs with upscale prices for
yuppie dilettantes.  I don't want to get fooled again!

Bluntly but honestly, as ever,
Selene Colfox


Date: Sat, 17 Sep 2005 09:19:02 +0200
From: Volker Bach <carlton_bach at yahoo.de>
Subject: Re: [Sca-cooks] sauerkraut
To: Cooks within the SCA <sca-cooks at ansteorra.org>

Am Samstag, 17. September 2005 07:10 schrieb Susan Fox:
> *sheesh*  The smallest on that page was $99 for a 5 liter crock.  The
> Korean market near my old house has comparable crocks for kim chee for
> under $20.
>
> The lesson:  shop the ethnic markets with the people who really make this
> stuff at home, rather than the upscale catalogs with upscale prices for
> yuppie dilettantes.  I don't want to get fooled again!

True. What is even better is that you can make sauerkraut in almost any
container that is waterproof. I haven't done it yet (I live in a small
apartment and my neighbours already complain enough about the egg tempera
paints and resin varnishes), but friends and relatives of mine have done it
in crockpots, enameled cookpots, buckets, glass jars, and in one documented
case in a disused garbage bin (which I would not recommend, notwithstanding
the kraut being the best of the lot). I think wooden casks are traditionally
recommended.

I've got to make some this autumn

Giano


Date: Fri, 16 Sep 2005 19:15:33 +1200
From: Adele de Maisieres <ladyadele at paradise.net.nz>
Subject: Re: [Sca-cooks] sauerkraut
To: Cooks within the SCA <sca-cooks at ansteorra.org>

Pat wrote:
> Yes, if you salt the cabbage and then stick it in the fridge, it  
> won't turn into sauerkraut.
> However, do you remember me talking all those years ago about  
> Auntie Ruth?  My ex's foster mother who taught me so much about  
> German cooking?
> Well, Auntie Ruth made several batches of Sauerkraut every year for  
> more than seventy years, and never added yeast.  She'd just shred  
> the cabbage, layer it with salt in a stoneware churn, stick it in  
> the meathouse outside and wait a week or so.  Nothing to it.   
> 'Course that meathouse had been standing for nearly a century and a  
> half (it was the "new" one, built after the first one burned,) and  
> been used to store ham and 'kraut for all that time, so there were  
> probably plenty of yeasty beasies in residence.

I do the same thing in my kitchen at home-- no century-and-a-half's
worth of anything 'round here.  At any rate, the cabbage doesn't get
left exposed to the air-- mine gets covered with clingfilm.
-- 
Adele de Maisieres


Date: Tue, 20 Sep 2005 08:21:12 -0700
From: "Bj Jane Tremaine" <vikinglord at cox.net>
Subject: Re: [Sca-cooks] sauerkraut
To: "Cooks within the SCA" <sca-cooks at ansteorra.org>

My Grandmother keep her in a oak barrel in the root caller with a plate on
top to keep the cabbage in the brine.  I remember scraping off the mold on
top to remove the plate to get to the kraut.   Lots of penicillin in her
basement.

Jana


Date: Sun, 11 Jan 2009 04:07:41 -0500
From: ranvaig at columbus.rr.com
Subject: Re: [Sca-cooks] ginormous amounts of cabbage
To: Cooks within the SCA <sca-cooks at lists.ansteorra.org>

< Apart from the remains of pots of pickled cabbage being found in the base of the Great Wall of China and elsewhere, I believe sauerkraut is mentioned in Marx Rumpolt. >

<< Certainly is-- I think it says something like "pig's foot with sauerkraut isn't bad". >>

Some sauerkraut recipes and menu items from Rumpolt.

Swchweine Wildpret gekocht im Pfeffer auff Vngerisch/ Ein saur kraut gekocht mit einem ger?ucherten Speck/ vnd d?rren W?rsten/ vnd auch mit ger?ucherten Capaunen vnd H?ner.
Wild boar cooked in a Pepper sauce in the Hungarian manner/ a sauerkraut cooked with smoked baon and dried sausage/ and also with smoked capons and hens.

Ein saur Kraut gekocht/ vnd mit ge?uchtem Speck vnnd Bratw?rsten vmblegt.
A sauerkraut cooked/ and with smoked bacon and bratwurst laid around.

Ein saur Kraut mit d?rren Lachs gesotten/ vnnd Backfisch/ vnd Bratfisch auff das Kraut/ alles in ein Sch?ssel angericht.
A sauerkraut cooked with dried salmon/ and backfish/ and fried fish on the kraut/ all arranged in a dish.

Warme Erbe? mit saurem Kraut.
Warm peas with sauerkraut.

