fruitcakes-msg - 6/12/09 ਀ഊPeriod fruitcakes. Recipes. ਀ഊNOTE: See also the files: Cndied-Ginger-art, cakes-msg, candied-fruit-msg, candied-peels-msg, Cft-Banquets-art, Great-Cake-art, Sugarplums-art, lebkuchen-msg, gingerbread-msg. ਀ഊ************************************************************************ ਀一伀吀䤀䌀䔀 ⴀഊ ਀吀栀椀猀 昀椀氀攀 椀猀 愀 挀漀氀氀攀挀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 瘀愀爀椀漀甀猀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀 栀愀瘀椀渀最 愀 挀漀洀洀漀渀 琀栀攀洀攀 琀栀愀琀 䤀 栀愀瘀攀 挀漀氀氀攀挀琀攀搀 昀爀漀洀 洀礀 爀攀愀搀椀渀最 漀昀 琀栀攀 瘀愀爀椀漀甀猀 挀漀洀瀀甀琀攀爀 渀攀琀眀漀爀欀猀⸀ 匀漀洀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀 搀愀琀攀 戀愀挀欀 琀漀 ㄀㤀㠀㤀Ⰰ 猀漀洀攀 洀愀礀 戀攀 愀猀 爀攀挀攀渀琀 愀猀 礀攀猀琀攀爀搀愀礀⸀ഊ ਀吀栀椀猀 昀椀氀攀 椀猀 瀀愀爀琀 漀昀 愀 挀漀氀氀攀挀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 昀椀氀攀猀 挀愀氀氀攀搀 匀琀攀昀愀渀✀猀 䘀氀漀爀椀氀攀最椀甀洀⸀ 吀栀攀猀攀 昀椀氀攀猀 愀爀攀 愀瘀愀椀氀愀戀氀攀 漀渀 琀栀攀 䤀渀琀攀爀渀攀琀 愀琀㨀 栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀昀氀漀爀椀氀攀最椀甀洀⸀漀爀最ഊ ਀䤀 栀愀瘀攀 搀漀渀攀 愀 氀椀洀椀琀攀搀 愀洀漀甀渀琀 漀昀 攀搀椀琀椀渀最⸀ 䴀攀猀猀愀最攀猀 栀愀瘀椀渀最 琀漀 搀漀 眀椀琀栀 猀攀瀀愀爀愀琀攀 琀漀瀀椀挀猀 眀攀爀攀 猀漀洀攀琀椀洀攀猀 猀瀀氀椀琀 椀渀琀漀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀 昀椀氀攀猀 愀渀搀 猀漀洀攀琀椀洀攀猀 攀砀琀爀愀渀攀漀甀猀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 眀愀猀 爀攀洀漀瘀攀搀⸀ 䘀漀爀 椀渀猀琀愀渀挀攀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀 䤀䐀猀 眀攀爀攀 爀攀洀漀瘀攀搀 琀漀 猀愀瘀攀 猀瀀愀挀攀 愀渀搀 爀攀洀漀瘀攀 挀氀甀琀琀攀爀⸀ഊ ਀吀栀攀 挀漀洀洀攀渀琀猀 洀愀搀攀 椀渀 琀栀攀猀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀 愀爀攀 渀漀琀 渀攀挀攀猀猀愀爀椀氀礀 洀礀 瘀椀攀眀瀀漀椀渀琀猀⸀ 䤀 洀愀欀攀 渀漀 挀氀愀椀洀猀 愀猀 琀漀 琀栀攀 愀挀挀甀爀愀挀礀 漀昀 琀栀攀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 最椀瘀攀渀 戀礀 琀栀攀 椀渀搀椀瘀椀搀甀愀氀 愀甀琀栀漀爀猀⸀ഊ ਀倀氀攀愀猀攀 爀攀猀瀀攀挀琀 琀栀攀 琀椀洀攀 愀渀搀 攀昀昀漀爀琀猀 漀昀 琀栀漀猀攀 眀栀漀 栀愀瘀攀 眀爀椀琀琀攀渀 琀栀攀猀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀⸀ 吀栀攀 挀漀瀀礀爀椀最栀琀 猀琀愀琀甀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀猀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀 椀猀 甀渀挀氀攀愀爀 愀琀 琀栀椀猀 琀椀洀攀⸀ 䤀昀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 椀猀 瀀甀戀氀椀猀栀攀搀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀猀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀Ⰰ 瀀氀攀愀猀攀 最椀瘀攀 挀爀攀搀椀琀 琀漀 琀栀攀 漀爀椀最椀渀愀琀漀爀⠀猀⤀⸀ഊ ਀吀栀愀渀欀 礀漀甀Ⰰഊ Mark S. Harris AKA: THLord Stefan li Rous ਀                                          匀琀攀昀愀渀 愀琀 昀氀漀爀椀氀攀最椀甀洀⸀漀爀最ഊ************************************************************************ ਀ഊDate: Sun, 28 Sep 1997 18:11:31 -0400 ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 倀栀椀氀椀瀀 ☀ 匀甀猀愀渀 吀爀漀礀 㰀琀爀漀礀 愀琀 愀猀愀渀⸀挀漀洀㸀ഊSubject: Re: SC - Re: Gunthar, look at this ਀ഊPersonally, I didn't pick up on the request ਀昀漀爀 椀渀昀漀 漀渀 昀爀甀椀琀挀愀欀攀猀 愀渀搀⼀漀爀 瀀氀甀洀 瀀甀搀搀椀渀最 椀渀 瀀攀爀椀漀搀 昀漀爀 猀攀瘀攀爀愀氀ഊreasons. The dark plum pudding that became symbolic of Victorian England ਀椀猀 瀀爀攀琀琀礀 洀甀挀栀 琀栀愀琀㨀 嘀椀挀琀漀爀椀愀渀⸀ 吀栀攀爀攀 愀爀攀 瘀愀爀椀漀甀猀 猀琀攀愀洀攀搀 戀愀最 瀀甀搀搀椀渀最猀ഊin very late and post period, but their resemblance to plum pudding is ਀猀甀瀀攀爀昀椀挀椀愀氀 愀琀 戀攀猀琀⸀ഊ ਀䄀猀 昀漀爀 昀爀甀椀琀挀愀欀攀猀Ⰰ 愀最愀椀渀Ⰰ 眀栀椀氀攀 琀栀攀爀攀 愀爀攀 猀攀瘀攀爀愀氀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀猀 昀爀漀洀 瘀攀爀礀 氀愀琀攀ഊand post-period, they don't resemble modern fruitcake very much. The ਀挀氀漀猀攀猀琀 礀漀甀✀氀氀 昀椀渀搀 琀漀 瀀攀爀椀漀搀 昀爀甀椀琀挀愀欀攀 ⠀愀 挀漀渀挀攀瀀琀甀愀氀氀礀 搀甀戀椀漀甀猀 琀攀爀洀⤀ 椀猀ഊItalian pannetone, or Spanish or Latin American pan dolce with fruit. ਀吀栀攀爀攀 洀椀最栀琀 戀攀 愀 洀漀搀攀爀渀 昀漀爀洀 漀昀 戀爀椀漀挀栀攀 眀椀琀栀 爀愀椀猀椀渀猀 琀栀愀琀 洀椀最栀琀 挀漀洀攀ഊclose too. ਀ഊGenerally any leavened bread dough with some butter and raisins or ਀挀甀爀爀愀渀琀猀 椀渀 椀琀Ⰰ 瀀漀猀猀椀戀氀礀 眀椀琀栀 猀漀洀攀 最爀愀琀攀搀 猀瀀椀挀攀 漀爀 漀琀栀攀爀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 愀 最氀愀稀椀渀最ഊof sugar on top, is pretty much what would have been known as "cake" in ਀瀀攀爀椀漀搀⸀ 圀椀琀栀漀甀琀 琀栀攀 昀爀甀椀琀Ⰰ 漀昀 挀漀甀爀猀攀Ⰰ 椀琀 眀愀猀 猀椀洀瀀氀礀 戀爀攀愀搀⸀ 嘀椀爀琀甀愀氀氀礀ഊnone of the dark, brown, fruity masses with a hit of hard liquor existed ਀椀渀 瀀攀爀椀漀搀Ⰰ 猀漀 昀愀爀 愀猀 䤀 欀渀漀眀⸀ഊ ਀䄀搀愀洀愀渀琀椀甀猀ഊ ਀ഊDate: Tue, 14 Oct 1997 14:01:14 SAST-2 ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 ∀䤀愀渀 瘀愀渀 吀攀琀猀∀ 㰀䤀嘀䄀一吀䔀吀匀 愀琀 戀漀琀稀漀漀⸀甀挀琀⸀愀挀⸀稀愀㸀ഊSubject: SC - Bread/beer/yeast ਀ഊButting in again about breadmaking. I generally don't make bread ਀昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 