Hammel 22. Karwenada von dem Hammel zu kochen. Nimm au? der Seiten die Rib von dem Hammel / und haw die Brust davon hinweg / und brauchs worzu du es haben wilt / es sei zu gr?nem oder saurem Kraut / Nimm die Riben / schneidt eine nach der andern herau? / sampt dem Fleisch / zerklopf ein segliche Rib besonder mit einer Weidorarenruck / und wenn du es wilt braten / so besprengs auf beiden seiten mit Salz / legs auf ein R??t / und brats geschwindt hinweg / begeu? mit heissen Speck / oder nimm lautere Butter. Und wenn du es wilt anrichten / so nimm ein braune saure Br?he / die wohl gepfeffert ist / gie? oben dar?ber / da? es warm auf ein Tisch kompt / Denn wenn es kalt ist / so wolt ich nicht ein Pfennig drumb geben / Und ein sollche Speise mu? man machen / wenn ein Herr be idem Tisch ist. Und wenns einer gern mit Knoblaunch ist gut und lieblich. Solche Speise kanstu braten oder sieden / oder auch wohl eind?mpfen / denn man hat nicht allzeit drei oder viererlei Fleisch.

22. To cook carbonados of the mutton.  Take from the side of the ribs of a mutton/ and cut the breast away from it/ and need what for you will have it/ be it green cabbage or sauerkraut/ Take the ribs/ slice one from the other/ together with the meat/ beat such a rib especially with a Weidorarenruck/ and when you will roast it/
then sprinkle on both sides with salt/ lay on a grill/ and roast swiftly away/ baste with hot bacon/ or take clean butter.  And when you will serve/ then take a brown sour stock/ that is well peppered/ pour over the top/ that it comes to the table warm/ because if it is cold/ then I will not give a penny for it/ And such a dish one has to make/ when a Lord is at the table. And when you would like it with garlic it is good and lovely.  Such dishes you can roast or boil/ or also well steam/ because one has not always three or four meats.

Spensaw 23. Ger?uchert oder Geselcht Spensaw ist auch nicht b??/ magst sie kalt oder warm geben/ sie ist auf beide manier gut/ Oder kochs unter gr?nem K?l/ mit saurem Kraut/ oder mit Spenat/ oder Bisenkraut/ welches man sonst R?mischen K?l nennet.

23. Smoked or salted pig is not also bad/ serve it cold or warm/ It is good in both manners or cook under green cabbage/ with sauerkraut or with spinach/or Bisenkraut which one otherwise calls Roman cabbage.

(And if anyone has a translation for Bisenkraut, I'd be glad to hear it).

Fasan 22.  Nim~ ein ger?ucherten Fasan/ vnd guten Speck/ der unterwachsen ist/ auch ein guten Kappaunen/ der nicht ger?uchert ist/ Nim~ den Speck/ vn~ schneidt jn gar klein/ setz jn zu mit saurem Kraut/ vnd la? wol darmit sieden/ r?r es wol mit einem h?ltzern L?ffel/ Wenn das Kraut wol gesotten ist/ so thu den Fasanen darein/ vnd den Kappaun/ la? auch siedenm mit dem Kraut/ r?r es durcheinander mit einem h?ltzern L?ffel/ so ist es ein gutes essen. Vnd ich habe es offte gekocht vor grosse Herrn/ sonderlich vor die Herrn von Osterreich.

Take a smoked pheasant/ and good bacon/ that is unterwachsen/ also a good capon that is not smoked/ Take the bacon and cut it very small/ set it to the fire with sauerkraut/ and it let it simmer together well/ stir it well with a wooden spoon/ When the kraut is well cooked/ then put the pheasant in it/ and the capon/ let also cook with the kraut/ stir it together with a wooden spoon/ like this it is a good food.  And I have often cooked for great lords, especially the lords of Austria.

Ranvaig


Date: Sun, 11 Jan 2009 23:21:18 -0600 (CST)
From: "Pixel, Goddess and Queen" <pixel at hundred-acre-wood.com>
Subject: Re: [Sca-cooks] ginormous amounts of cabbage
To: Cooks within the SCA <sca-cooks at lists.ansteorra.org>

< On Jan 9, 2009, at 10:12 PM, Stefan li Rous wrote:
So what are you planning on making with this ginormous amount of
cabbage? Stuffed cabbages? >

It's a pickled cabbage recipe from Ein Kochbuch aus dem Archiv des 
Deutschen Ordens, found here:
http://www.greneboke.com/recipes/pickledcabbage.shtml. Well, that was some 
of the cabbage. The rest got dressed with an olive oil/red wine 
vinegar/sugar/salt/caraway seed dressing as a sort of extemporaneous 
periodoid blanched cabbage salad.