礀攀愀猀琀 椀渀 琀栀攀 戀漀琀琀漀洀 漀昀 琀栀攀 戀漀琀琀氀攀Ⰰ 漀渀氀礀 愀昀琀攀爀 戀漀琀琀氀椀渀最 戀攀攀爀 ഊand having the lees to use up. After one or two appalling disasters, ਀䤀 眀漀甀氀搀 猀琀爀漀渀最氀礀 爀攀挀漀洀洀攀渀搀 渀漀琀 甀猀椀渀最 猀琀漀甀琀 戀愀爀洀 漀爀 戀椀琀琀攀爀 戀愀爀洀 昀漀爀 ഊbread. It makes stuff that is virtually inedible. If you don't brew ਀礀漀甀爀猀攀氀昀Ⰰ 琀爀礀 琀漀 挀漀渀瘀椀渀挀攀 礀漀甀爀 昀愀瘀漀甀爀椀琀攀 戀爀攀眀攀爀 琀漀 洀愀欀攀 愀氀攀 漀爀 愀 ഊlight beer. The stuff that's left in the bottom of the bottles ਀最攀渀攀爀愀氀氀礀 猀椀琀猀 椀渀 洀礀 昀爀椀搀最攀 ⠀渀漀琀 洀漀爀攀 琀栀愀渀 愀 眀攀攀欀 漀爀 猀漀⤀ 愀渀搀 甀猀攀搀 椀渀 ഊsauces (eg. over sausages) or (my favourite) Skye Cake, which is a ਀匀挀漀琀猀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀 昀漀爀 昀爀甀椀琀挀愀欀攀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 搀爀椀攀搀 昀爀甀椀琀 猀漀愀欀攀搀 漀瘀攀爀渀椀最栀琀 椀渀 ഊbeer first. I do usually use baking soda (1/2 quantity from normal), ਀戀甀琀 琀栀椀渀欀 琀栀愀琀 愀 礀攀愀猀琀ⴀ爀椀猀攀渀 瘀攀爀猀椀漀渀 眀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 瀀攀爀昀攀挀琀氀礀 愀挀挀攀瀀琀愀戀氀攀⸀ഊ ਀䌀愀椀爀椀猀琀椀漀渀愀ഊ***************************************************** ਀䐀爀⸀ 䤀愀渀 瘀愀渀 吀攀琀猀ഊDept. of Zoology ਀唀渀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀 漀昀 䌀愀瀀攀 吀漀眀渀ഊ ਀ഊDate: Sat, 18 Dec 1999 19:28:02 -0600 ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 ∀䐀攀挀欀攀爀Ⰰ 吀攀爀爀礀 䐀⸀∀ 㰀吀攀爀爀礀䐀 愀琀 䠀攀愀氀琀栀⸀匀琀愀琀攀⸀伀䬀⸀唀匀㸀ഊSubject: RE: SC - Hi ਀ഊ> BTW guys are fruitcakes period??? ਀㸀 倀攀氀搀礀渀ഊ ਀倀愀渀昀漀爀琀攀 椀猀 ㄀㌀琀栀 䌀攀渀琀甀爀礀 ⠀䤀䤀刀䌀⤀⸀  倀愀渀愀琀漀渀渀攀 椀猀 瀀爀漀戀愀戀氀礀 氀愀琀攀 瀀攀爀椀漀搀⸀  吀栀攀爀攀ഊare some Elizabethean "cakes" with fruit worked into the dough. So I would ਀猀愀礀 琀栀愀琀 猀漀洀攀 琀礀瀀攀猀 漀昀 昀爀甀椀琀挀愀欀攀猀 愀爀攀 瀀攀爀椀漀搀Ⰰ 戀甀琀 琀栀攀 昀爀甀椀琀挀愀欀攀 礀漀甀 愀爀攀ഊreferring to may not be. ਀ഊBear ਀ഊ ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 䴀漀渀Ⰰ ㈀　 䐀攀挀 ㄀㤀㤀㤀 　㘀㨀㔀㔀㨀㌀㠀 ⴀ　㘀　　ഊFrom: "Decker, Terry D." ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 刀䔀㨀 匀䌀 ⴀ 䠀椀ഊ ਀㸀 一漀 漀渀攀 栀愀猀ഊ> yet sent a "period" recipe in my request for fruit cakes. Anyone know ਀㸀 眀栀攀爀攀 琀栀攀爀攀✀猀 愀 栀椀猀琀漀爀椀挀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀 昀漀爀 瀀愀渀昀漀爀琀攀㼀 伀爀 椀猀 椀琀 樀甀猀琀 搀攀猀挀爀椀戀攀搀ഊ> in literature? ਀㸀ഊ> Anahita al-shazhiya ਀ഊPanforte is supposedly listed in the rents of an Italian monastery. No ਀爀攀挀椀瀀攀⸀ഊ ਀䈀攀愀爀ഊ ਀ഊDate: Sun, 28 Nov 2004 21:26:05 -0600 ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 ∀吀攀爀爀礀 䐀攀挀欀攀爀∀ 㰀琀⸀搀⸀搀攀挀欀攀爀 愀琀 眀漀爀氀搀渀攀琀⸀愀琀琀⸀渀攀琀㸀ഊSubject: Re: [Sca-cooks] Fruitcakes in Period? ਀吀漀㨀 ∀䌀漀漀欀猀 眀椀琀栀椀渀 琀栀攀 匀䌀䄀∀ 㰀猀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀 愀琀 愀渀猀琀攀漀爀爀愀⸀漀爀最㸀ഊ ਀䄀䘀䄀䤀䬀Ⰰ 瀀愀渀昀漀爀琀攀 椀猀 琀栀攀 攀愀爀氀椀攀猀琀 䔀甀爀漀瀀攀愀渀 昀爀甀椀琀挀愀欀攀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 昀椀爀猀琀 爀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀ഊin the 13th Century. There are no recipes. The modern version is honey, ਀猀瀀椀挀攀猀Ⰰ 搀爀椀攀搀 昀爀甀椀琀猀 愀渀搀 渀甀琀猀 眀椀琀栀 愀 氀椀琀琀氀攀 昀氀漀甀爀 愀猀 愀 戀椀渀搀椀渀最 愀最攀渀琀⸀  䤀琀 椀猀ഊsimilar to the later recipes for lebkuchen and gingerbread. Pantonne is a ਀氀椀琀琀氀攀 氀愀琀攀爀⸀  䤀琀✀猀 搀椀昀昀椀挀甀氀琀 琀漀 瀀氀愀挀攀Ⰰ 戀甀琀 昀爀漀洀 眀栀愀琀 䤀✀瘀攀 戀攀攀渀 愀戀氀攀 琀漀ഊfind, I believe the origins are toward the end of period. Again, no ਀爀攀挀椀瀀攀猀⸀ഊ ਀䈀攀愀爀ഊ ਀㸀 䄀氀氀 琀栀椀猀 猀攀洀椀ⴀ猀攀爀椀漀甀猀 昀爀甀椀琀 挀愀欀攀 搀椀猀挀甀猀猀椀漀渀 栀愀猀 最漀琀琀攀渀 洀攀 琀漀 琀栀椀渀欀椀渀最⸀  䐀漀ഊ> we have a period recipe for fruit cake and, if there are as I suspect ਀㸀 猀攀瘀攀爀愀氀Ⰰ 眀栀愀琀 椀猀 琀栀攀 攀愀爀氀椀攀猀琀 挀氀攀愀爀氀礀 椀搀攀渀琀椀昀椀愀戀氀攀 䔀甀爀漀瀀攀愀渀 昀爀甀椀琀 挀愀欀攀ഊ> recipe? ਀㸀ഊ> Daniel ਀ഊ ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 䘀爀椀Ⰰ ㌀ 䐀攀挀 ㈀　　㐀 ㄀㐀㨀　㄀㨀㌀㘀 ⴀ　㔀　　ഊFrom: "Phil Troy / G. Tacitus Adamantius" ਀ऀ㰀愀搀愀洀愀渀琀椀甀猀⸀洀愀最椀猀琀攀爀 愀琀 瘀攀爀椀稀漀渀⸀渀攀琀㸀ഊSubject: RE: [Sca-cooks] Useful things to do with fruitcake ਀吀漀㨀 䌀漀漀欀猀 眀椀琀栀椀渀 琀栀攀 匀䌀䄀 㰀猀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀 愀琀 愀渀猀琀攀漀爀爀愀⸀漀爀最㸀ഊ ਀䄀氀猀漀 猀瀀爀愀挀栀 䴀椀挀愀礀氀愀栀㨀ഊ> Sherry is also another alcohol to consider. I don't think I would recommend ਀㸀 愀挀琀甀愀氀氀礀 瀀甀琀琀椀渀最 椀琀 椀渀 琀栀攀 挀愀欀攀 愀猀 漀渀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 椀渀最爀攀搀猀Ⰰ 戀甀琀 琀漀 洀愀爀椀渀愀搀攀 琀栀攀ഊ> fruits, and for cheesecloth soaking, it sounds like it would be very good. ਀㸀 夀䴀䴀嘀ഊ> ਀㸀 䴀椀挀愀礀氀愀栀ഊ ਀伀欀愀礀Ⰰ 猀漀 琀栀椀猀 漀渀攀 甀猀攀猀 猀愀挀欀⸀ 䌀氀漀猀攀 攀渀漀甀最栀Ⰰ 䤀䴀伀⸀ 䤀琀 愀氀猀漀 甀猀攀猀 漀渀氀礀ഊraisins and currants, but in profusion, and I don't think it suffers ਀昀漀爀 椀琀⸀ഊ ਀䄀一伀吀䠀䔀刀 嘀䔀刀夀 䜀伀伀䐀 䌀䄀䬀䔀ഊ ਀吀愀欀攀 昀漀甀爀 焀甀愀爀琀猀 漀昀 昀椀渀攀 昀氀漀眀攀爀Ⰰ 琀眀漀 瀀漀甀渀搀 愀渀搀 栀愀氀昀 漀昀 戀甀琀琀攀爀Ⰰ 琀栀爀攀攀ഊquarters of a pound of Sugar, four Nutmegs; a little Mace; a pound of ਀䄀氀洀漀渀搀猀 昀椀渀攀氀礀 戀攀愀琀攀渀Ⰰ 栀愀氀昀 愀 瀀椀渀琀 漀昀 匀愀挀欀Ⰰ 愀 瀀椀渀琀 漀昀 最漀漀搀 䄀氀攀ⴀ礀攀猀琀Ⰰഊa pint of boiled Cream, twelve yolks, and four whites of Eggs; four ਀瀀漀甀渀搀 漀昀 䌀甀爀爀愀渀琀猀⸀ 圀栀攀渀 礀漀甀 栀愀瘀攀 眀爀漀甀最栀琀 愀氀氀 琀栀攀猀攀 椀渀琀漀 愀 瘀攀爀礀 昀椀渀攀ഊpast, let it be kept warm before the fire half an hour, before you ਀猀攀琀 椀琀 椀渀琀漀 琀栀攀 漀瘀攀渀⸀ 䤀昀 礀漀甀 瀀氀攀愀猀攀Ⰰ 礀漀甀 洀愀礀 瀀甀琀 椀渀琀漀 椀琀Ⰰ 琀眀漀 瀀漀甀渀搀ഊof Raisins of the Sun stoned and quartered. Let your oven be of a ਀琀攀洀瀀攀爀愀琀攀 栀攀愀琀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 氀攀琀 礀漀甀爀 䌀愀欀攀 猀琀愀渀搀 琀栀攀爀攀椀渀 琀眀漀 栀漀甀爀猀 愀渀搀 愀 栀愀氀昀Ⰰഊbefore you Ice it; and afterwards only to harden the Ice. The Ice for ਀琀栀椀猀 䌀愀欀攀 椀猀 洀愀搀攀 琀栀甀猀㨀 吀愀欀攀 琀栀攀 眀栀椀琀攀猀 漀昀 琀栀爀攀攀 渀攀眀 氀愀椀搀 䔀最最猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀ഊthree quarters of a pound of fine Sugar finely beaten; beat it well ਀琀漀最攀琀栀攀爀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 眀栀椀琀攀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䔀最最猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 椀挀攀 琀栀攀 䌀愀欀攀⸀ 䤀昀 礀漀甀 瀀氀攀愀猀攀ഊyou may add a little Musk or Ambergreece. ਀ऀⴀⴀ吀栀攀 䌀氀漀猀攀琀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䔀洀椀渀攀渀琀氀礀 䰀攀愀爀渀攀搀 匀椀爀 䬀攀渀攀氀洀 䐀椀最戀礀ⰀഊKnight, Opened, etc., London, 1669 ਀ഊDoes anybody besides Andrea MacIntyre remember the 12th Night ਀猀甀戀琀氀攀琀礀 琀栀椀渀最礀 椀渀 一漀爀搀攀渀栀愀氀氀 愀 昀攀眀 礀攀愀爀猀 愀最漀㼀 吀栀椀猀 眀愀猀 洀礀 攀渀琀爀礀Ⰰ 猀漀ഊit's conceivable somebody here may remember eating this. ਀ഊAdamantius ਀ഊ ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 吀甀攀Ⰰ ㈀㐀 䘀攀戀 ㈀　　㤀 ㄀㄀㨀　　㨀㌀㠀 ⴀ　㔀　　ഊFrom: Johnna Holloway ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 刀攀㨀 嬀匀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀崀 倀愀渀挀愀欀攀猀 愀渀搀 䘀爀甀椀琀挀愀欀攀猀 眀愀猀 䠀愀瀀瀀礀 匀栀爀漀瘀攀⼀䘀愀琀ഊ Tuesday ਀吀漀㨀 琀最爀挀愀琀㈀　　㄀ 愀琀 礀愀栀漀漀⸀挀漀洀Ⰰ 䌀漀漀欀猀 眀椀琀栀椀渀 琀栀攀 匀䌀䄀ഊ ਀ഊCat . wrote: ਀㰀㰀㰀 伀渀 琀栀攀 漀琀栀攀爀 琀漀瀀椀挀Ⰰ 礀漀甀爀 搀椀猀挀甀猀猀椀漀渀 最漀琀 洀攀 挀甀爀椀漀甀猀 樀甀猀琀 栀漀眀 昀愀爀 戀愀挀欀 昀爀甀椀琀 挀愀欀攀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀猀 最漀⸀  䤀昀 䤀 栀愀搀 琀漀 瀀椀挀欀 愀 挀漀甀渀琀爀礀 栀漀眀 愀戀漀甀琀 䔀渀最氀椀猀栀㼀  愀渀礀 漀渀氀椀渀攀 氀攀愀搀猀㼀 㸀㸀㸀ഊ ਀䐀攀瀀攀渀搀猀 漀渀 栀漀眀 洀甀挀栀 昀爀甀椀琀 愀渀搀 眀栀愀琀 琀礀瀀攀 漀昀 挀愀欀攀 䤀 猀甀瀀瀀漀猀攀 椀渀 瀀愀爀琀⸀ഊThey show up titled as great cakes. Then there are the questions as to: ਀䴀椀砀攀搀 昀爀甀椀琀猀㼀 刀椀猀椀渀最 愀最攀渀琀猀 戀攀椀渀最 攀最最猀Ⰰ 愀氀攀 戀愀爀洀Ⰰ 礀攀愀猀琀Ⰰ 漀爀 戀愀欀椀渀最 ഊpowders/sodas??? ਀ഊMWBoC has this one-- pounds of currants and eggs and ale barm. ਀ഊS 151 TO MAKE A *GREAT* *CAKE* ਀ഊTake a peck of flower & put to it 10 eggs beaten; take out 3 of ye ਀眀栀椀琀攀猀⸀ 倀甀琀 椀渀 渀甀琀洀攀最Ⰰ 挀椀渀渀愀洀漀渀搀Ⰰ 挀氀漀瘀攀猀Ⰰ ☀ 洀愀挀攀Ⰰ 漀昀 攀愀挀栀 愀 焀甀愀爀琀攀爀 漀昀 ഊan ounce; A full quart of Ale barme, & mingle with ye flower two pound ਀漀昀 昀爀攀猀栀 戀甀琀琀攀爀⸀ 圀栀攀渀 椀琀ഊallmoste kneaded, put in 6 spoonfulls of hot water to it, & 10 pounds of ਀挀甀爀爀愀渀猀Ⰰ ☀ 栀愀氀昀攀 愀 瀀漀甀渀搀 漀昀 猀甀最愀爀 戀攀愀琀攀渀⸀ 䰀攀琀 椀琀 氀礀 戀礀 礀攀 昀椀爀攀 琀漀 爀椀猀攀Ⰰ ഊ& then bake it. ਀ഊ*Martha Washington's Booke of Cookery*. pp.315 ਀ഊThis would be Tudor-Jacobean. My version of the recipe is in the ਀䘀氀漀爀椀氀攀最椀甀洀⸀ഊ ਀䨀漀栀渀渀愀攀ഊ ਀ഊDate: Tue, 24 Feb 2009 11:40:00 -0500 ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 ∀倀栀椀氀 吀爀漀礀 ⼀ 䜀⸀ 吀愀挀椀琀甀猀 䄀搀愀洀愀渀琀椀甀猀∀ 㰀愀搀愀洀愀渀琀椀甀猀㄀ 愀琀 瘀攀爀椀稀漀渀⸀渀攀琀㸀ഊSubject: Re: [Sca-cooks] Pancakes and Fruitcakes was Happy Shrove/Fat ਀ऀ吀甀攀猀搀愀礀ഊTo: Cooks within the SCA ਀ഊOn Feb 24, 2009, at 11:00 AM, Johnna Holloway wrote: ਀㰀㰀㰀 䐀攀瀀攀渀搀猀 漀渀 栀漀眀 洀甀挀栀 昀爀甀椀琀 愀渀搀 眀栀愀琀 琀礀瀀攀 漀昀 挀愀欀攀 䤀 猀甀瀀瀀漀猀攀 椀渀 瀀愀爀琀⸀ഊThey show up titled as great cakes. Then there are the questions as ਀琀漀㨀ഊMixed fruits? Rising agents being eggs, ale barm, yeast, or baking ਀瀀漀眀搀攀爀猀⼀猀漀搀愀猀㼀㼀㼀ഊ ਀䴀圀䈀漀䌀 栀愀猀 琀栀椀猀 漀渀攀ⴀⴀ 瀀漀甀渀搀猀 漀昀 挀甀爀爀愀渀琀猀 愀渀搀 攀最最猀 愀渀搀 愀氀攀 戀愀爀洀⸀ 㸀㸀㸀ഊ ਀䤀✀洀 瀀爀攀琀琀礀 猀甀爀攀 䐀椀最戀礀Ⰰ 愀琀 氀攀愀猀琀Ⰰ 栀愀猀 愀 猀椀洀椀氀愀爀 漀渀攀Ⰰ 眀椀琀栀 挀甀爀爀愀渀琀猀Ⰰ  ഊeggs, butter, spices, sack, ale barm... and I think a small amount of ਀愀氀洀漀渀搀 洀攀愀氀 洀椀砀攀搀 椀渀⸀ഊ ਀䤀 挀愀渀✀琀 昀椀渀搀 漀渀攀 椀渀 䜀攀爀瘀愀猀攀 䴀愀爀欀栀愀洀✀猀 吀栀攀 䔀渀最氀椀猀栀 