I should remember that when doing cabbagey things for northern plains 
people, that one should assume the servings are going to be very small. 
Made twice as much as was necessary, as usual.

The lunch went swimmingly well--people seemed to be pleased with the 
offering (sausage or spinach tart, the cabbage salads, cheese, apples, 
shortbread, a cider mustard and a pear mustard, and lemonade), nobody 
asked me for ketchup, I got a bunch of compliments which I was not 
expecting, and I was able to dispose of leftovers without a problem. I had 
as an able assistant a lady who just moved into town from Thescorre in 
Aethelmarc, and thus got to introduce her to everyone who went through the 
lunch line that I happened to know.

Margaret FitzWilliam


Date: Tue, 27 Jan 2009 09:54:57 +1300
From: Antonia Calvo <ladyadele at paradise.net.nz>
Subject: Re: [Sca-cooks] Sauerkraut
To: Cooks within the SCA <sca-cooks at lists.ansteorra.org>

Laureen Hart wrote:
<<< One source said you should keep the kraut at 65-70 degrees for the first 4-5 days so you get the correct leuconostoc started. After that time you can put it in a cooler location. At a secondary phase a second leuconostoc (iirc)
takes over and increases the acidity.

Has anyone here dealt with this when making kraut? I started 10 lb of
cabbage and it is on my kitchen counter right now. I would prefer to move it
to a back room that is not heated but don't want to mess it up. Most of the
recipes seemed to go directly to the root cellar or garage. >>>

Depends what "unheated" means in your neck of the woods.  If the area 
you put it in doesn't get too cold (say, not dropping below 10-12C, it 
should be fine, although the fermentation will be slow.  If it's more 
like 0-10C, the fermentation will slow to a crawl and possibly even stop.
-- 
Antonia di Benedetto Calvo


Date: Wed, 30 Sep 2009 12:32:38 -0700
From: Susan Fox <selene at earthlink.net>
To: Cooks within the SCA <sca-cooks at lists.ansteorra.org>
Subject: Re: [Sca-cooks] Kraut krauting

Oh, you will have something much sooner than that.  The batch I served 
with sausages for Crown Prints Prize Tourney in July had been fermenting 
no more than three weeks.  The Pear mustard, that should have been 
started sooner.  It's nice NOW though.

Recommended reading:  WILD FERMENTATION by Sandor Ellix Katz 
<www.wildfermentation.com>

Selene Colfox, Caid

On Sep 30, 2009, at 3:01 PM, Volker Bach wrote:
<<< Well, I started my first batch of sauerkraut - got a big pottery 
container, shredded ten kilos of cabbage, salted it down, tamped it 
in, put a bowl on top to press it and now i hope to get something 
edible in a few  month's time.

If it works, I'll try something more ambitious next year.

Giano >>>


Date: Tue, 15 Dec 2009 08:02:24 -0700
From: Susan Lin <susanrlin at gmail.com>
To: Cooks within the SCA <sca-cooks at lists.ansteorra.org>
Subject: Re: [Sca-cooks] Accidental sourdough,	krauting failure and
	random 	stuff

As for the kraut - when I made it last year my instructions said to make
sure there was enough salt water to cover.  It started weeping immediately
but did not give off enough of its own juice to cover so I kept adding a
salted water mixture - something like 1/2 cups salt to 1 quart water until I
had added enough to cover the cabbage - after that it was very happy.
Sometimes "crud" grows on top of the water - just skim that off.  As long as
the kraut stays submerged I think you're okay.

Good luck next time.

On Tue, Dec 15, 2009 at 3:49 AM, Volker Bach <carlton_bach at yahoo.de> wrote:
<<< The krauting went bad. I got the right fermentation judging by the smell,
but the top grew mould. I suspect the cabbage simply didn't 'sweat' enough
water. Maybe next time I need to add extra water from the start.

Giano >>>


Date: Fri, 8 Feb 2013 13:52:28 -0800 (GMT-08:00)
From: lilinah at earthlink.net
To: sca-cooks at lists.ansteorra.org
Subject: Re: [Sca-cooks] Service and Kraut questions from Gwen Cat

Gwen Cat wrote:
<<< 1) while I suspect every one knew how to make it, are there actual period (preferably German) recipes for creating sauerkraut? I know Rumpolt has recipes for cooking/serving it, but anyone write down how they made it? >>>

Not quite sauerkraut, but related, i suspect:

from Ein Buch von Guter Spise, circa 1350
translation by Alia Atlas

48. Ein condimentlin.
Mal k?mel und enis mit pfeffer und mit ezzige und mit honige. und mach ez gel mit saffran. und tu dar zu senf. in disem condimente maht du sulze persilien, bern und clein cumpost oder r?eben, waz du wilt.