䠀漀甀猀攀眀椀昀攀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀  ഊsurprises me. Will check Hugh Plat later. ਀ഊAdamantius ਀ഊ ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 吀甀攀Ⰰ ㈀㐀 䘀攀戀 ㈀　　㤀 ㄀㘀㨀㔀㠀㨀㔀　 ⬀　　　　ഊFrom: jenn.strobel at gmail.com ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 刀攀㨀 嬀匀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀崀 倀愀渀挀愀欀攀猀 愀渀搀 䘀爀甀椀琀挀愀欀攀猀 眀愀猀 䠀愀瀀瀀礀 匀栀爀漀瘀攀⼀䘀愀琀ഊ Tuesday ਀吀漀㨀 䌀漀漀欀猀 眀椀琀栀椀渀 琀栀攀 匀䌀䄀 㰀猀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀 愀琀 氀椀猀琀猀⸀愀渀猀琀攀漀爀爀愀⸀漀爀最㸀ഊ ਀䄀 昀攀眀 礀攀愀爀猀 愀最漀Ⰰ 䤀✀搀 搀漀渀攀 猀漀洀攀 爀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀 椀渀琀漀 昀爀甀椀琀挀愀欀攀 愀渀搀 眀栀愀琀 䤀 昀漀甀渀搀 眀愀猀  ഊthat there were a few things that could be interpreted as fruitcake. The ਀昀爀甀椀琀挀愀欀攀 琀栀愀琀 眀攀✀爀攀 愀氀氀 昀愀洀椀氀椀愀爀 眀椀琀栀 眀愀猀 攀猀猀攀渀琀椀愀氀氀礀 愀 嘀椀挀琀漀爀椀愀渀  ഊcreation, there's not really a straight line from a cake that was ਀搀漀挀甀洀攀渀琀攀搀 搀甀爀椀渀最 琀栀攀 洀椀搀搀氀攀 愀最攀猀 漀爀 爀攀渀愀椀猀猀愀渀挀攀⸀ 吀栀攀 挀漀洀瀀氀攀琀攀 昀爀甀椀琀挀愀欀攀  ഊdocumentation is located at ਀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀洀攀搀椀攀瘀愀氀挀漀漀欀椀渀最⸀漀爀最⼀愀攀猀琀攀氀昀爀甀椀琀挀愀欀攀⸀搀漀挀 椀昀 礀漀甀 眀愀渀琀 琀漀 樀甀洀瀀  ഊstraight to the long play extended remix of the information below. ਀ഊMy understanding of cake during our period of study is that it wasn't what ਀眀攀✀搀 甀渀搀攀爀猀琀愀渀搀 愀猀 挀愀欀攀 渀漀眀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀 椀渀瘀漀氀瘀攀猀 愀爀琀椀昀椀挀椀愀氀 氀攀瘀攀渀攀爀猀 椀渀 漀爀搀攀爀 琀漀  ഊget the volume and crumb. "Cake" would have been something that we'd ਀愀猀猀漀挀椀愀琀攀 挀氀漀猀攀猀琀 眀椀琀栀 愀 ∀挀漀漀欀椀攀∀Ⰰ 猀洀愀氀氀椀猀栀 愀渀搀 渀漀琀 瘀攀爀礀 爀椀猀攀渀⸀ 圀栀攀渀 䤀 搀椀搀  ഊmy research, I was looking for something that was more like modern cake ਀琀栀愀渀 洀攀搀椀攀瘀愀氀 挀愀欀攀Ⰰ 猀漀 渀漀眀 礀漀甀 栀愀瘀攀 琀栀攀 戀椀愀猀 漀昀 洀礀 爀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀⸀ഊ ਀ 䘀爀漀洀 䔀氀椀渀漀爀 䘀攀琀琀椀瀀氀愀挀攀✀猀 刀攀挀攀椀瀀琀 䈀漀漀欀㨀ഊTake a peck of flower, and fower pound of currance, one ounce of Cinamon, ਀栀愀氀昀 愀渀 漀甀渀挀攀 漀昀 最椀渀最攀爀Ⰰ 琀眀漀 渀甀琀洀攀最猀Ⰰ 漀昀 挀氀漀瘀攀猀 愀渀搀 洀愀挀攀 琀眀漀 瀀攀渀椀眀漀爀琀栀Ⰰ 漀昀  ഊbutter one pound, mingle your spice and flower & fruit together, put as ਀洀甀挀栀 戀愀爀洀攀 愀猀 攀椀氀氀 洀愀欀攀 椀琀 氀椀最栀琀Ⰰ 琀栀攀渀 琀愀欀攀 最漀漀搀 䄀氀攀 ☀ 瀀甀琀 礀漀甀爀 戀甀琀琀攀爀 漀渀  ഊit, all saving a little, which you must put in the milk, & let the milk ਀戀漀礀氀攀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 戀甀琀琀攀爀Ⰰ 琀栀攀渀 洀愀欀攀 愀 瀀漀猀猀攀琀 眀椀琀栀 椀琀Ⰰ ☀ 琀攀洀瀀攀爀 琀栀攀 䌀愀欀攀 眀椀琀栀  ഊthe posset drink & curd & all together, & put some sugar in & so bake it. ਀ഊThis is more of a currant spice bread that is really delicious, but isn't ਀焀甀椀琀攀 爀椀最栀琀⸀ഊ ਀ 䘀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 䰀椀戀爀漀 一漀瘀漀㨀ഊTake three pounds of candied citron cut very finely, five pounds skimmed ਀栀漀渀攀礀Ⰰ 昀椀瘀攀 攀椀最栀琀猀 漀昀 愀渀 漀甀渀挀攀 漀昀 瀀攀瀀瀀攀爀Ⰰ 漀渀攀 猀挀爀甀瀀氀攀 漀昀 猀愀昀昀爀漀渀Ⰰ 琀栀爀攀攀  ഊquarters of an ounce of cinnamon, three grains of musk, and enough flour ਀琀栀愀琀 椀琀 眀椀氀氀 栀漀氀搀 愀氀氀 琀栀攀猀攀 琀漀最攀琀栀攀爀⸀ 䴀愀欀攀 琀栀攀 䴀漀猀琀愀稀稀漀氀椀 氀愀爀最攀 漀爀 猀洀愀氀氀 愀猀  ഊyou would like them to be. You will bake them as you would pampapati. ਀ഊMistress Rachaol MakCreith found a reference to pampapati in Waverly ਀刀漀漀琀✀猀 ∀吀栀攀 䘀漀漀搀 漀昀 䤀琀愀氀礀∀Ⰰ 猀攀渀琀 椀琀 琀漀 洀攀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 䤀 爀愀渀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀⸀ഊ ਀吀栀攀 爀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 椀猀㨀 㼀吀栀攀 䌀栀爀椀猀琀洀愀猀ⴀ一攀眀 夀攀愀爀猀 栀漀氀椀搀愀礀猀 愀爀攀 洀愀爀欀攀搀 戀礀 琀栀攀  ഊappearance in pastry-shop windows of pampepato di ciccolato, a very old ਀䘀攀爀爀愀爀攀猀攀 猀眀攀攀琀⸀ 䤀琀 椀猀 愀 挀愀欀攀 洀愀搀攀 漀昀 昀氀漀甀爀Ⰰ 挀漀挀漀愀Ⰰ 洀椀氀欀Ⰰ 栀漀渀攀礀 ⠀猀甀最愀爀 椀昀  ഊhoney is not at hand), pepper, spices, almonds, and lemon peel with ਀挀栀漀挀漀氀愀琀攀 昀爀漀猀琀椀渀最 瀀漀眀搀攀爀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 猀甀最愀爀 愀渀搀 琀椀渀礀 挀愀渀搀椀攀猀⸀ 䤀琀 椀猀 漀昀 愀渀挀椀攀渀琀  ഊlineage. Duke Borso d?Este served pampapati at a banquet on November 11, ਀㄀㐀㘀㔀Ⰰ 洀愀欀椀渀最 琀栀攀洀 攀砀挀攀瀀琀椀漀渀愀氀氀礀 愀瀀瀀攀琀椀稀椀渀最 戀礀 椀渀猀攀爀琀椀渀最 愀 最漀氀搀 瀀椀攀挀攀 椀渀  ഊeach." ਀ഊEven in my own creation of a pampapato recipe includes baking soda, ਀猀漀洀攀琀栀椀渀最 琀栀愀琀 漀甀爀 洀攀搀椀攀瘀愀氀 挀漀甀渀琀攀爀瀀愀爀琀猀 眀漀甀氀搀 渀漀琀 栀愀瘀攀 栀愀搀 愀挀挀攀猀猀 琀漀⸀ 圀栀愀琀  ഊI need to do is go back, not use any levener whatsoever in one batch and ਀甀猀攀 戀愀欀椀渀最 愀洀洀漀渀椀愀 ⠀眀栀椀挀栀 眀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 洀漀爀攀 愀瀀瀀爀漀瀀爀椀愀琀攀 昀漀爀 漀甀爀 瀀攀爀椀漀搀 漀昀 猀琀甀搀礀  ഊas far as chemical leveners go). ਀ഊIf anyone else has done any research on fruitcake, or has points that I ਀洀椀猀猀攀搀⼀昀愀椀氀攀搀 琀漀 最攀琀⼀琀漀琀愀氀氀礀 猀挀爀攀眀攀搀 甀瀀Ⰰ 瀀氀攀愀猀攀 挀漀渀琀愀挀琀 洀攀⸀ 吀栀椀猀 瀀愀爀琀椀挀甀氀愀爀  ഊsubject is (obviously) one near and dear to my heart, but I haven't had the ਀琀椀洀攀 琀漀 爀攀瘀椀猀椀琀 眀栀愀琀 䤀 搀椀搀 氀漀 琀栀漀猀攀 洀愀渀礀 礀攀愀爀猀 愀最漀⸀ 一攀眀 愀渀搀 戀攀琀琀攀爀  ഊinformation is always welcome. ਀ഊOdriana vander Brugghe ਀ഊ ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 吀甀攀Ⰰ ㈀㐀 䘀攀戀 ㈀　　㤀 ㄀㈀㨀㐀㤀㨀㔀㔀 ⴀ　㔀　　ഊFrom: Johnna Holloway ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 刀攀㨀 嬀匀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀崀 䴀愀爀琀栀愀 圀愀猀栀椀渀最琀漀渀✀猀 䈀漀漀欀攀 眀愀猀 倀愀渀挀愀欀攀猀 愀渀搀ഊ Fruitcakes was Happy Shrove/Fat Tuesday ਀吀漀㨀 琀最爀挀愀琀㈀　　㄀ 愀琀 礀愀栀漀漀⸀挀漀洀Ⰰ 䌀漀漀欀猀 眀椀琀栀椀渀 琀栀攀 匀䌀䄀ഊ ਀ഊI don't suppose we can say it too often but Martha Washington's Booke of ਀䌀漀漀欀攀爀礀 眀愀猀 漀眀渀攀搀 戀礀 䴀愀爀琀栀愀 戀甀琀 眀愀猀渀✀琀 眀爀椀琀琀攀渀 戀礀 栀攀爀⸀ഊ ਀圀栀愀琀 眀攀 栀愀瘀攀 栀攀爀攀 愀爀攀 琀眀漀 挀甀氀椀渀愀爀礀 洀愀渀甀猀挀爀椀瀀琀猀 琀栀愀琀 愀爀攀 吀甀搀漀爀ⴀ䨀愀挀漀戀攀愀渀  ഊ(recipes dated circa 1580-1625) that were passed down in the family of Martha Washington's first husband. Martha rec'd the manuscripts when ਀猀栀攀 洀愀爀爀椀攀搀 䐀愀渀椀攀氀 䌀甀猀琀椀猀 椀渀 ㄀㜀㐀㤀⸀ 匀栀攀 欀攀瀀琀 琀栀攀 琀眀漀 洀愀渀甀猀挀爀椀瀀琀猀 甀渀琀椀氀 ഊshe gave them to Nelly Custis, her granddaughter in 1799. ਀吀栀攀 戀漀漀欀 椀猀 琀椀琀氀攀搀 琀栀攀 眀愀礀 椀琀 椀猀 戀攀挀愀甀猀攀 洀攀渀琀椀漀渀椀渀最 䴀愀爀琀栀愀 圀愀猀栀椀渀最琀漀渀ഊdraws attention to the volume and she was the most famous of the owners. ਀ഊKaren Hess transcribed the manuscripts and added helpful notes and commentary. One thing Hess did was mention contemporary recipes that are similar to the ones in the manuscripts. So she refers to Markham, Plat, Dawson, etc. The manuscripts are 'A Booke of Cookery' which has 206 recipes while 'A Booke of Sweetmeats' has 326 recipes. ਀䄀氀氀 椀渀 愀氀氀 愀 最爀攀愀琀 戀漀漀欀 琀漀 漀眀渀 昀漀爀 渀漀琀 漀渀氀礀 琀栀攀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀猀 戀甀琀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 戀椀戀氀椀漀最爀愀瀀栀礀 愀渀搀 愀氀氀 琀栀攀 渀漀琀攀猀⸀ 吀栀攀 戀漀漀欀 眀愀猀 昀椀爀猀琀 瀀甀戀氀椀猀栀攀搀 椀渀 ㄀㤀㠀㄀ 愀渀搀 爀攀洀愀椀渀猀 椀渀 瀀爀椀渀琀⸀ഊ ਀䨀漀栀渀渀愀攀ഊ ਀䌀愀琀 ⸀ 眀爀漀琀攀㨀ഊHi, that actually looks just about PERFECT with all the currants, but isnt it 'post period?' at least I thought Martha was 1700s... ਀ഊI realize I did not specify that I was looking for pre 1600, but that is the aim. ਀ഊPurr ਀䜀眀攀渀 最攀琀琀椀渀最 栀甀渀最爀礀 渀漀眀 䌀愀琀ഊ ਀ⴀⴀⴀ䨀漀栀渀渀愀攀 眀爀漀琀攀ⴀⴀⴀ猀渀椀瀀瀀攀搀ഊ ਀䴀圀䈀漀䌀 栀愀猀 琀栀椀猀 漀渀攀ⴀⴀ 瀀漀甀渀搀猀 漀昀 挀甀爀爀愀渀琀猀 愀渀搀 攀最最猀 愀渀搀 愀氀攀 戀愀爀洀⸀ഊ ਀匀 ㄀㔀㄀ 吀伀 䴀䄀䬀䔀 䄀 ⨀䜀刀䔀䄀吀⨀ ⨀䌀䄀䬀䔀⨀ഊ ਀⨀䴀愀爀琀栀愀 圀愀猀栀椀渀最琀漀渀✀猀 䈀漀漀欀攀 漀昀 䌀漀漀欀攀爀礀⨀⸀ 瀀瀀⸀㌀㄀㔀ഊ ਀吀栀椀猀 眀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 吀甀搀漀爀ⴀ䨀愀挀漀戀攀愀渀⸀ 䴀礀 瘀攀爀猀椀漀渀 漀昀 琀栀攀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀 椀猀 椀渀 琀栀攀 ഊFlorilegium. ਀ഊ ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 吀甀攀Ⰰ ㈀㐀 䘀攀戀 ㈀　　㤀 ㄀㈀㨀㔀㠀㨀㌀㌀ ⴀ　㔀　　ഊFrom: Elaine Koogler ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 刀攀㨀 嬀匀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀崀 倀愀渀挀愀欀攀猀 愀渀搀 䘀爀甀椀琀挀愀欀攀猀 眀愀猀 䠀愀瀀瀀礀 匀栀爀漀瘀攀⼀䘀愀琀ഊ Tuesday ਀吀漀㨀 䌀漀漀欀猀 眀椀琀栀椀渀 琀栀攀 匀䌀䄀 㰀猀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀 愀琀 氀椀猀琀猀⸀愀渀猀琀攀漀爀爀愀⸀漀爀最㸀ഊ ਀夀攀猀Ⰰ 琀栀攀爀攀 椀猀 漀渀攀⸀⸀⸀䤀 琀栀椀渀欀 椀琀✀猀 挀愀氀氀攀搀 ∀䄀渀漀琀栀攀爀 䘀椀渀攀 䌀愀欀攀∀⸀  䤀✀瘀攀 洀愀搀攀 椀琀ഊseveral times, but it seems to me that it's more of a spice cake than a ਀昀爀甀椀琀 挀愀欀攀Ⰰ 琀栀漀甀最栀 椀琀 搀漀攀猀 栀愀瘀攀 挀甀爀爀愀渀琀猀 椀渀 椀琀⸀ഊ ਀䬀椀爀椀ഊ ਀伀渀 吀甀攀Ⰰ 䘀攀戀 ㈀㐀Ⰰ ㈀　　㤀 愀琀 ㄀㄀㨀㐀　 䄀䴀Ⰰ 倀栀椀氀 吀爀漀礀 ⼀ 䜀⸀ 吀愀挀椀琀甀猀 䄀搀愀洀愀渀琀椀甀猀 㰀ഊadamantius1 at verizon.net> wrote: ਀㰀㰀㰀 䤀✀洀 瀀爀攀琀琀礀 猀甀爀攀 䐀椀最戀礀Ⰰ 愀琀 氀攀愀猀琀Ⰰ 栀愀猀 愀 猀椀洀椀氀愀爀 漀渀攀Ⰰ 眀椀琀栀 挀甀爀爀愀渀琀猀Ⰰ 攀最最猀Ⰰഊbutter, spices, sack, ale barm... and I think a small amount of almond meal ਀洀椀砀攀搀 椀渀⸀ഊ ਀䤀 挀愀渀✀琀 昀椀渀搀 漀渀攀 椀渀 䜀攀爀瘀愀猀攀 䴀愀爀欀栀愀洀✀猀 吀栀攀 䔀渀最氀椀猀栀 䠀漀甀猀攀眀椀昀攀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀ഊsurprises me. Will check Hugh Plat later. ਀ഊAdamantius >>> ਀ഊ ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 吀甀攀Ⰰ ㈀㐀 䘀攀戀 ㈀　　㤀 ㄀㌀㨀㔀㘀㨀㔀㌀ ⴀ　㔀　　ഊFrom: Sandra Kisner ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 