48. A Condiment.
Flavor caraway seeds and anise with pepper and with vinegar and with honey. And make it gold with saffron. And add thereto mustard. In this condiment you may make sulze (pickled or marinated) parsley, and small preserved fruit and vegetables, or beets, which(ever) you want.

I have made this with beets, with cucumber, and with cabbage, varying the seasonings. I didn't ferment it, but it was tasty...

Urtatim (that's oor-tah-TEEM)


Date: Fri, 08 Feb 2013 11:51:56 -0700
From: "Daniel Myers" <dmyers at medievalcookery.com>
To: "Cooks within the SCA" <sca-cooks at lists.ansteorra.org>
Subject: Re: [Sca-cooks] Service and Kraut questions from Gwen Cat

From: "Cat ." <tgrcat2001 at yahoo.com>
<<< while I suspect every one knew how to make it, are there actual period (preferably German) recipes for creating sauerkraut? I know Rumpolt has recipes for cooking/serving it, but anyone write down how they made it? >>>

I couldn't find any German recipes, but here's a Danish one

XLV - To pickle cabbage. Chop it finely, sprinkle it well each layer by
itself in a container or barrel. Between each layer sprinkle salt, cumin
and juniper berries and put a good weight on him, iiij. or v days.
Thereafter pour vinegar over it. [Koge Bog, (Denmark, 1616)]

- Doc


Date: Fri, 08 Feb 2013 15:02:14 -0500
From: Johnna Holloway <johnnae at mac.com>
To: Cooks within the SCA <sca-cooks at lists.ansteorra.org>,	"Cat ."
	<tgrcat2001 at yahoo.com>
Subject: [Sca-cooks] Sour Cabbage -- notes

From my files dated 2005 with some updates on the sources

Johnnae

Sour Cabbage Notes:

Went looking for references to sauerkraut last night. This was before reading this am's posts, so forgive me for being behind in those.
In Regional Cuisines of Medieval Europe: A Book of Essays.
In this collection edited by Melitta Weiss Adamson with the section on
Germany written by Adamson, I found these mentions?

<>In talking about 16th century food in Germany, she writes ?Lower class foods according to Ryff are oats, cabbage, chestnuts, beans, millet, and turnips? Cabbage, Ryff informs the reader, is eaten daily all over Germany, and in Bavaria sauerkraut is eaten three to four times a day as a meal. Adamson. Page 163

Ryff's book is Guualterus H. Rivius [Walter Ryff]. Kurtze aber vast eigentliche nutzliche vnd in pflegung? it dates from 1549

2013-- That book is now online -- http://archive.org/details/kurtzeabervastei00ryff
--------------------

<>Adamson later on in her discussion of Daz Buch von Gutter Spise mentions that ?Two recipes each contain cabbage/sauerkraut (recipes 48, 84). Page 169

If one checks the edition of Daz Buch von Gutter Spise that Adamson edited, one will find that recipe 48 is a sauce recipe that ends ?and some sauerkraut or turnips, anything you want.?

<>Apparently in the 1460 cookbook written by von Maister Hans or Meister Hans (facsimile is titled Maister Hannsen des von Wirtenburg koch) there is a mention made to cabbage seeds being saved from cabbage worms. Meister Hans noted ?I secretly noticed that you like to eat sauerkraut, while by nature I prefer gruel?? Page 176 <>

2013-- That book is  Kochbuch des Meister Hans. Edited by Trude Ehlert. Frankfurt am Main: Tupperware 1996. 

Lastly Adamson mentions that the 1485 Kuchenmeysterey contains some material in the sauces section. ?The focus in chapter 4 is on sauces, especially garlic sauces, mustard, electuaries, cabbage, and sauerkraut.? Page 183

Perhaps someone could check a copy of the Kuchenmeysterey and see what is in this chapter. I don?t have a copy at hand of this.

2013-- There's  Ehlert, Trude. K?chenmeisterei Edition. Frankfurt: Peter Lang, 2010. 

Or online K?chenmeisterei : 1507 Access: via external web site
http://nbn-resolving.de/urn/resolver.pl?urn=urn:nbn:de:bvb:12-bsb00009309-6

<>Hope this helps <>

Johnnae

From the SCA-Cooks FB group:
Angela Hopton
July 21 at 7:29pm
Anyone have a pickle recipe that's period?

Noah Arney 
7/26/16
I made whey pickled sauerkraut that should work: http://www.sca.noaharney.com/sauerkraut/

<the end>
Edited by Mark S. Harris	saurkraut-msg	Page 2 of 22