刀攀㨀 嬀匀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀崀 倀愀渀挀愀欀攀猀 愀渀搀 䘀爀甀椀琀挀愀欀攀猀 眀愀猀 䠀愀瀀瀀礀 匀栀爀漀瘀攀⼀䘀愀琀ഊ Tuesday ਀吀漀㨀 䌀漀漀欀猀 眀椀琀栀椀渀 琀栀攀 匀䌀䄀 㰀猀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀 愀琀 氀椀猀琀猀⸀愀渀猀琀攀漀爀爀愀⸀漀爀最㸀ഊ ਀㰀㰀㰀 䴀椀猀琀爀攀猀猀 刀愀挀栀愀漀氀 䴀愀欀䌀爀攀椀琀栀 昀漀甀渀搀 愀 爀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 琀漀 瀀愀洀瀀愀瀀愀琀椀 椀渀 圀愀瘀攀爀氀礀ഊRoot's "The Food of Italy", sent it to me, and I ran with the information. ਀ഊThe reference is: "The Christmas-New Years holidays are marked by the ਀愀瀀瀀攀愀爀愀渀挀攀 椀渀 瀀愀猀琀爀礀ⴀ猀栀漀瀀 眀椀渀搀漀眀猀 漀昀 瀀愀洀瀀攀瀀愀琀漀 搀椀 挀椀挀挀漀氀愀琀漀Ⰰ 愀 瘀攀爀礀 漀氀搀ഊFerrarese sweet. It is a cake made of flour, cocoa, milk, honey (sugar if ਀栀漀渀攀礀 椀猀 渀漀琀 愀琀 栀愀渀搀⤀Ⰰ 瀀攀瀀瀀攀爀Ⰰ 猀瀀椀挀攀猀Ⰰ 愀氀洀漀渀搀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 氀攀洀漀渀 瀀攀攀氀 眀椀琀栀ഊchocolate frosting powdered with sugar and tiny candies. It is of ancient ਀氀椀渀攀愀最攀⸀ 䐀甀欀攀 䈀漀爀猀漀 搀✀䔀猀琀攀 猀攀爀瘀攀搀 瀀愀洀瀀愀瀀愀琀椀 愀琀 愀 戀愀渀焀甀攀琀 漀渀 一漀瘀攀洀戀攀爀 ㄀㄀Ⰰഊ1465, making them exceptionally appetizing by inserting a gold piece in ਀攀愀挀栀⸀∀ഊ ਀䔀瘀攀渀 椀渀 洀礀 漀眀渀 挀爀攀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 愀 瀀愀洀瀀愀瀀愀琀漀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀 椀渀挀氀甀搀攀猀 戀愀欀椀渀最 猀漀搀愀Ⰰഊsomething that our medieval counterparts would not have had access to. What ਀䤀 渀攀攀搀 琀漀 搀漀 椀猀 最漀 戀愀挀欀Ⰰ 渀漀琀 甀猀攀 愀渀礀 氀攀瘀攀渀攀爀 眀栀愀琀猀漀攀瘀攀爀 椀渀 漀渀攀 戀愀琀挀栀 愀渀搀ഊuse baking ammonia (which would be more appropriate for our period of study ਀愀猀 昀愀爀 愀猀 挀栀攀洀椀挀愀氀 氀攀瘀攀渀攀爀猀 最漀⤀⸀ഊ ਀伀搀爀椀愀渀愀 瘀愀渀搀攀爀 䈀爀甀最最栀攀 㸀㸀㸀ഊ ਀䤀琀✀猀 渀漀琀 樀甀猀琀 琀栀攀 挀栀攀洀椀挀愀氀 氀攀愀瘀攀渀攀爀 琀栀愀琀✀猀 伀伀倀㬀 渀漀琀椀挀攀 琀栀攀 爀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 愀氀猀漀 ഊsays the pampapato was made with cocoa and had a chocolate frosting and was ਀猀攀爀瘀攀搀 愀琀 愀 戀愀渀焀甀攀琀 椀渀 ㄀㐀㘀㔀⸀  唀渀氀攀猀猀 琀栀攀 䐀甀欀攀 栀愀搀 猀攀渀琀 栀椀猀 漀眀渀 攀砀瀀攀搀椀琀椀漀渀 ഊto the western hemisphere, chocolate wasn't known, much less used, in ਀䔀甀爀漀瀀攀 愀琀 琀栀攀 琀椀洀攀 漀昀 栀椀猀 昀攀愀猀琀⸀  倀攀爀栀愀瀀猀 琀栀攀爀攀✀猀 愀渀 漀氀搀攀爀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀 昀漀爀 ഊpampapato somewhere that doesn't include chocolate. ਀ഊSandra ਀ഊ ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 吀甀攀Ⰰ ㈀㐀 䘀攀戀 ㈀　　㤀 ㄀㄀㨀　㔀㨀㐀㐀 ⴀ　㠀　　 ⠀倀匀吀⤀ഊFrom: Louise Smithson ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 嬀匀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀崀 倀愀渀 倀攀瀀愀琀漀 ⴀ 眀愀猀 昀爀甀椀琀挀愀欀攀猀ഊTo: sca-cooks at lists.ansteorra.org ਀ഊThe odd thing is that I finally found a period recipe for panpepato (pan forte) in a chiurgeon book of all places. ਀䤀琀 椀猀Ⰰ 愀昀琀攀爀 愀氀氀 琀栀攀 猀愀洀攀 昀攀猀琀椀瘀愀氀 戀爀攀愀搀 爀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀搀 椀渀 䔀氀椀稀愀戀攀琀栀 䐀愀瘀椀搀✀猀 戀爀攀愀搀 戀漀漀欀 愀渀搀 瀀爀攀瘀椀漀甀猀氀礀 椀搀攀渀琀椀昀椀攀搀 椀渀 漀琀栀攀爀 瀀攀爀椀漀搀 挀漀漀欀 戀漀漀欀猀⸀  䤀⸀攀⸀ 愀 礀攀愀猀琀 戀爀攀愀搀 眀椀琀栀 愀搀搀攀搀 猀甀最愀爀Ⰰ 猀瀀椀挀攀猀Ⰰ 昀爀甀椀琀 攀琀挀⸀  ഊI have included the recipe and reference below, the original book is in the Gallica collection at BNF: ਀ഊ======== ਀䐀攀氀 洀漀搀漀 搀椀 昀愀爀攀 椀氀 瀀愀渀 昀漀爀琀攀Ⰰ 挀栀攀 猀椀 昀愀 渀攀氀氀攀 猀瀀攀挀椀愀爀椀攀 䌀愀瀀 ㌀㤀 䰀椀戀爀漀ഊQuinto. ਀䤀氀 瀀愀渀 昀漀爀琀攀 挀栀攀 猀椀 昀愀 渀攀氀氀攀 猀瀀攀琀椀愀爀椀攀 挀栀攀 愀 刀漀洀愀 氀漀 挀栀椀愀洀愀渀漀 瀀愀渀 瀀攀瀀愀琀漀Ⰰഊperciohe vi entra il pepe, a Bologna lo chiamano pan spetiale, percioche vi ਀洀攀琀琀漀渀漀 搀攀渀琀爀漀 搀椀 瀀椀甀 猀漀爀琀椀 搀椀 猀瀀攀琀椀攀Ⰰ ☀ 愀 嘀攀渀攀琀椀愀 氀漀 挀栀椀愀洀愀渀漀 瀀愀渀 昀漀爀琀攀 搀愀氀ഊpepe che vi mettono, & in altri luochi lo chiamano in diversi altri modi; ਀甀渀愀 椀渀 焀甀愀渀琀漀 愀氀 洀漀搀漀 搀椀 昀愀爀氀漀 攀 焀甀愀猀椀 琀甀琀琀漀 甀渀漀Ⰰ ☀ 猀椀 昀愀 挀漀猀椀 挀椀漀攀Ⰰ 猀椀ഊpiglia farina, & se gli fa il suo levato come si fa per fare il pane, & poi ਀猀椀 椀洀瀀愀猀琀愀 挀漀渀 愀挀焀甀愀 攀 洀攀氀攀 琀愀渀琀漀 搀椀 甀渀漀 焀甀愀渀琀漀 搀椀 氀✀愀氀琀爀漀Ⰰ ☀ 瘀椀 猀椀 洀攀琀琀攀ഊpepe, zafarano, comino, garofali, zucche condite, scorze di naranze condite; ਀搀椀 琀甀琀琀攀 氀攀 猀漀瀀爀愀搀攀琀琀攀 挀漀猀攀 焀甀攀氀氀愀 焀甀愀渀琀椀琀愀 挀栀攀 瀀愀爀攀 愀氀氀漀 猀瀀攀挀椀愀氀攀Ⰰ 挀栀攀 猀椀ഊconvenga in detto pane; & impastato che sara, fare il pane, & lasciarlo ਀氀攀瘀愀爀攀Ⰰ 攀 瀀漀椀 昀愀爀氀漀 挀甀漀挀攀爀攀 渀攀氀 昀漀爀渀漀Ⰰ 愀瘀瘀攀爀琀攀渀搀漀 挀栀攀 椀氀 昀漀爀渀漀 渀漀渀 猀椀愀ഊtrooppo caldo quando vi si metto il detto pane, & questo e molto salutifero ਀⠀猀愀氀甀琀椀猀攀爀漀⤀ 愀氀氀漀 猀琀漀洀愀挀漀 爀椀猀瀀攀琀琀漀 愀氀氀攀 猀瀀攀挀椀攀 挀栀攀 瘀椀 攀渀琀爀愀渀漀⸀ഊ ਀吀栀攀 眀愀礀 琀漀 洀愀欀攀 ∀瀀愀渀 昀漀爀琀攀∀ 琀栀愀琀 椀猀 洀愀搀攀 戀礀 琀栀攀 匀瀀椀挀椀攀爀猀 ⠀䌀栀愀瀀琀攀爀 ㌀㤀Ⰰ 䘀椀昀琀栀ഊbook) ਀吀栀攀 猀琀爀漀渀最 戀爀攀愀搀 琀栀愀琀 椀猀 洀愀搀攀 戀礀 琀栀攀 猀瀀椀挀椀攀爀猀 漀昀 刀漀洀攀 椀猀 挀愀氀氀攀搀 倀攀瀀瀀攀爀攀搀ഊbread, because it contains pepper, in Bologna it is called spiced bread ਀戀攀挀愀甀猀攀 琀栀攀礀 瀀甀琀 椀渀猀椀搀攀 洀愀渀礀 洀漀爀攀 琀礀瀀攀猀 漀昀 猀瀀椀挀攀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 椀渀 嘀攀渀椀挀攀 琀栀攀礀 挀愀氀氀ഊit strong bread because of the pepper they put in, and in other places it is ਀挀愀氀氀攀搀 椀渀 洀愀渀礀 漀琀栀攀爀 眀愀礀猀Ⰰ 栀漀眀攀瘀攀爀 椀渀 愀氀氀 琀栀攀猀攀 瀀氀愀挀攀猀 琀栀攀 眀愀礀 漀昀 洀愀欀椀渀最 椀琀ഊis almost only one, and one makes it thus that is, one takes flour, and one ਀最椀瘀攀猀 椀琀 椀琀✀猀 爀愀椀猀椀渀最 愀最攀渀琀 ⠀戀椀最漀⤀ 琀栀攀 猀愀洀攀 愀猀 漀渀攀 搀漀攀猀 昀漀爀 洀愀欀椀渀最 戀爀攀愀搀Ⰰഊand then one pastes it (mixes it) with water and honey more of the one ਀⠀昀椀爀猀琀⤀ 琀栀愀渀 琀栀攀 漀琀栀攀爀 ⠀猀攀挀漀渀搀⤀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 漀渀攀 瀀甀琀猀 椀渀琀漀 椀琀 瀀攀瀀瀀攀爀Ⰰ 猀愀昀昀爀漀渀Ⰰഊcumin, cloves, candied gourd (could be squash given time period of writing) ਀愀渀搀 挀愀渀搀椀攀搀 漀爀愀渀最攀 瀀攀攀氀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 愀氀氀 琀栀攀猀攀 愀戀漀瘀攀 琀栀椀渀最猀 漀渀攀 瀀甀琀猀 椀渀 椀渀 琀栀攀ഊquantity that is the opinion of the spicier, that one agrees is better to ਀愀搀搀 琀漀 琀栀椀猀 戀爀攀愀搀㬀 愀渀搀 眀栀攀渀 椀琀 椀猀 洀椀砀攀搀 洀愀欀攀 琀栀攀 戀爀攀愀搀 愀渀搀 氀攀愀瘀攀 椀琀 琀漀ഊraise, and then put it to cook in the oven, taking care that the oven is not ਀琀漀漀 栀漀琀 眀栀攀渀 礀漀甀 愀搀搀 琀栀攀 戀爀攀愀搀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 琀栀椀猀 椀猀 瘀攀爀礀 栀攀愀氀琀栀礀 琀漀 琀栀攀 猀琀漀洀愀挀栀ഊbecause of the spices it has inside. ਀ഊ ਀吀礀瀀攀 㨀 琀攀砀琀攀 椀洀瀀爀椀洀㼀Ⰰ 洀漀渀漀最爀愀瀀栀椀攀ഊAuteur(s) : Fioravanti, Leonardo ਀吀椀琀爀攀⠀猀⤀ 㨀  䌀漀洀瀀攀渀搀椀漀 搀攀 椀 猀攀挀爀攀琀椀 爀愀琀椀漀渀愀氀椀 嬀䐀漀挀甀洀攀渀琀 㼀氀攀挀琀爀漀渀椀焀甀攀崀 ⼀ 搀椀 䴀⸀ഊLeonardo Fioravanti Bolognese,... ਀吀礀瀀攀 搀攀 爀攀猀猀漀甀爀挀攀 㼀氀攀挀琀爀漀渀椀焀甀攀 㨀  䐀漀渀渀㼀攀猀 琀攀砀琀甀攀氀氀攀猀ഊPublication : 1995 ਀䐀攀猀挀爀椀瀀琀椀漀渀 洀愀琀㼀爀椀攀氀氀攀 㨀  嬀㄀㄀崀ⴀ㄀㠀㌀ 昀⸀ഊ ਀一漀琀攀⠀猀⤀ 㨀  䐀愀琀攀 搀✀㼀搀⸀ 搀甀 洀椀挀爀漀昀椀氀洀 瀀爀漀瘀攀渀愀渀琀 搀✀甀渀 挀愀琀愀氀漀最甀攀 搀✀㼀搀椀琀攀甀爀ഊReproduction : Num. BNF de l'?d. de : Cambridge (Mass.) : Omnisys, [ca ਀㄀㤀㤀　崀 ⠀䤀琀愀氀椀愀渀 戀漀漀欀猀 戀攀昀漀爀攀 ㄀㘀　㄀ 㬀 㐀㈀㔀⸀㐀⤀⸀ ㄀ 洀椀挀爀漀昀椀氀洀刀攀瀀爀漀搀⸀ 搀攀 氀✀㼀搀⸀ 搀攀 㨀ഊTurino : appresso Giovanni Dominico Tarino, 1592 ਀ഊSujet(s) : M?decine -- Ouvrages avant 1800 ਀ഊ ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 吀甀攀Ⰰ ㈀㐀 䘀攀戀 ㈀　　㤀 ㄀㤀㨀㄀㤀㨀㈀㄀ ⬀　　　　ഊFrom: jenn.strobel at gmail.com ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 刀攀㨀 嬀匀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀崀 倀愀渀挀愀欀攀猀 愀渀搀 䘀爀甀椀琀挀愀欀攀猀 眀愀猀 䠀愀瀀瀀礀 匀栀爀漀瘀攀⼀䘀愀琀ഊ Tuesday ਀吀漀㨀 䌀漀漀欀猀 眀椀琀栀椀渀 琀栀攀 匀䌀䄀 㰀猀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀 愀琀 氀椀猀琀猀⸀愀渀猀琀攀漀爀爀愀⸀漀爀最㸀ഊ ਀匀愀渀搀爀愀Ⰰഊ ਀夀漀甀 愀爀攀 挀漀爀爀攀挀琀 愀戀漀甀琀 琀栀攀 挀漀挀漀愀 戀攀椀渀最 瀀爀漀戀氀攀洀愀琀椀挀⸀ 䤀 昀愀椀氀攀搀 琀漀 挀漀洀洀攀渀琀 甀瀀漀渀  ഊit and apologize for doing so. ਀ഊI could find no recipes or other references to pampapato during our period ਀漀昀 猀琀甀搀礀 漀琀栀攀爀 琀栀愀渀 琀栀攀 爀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 最椀瘀攀渀⸀ 䤀✀瘀攀 愀氀猀漀 猀攀攀渀 挀氀愀椀洀猀 琀栀愀琀  ഊPampepato came from the Middle East in the 1500's, originated in a convent ਀椀渀 琀栀攀 ㄀㘀琀栀 挀攀渀琀甀爀礀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 戀漀琀栀 吀攀爀渀椀 愀渀搀 䘀攀爀爀愀爀愀 䤀琀愀氀礀 挀氀愀椀洀猀 椀琀 愀猀 戀攀椀渀最  ഊfrom their area. ਀ഊThe Italian version of Wikipedia's entry on pampepato ਀⠀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀椀琀⸀眀椀欀椀瀀攀搀椀愀⸀漀爀最⼀眀椀欀椀⼀倀愀洀瀀攀瀀愀琀漀⤀ 爀攀瀀攀愀琀猀 琀栀攀 䐀甀欀攀 搀✀䔀猀琀攀  ഊinformation and says that the origins are in Umbria (Terni). My Italian is ਀渀漀琀 猀漀 最爀攀愀琀Ⰰ 猀漀 䤀 愀洀 瀀爀漀戀愀戀氀礀 洀椀猀猀椀渀最 猀漀洀攀琀栀椀渀最 椀渀 琀栀愀琀 愀爀琀椀挀氀攀⸀ 吀栀攀  ഊWikipedia article also links to an article (in Italian) about the origins ਀漀昀 倀愀洀瀀攀瀀愀琀漀  ഊ(http://www.provincia.fe.it/download/scheda%20Pampapato.pdf?server=sd2.provincia.fe.it&db=/intranet/internet.nsf&uid=C1369A18523C9F0EC125702800372857) ਀琀栀愀琀 䤀 眀漀甀氀搀 渀攀攀搀 洀漀爀攀 琀椀洀攀 琀栀愀渀 䤀 栀愀瘀攀 琀漀 搀椀最 琀栀爀漀甀最栀 昀漀爀 挀漀洀瀀爀攀栀攀渀猀椀漀渀⸀  ഊThese were not resources for me when I wrote the article, but may clarify ਀琀栀椀渀最猀⸀ഊ ਀䤀✀洀 渀漀琀 搀爀愀眀椀渀最 愀渀礀 挀漀渀挀氀甀猀椀漀渀猀 栀攀爀攀Ⰰ 樀甀猀琀 愀搀搀椀渀最 洀漀爀攀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 漀渀琀漀 琀栀攀  ഊpile. ਀ഊThoughts? ਀ഊOdriana ਀ഊOn Feb 24, 2009 1:56pm, Sandra Kisner wrote: ਀㰀㰀㰀 䤀琀✀猀 渀漀琀 樀甀猀琀 琀栀攀 挀栀攀洀椀挀愀氀 氀攀愀瘀攀渀攀爀 琀栀愀琀✀猀 伀伀倀㬀 渀漀琀椀挀攀 琀栀攀 爀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 愀氀猀漀  ഊsays the pampapato was made with cocoa and had a chocolate frosting and ਀眀愀猀 猀攀爀瘀攀搀 愀琀 愀 戀愀渀焀甀攀琀 椀渀 ㄀㐀㘀㔀⸀ 唀渀氀攀猀猀 琀栀攀 䐀甀欀攀 栀愀搀 猀攀渀琀 栀椀猀 漀眀渀  ഊexpedition to the western hemisphere, chocolate wasn't known, much less ਀甀猀攀搀Ⰰ 椀渀 䔀甀爀漀瀀攀 愀琀 琀栀攀 琀椀洀攀 漀昀 栀椀猀 昀攀愀猀琀⸀ 倀攀爀栀愀瀀猀 琀栀攀爀攀✀猀 愀渀 漀氀搀攀爀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀  ഊfor pampapato somewhere that doesn't include chocolate. ਀ഊSandra >>> ਀ഊ ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 吀甀攀Ⰰ ㈀㐀 䘀攀戀 ㈀　　㤀 ㄀㄀㨀㈀　㨀㄀㘀 ⴀ　㠀　　ഊFrom: Susan Fox ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 刀攀㨀 嬀匀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀崀 倀愀渀挀愀欀攀猀 愀渀搀 䘀爀甀椀琀挀愀欀攀猀 眀愀猀 䠀愀瀀瀀礀 匀栀爀漀瘀攀⼀䘀愀琀ഊ Tuesday ਀吀漀㨀 䌀漀漀欀猀 眀椀琀栀椀渀 琀栀攀 匀䌀䄀 㰀猀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀 愀琀 氀椀猀琀猀⸀愀渀猀琀攀漀爀爀愀⸀漀爀最㸀ഊ ਀倀愀洀瀀愀瀀愀琀椀 愀瀀瀀攀愀爀 琀漀 戀攀 爀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀搀 椀渀 愀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀 椀渀 䴀攀猀猀椀猀戀甀最漀Ⰰ 䌀⸀ ⠀㄀㔀㔀㜀⤀⸀ ഊLibro Novo Nel Qual S'insegna a' far d'ogni Sorte de Vivanda. Venetia. ਀ഊOn this page: http://www.geocities.com/helewyse/appendix2.html ਀ഊHelewyse translated the following: ਀ഊ/A fare mostazzoli di zuccaro/ ਀倀椀最氀椀愀 搀椀 挀攀搀爀漀 挀漀渀昀攀琀琀漀 琀愀最氀椀愀琀漀 洀椀渀甀琀愀洀攀渀琀攀 氀椀戀爀攀 琀爀攀Ⰰ 搀椀 䴀攀氀攀 挀漀氀氀愀琀漀 ഊlib. Cinque, di pevere cinque ottavi, di Zaffarano serupulo uno, di ਀挀椀渀渀愀洀漀渀洀漀 琀爀攀 焀甀愀爀琀椀 搀㼀漀渀挀椀愀Ⰰ 搀椀 洀甀猀挀栀椀漀 琀爀攀 最爀愀渀椀Ⰰ 搀椀 䘀愀爀椀渀愀 琀愀渀琀漀 挀栀攀 ഊbasti ad impastare dette robbe. Poi farai i mostazzoli grandi, & ਀瀀椀挀挀椀漀氀椀Ⰰ 挀漀洀攀 㼀 琀攀 瀀椀愀挀攀爀㼀⸀ 倀漀椀 氀椀 昀愀爀愀椀 挀甀漀挀攀爀攀 挀漀洀攀 椀 瀀愀洀瀀愀瀀愀琀椀Ⰰ 洀愀 ഊquesti si fanno d?oncie 4 in 6 l?uno, e non piu grandi. ਀ഊ/To make mostazzoli (biscotti) of sugar/ ਀吀愀欀攀 琀栀爀攀攀 瀀漀甀渀搀猀 漀昀 挀愀渀搀椀攀搀 挀椀琀爀漀渀 愀渀搀 挀甀琀 椀琀 瘀攀爀礀 昀椀渀攀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 昀椀瘀攀 ഊpounds of strained honey, and five ?ottavi? of pepper, and a single ਀㼀猀攀爀甀瀀甀氀漀㼀 漀昀 猀愀昀昀爀漀渀Ⰰ 琀栀爀攀攀 焀甀愀爀琀攀爀猀 漀昀 愀渀 漀甀渀挀攀 漀昀 挀椀渀渀愀洀漀渀Ⰰ 琀栀爀攀攀 ഊgrains of musk, of flour as much as is enough to paste together these ਀琀栀椀渀最猀⸀ 䄀渀搀 洀愀欀攀 氀愀爀最攀 愀渀搀 猀洀愀氀氀 洀漀猀琀愀稀稀漀氀椀 愀猀 礀漀甀 眀漀甀氀搀 氀椀欀攀⸀ 䄀渀搀 漀渀攀 ഊcan cook them like the ?pampapati?, but these one makes at 4 to 6 ounces ਀攀愀挀栀 愀渀搀 渀漀琀 氀愀爀最攀爀⸀ഊ ਀伀栀Ⰰ 䠀攀氀攀眀礀猀攀⸀⸀⸀ 䤀猀 琀栀攀爀攀 愀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀 昀漀爀 瀀愀洀瀀愀瀀愀琀椀 攀氀猀攀眀栀攀爀攀 椀渀 琀栀椀猀 戀漀漀欀㼀 ഊOr is this just so well known that it served as a description itself? ਀ഊBest, Selene ਀ഊ ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 吀甀攀Ⰰ ㈀㐀 䘀攀戀 ㈀　　㤀 ㄀㘀㨀㐀㠀㨀㄀㐀 ⴀ　㘀　　ഊFrom: "Terry Decker" ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 刀攀㨀 嬀匀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀崀 倀愀渀挀愀欀攀猀 愀渀搀 䘀爀甀椀琀挀愀欀攀猀 眀愀猀 䠀愀瀀瀀礀 匀栀爀漀瘀攀⼀䘀愀琀ഊ Tuesday ਀吀漀㨀 ∀䌀漀漀欀猀 眀椀琀栀椀渀 琀栀攀 匀䌀䄀∀ 㰀猀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀 愀琀 氀椀猀琀猀⸀愀渀猀琀攀漀爀爀愀⸀漀爀最㸀ഊ ਀吀愀欀攀 愀 氀漀漀欀 愀琀 瀀愀渀昀漀爀琀攀⸀  倀愀渀昀漀爀琀攀 椀猀 愀 昀爀甀椀琀挀愀欀攀 昀爀漀洀 匀椀攀渀渀愀 琀栀愀琀 瀀爀攀搀愀琀攀猀 ഊthe pampepato from Ferrara. Panforte Scuro is the version that has ਀挀栀漀挀漀氀愀琀攀 愀猀 愀渀 椀渀最爀攀搀椀攀渀琀⸀  䤀 猀甀猀瀀攀挀琀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀爀攀 愀爀攀 愀氀猀漀 瀀愀洀瀀攀瀀愀琀漀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀猀 ഊwithout chocolate. Traditional panforte is made without leavening and I ਀猀甀猀瀀攀挀琀 琀栀愀琀 琀爀愀搀椀琀椀漀渀愀氀 瀀愀洀瀀攀瀀愀琀漀 瀀爀漀戀愀戀氀礀 椀猀 愀氀猀漀⸀  吀栀攀 爀攀猀甀氀琀 椀猀 猀椀洀椀氀愀爀 ഊto the German lebkuchen recipes of the 16th Century. ਀ഊBear ਀ഊ<<< It's not just the chemical leavener that's OOP; notice the reference also ਀猀愀礀猀 琀栀攀 瀀愀洀瀀愀瀀愀琀漀 眀愀猀 洀愀搀攀 眀椀琀栀 挀漀挀漀愀 愀渀搀 栀愀搀 愀 挀栀漀挀漀氀愀琀攀 昀爀漀猀琀椀渀最 愀渀搀 ഊwas served at a banquet in 1465. Unless the Duke had sent his own ਀攀砀瀀攀搀椀琀椀漀渀 琀漀 琀栀攀 眀攀猀琀攀爀渀 栀攀洀椀猀瀀栀攀爀攀Ⰰ 挀栀漀挀漀氀愀琀攀 眀愀猀渀✀琀 欀渀漀眀渀Ⰰ 洀甀挀栀 氀攀猀猀 ഊused, in Europe at the time of his feast. Perhaps there's an older recipe ਀昀漀爀 瀀愀洀瀀愀瀀愀琀漀 猀漀洀攀眀栀攀爀攀 琀栀愀琀 搀漀攀猀渀✀琀 椀渀挀氀甀搀攀 挀栀漀挀漀氀愀琀攀⸀ഊ ਀匀愀渀搀爀愀 㸀㸀㸀ഊ ਀ഊDate: Tue, 24 Feb 2009 17:01:19 -0600 ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 ∀吀攀爀爀礀 䐀攀挀欀攀爀∀ 㰀琀⸀搀⸀搀攀挀欀攀爀 愀琀 愀琀琀⸀渀攀琀㸀ഊSubject: Re: [Sca-cooks] Pancakes and Fruitcakes was Happy Shrove/Fat ਀ऀ吀甀攀猀搀愀礀ഊTo: "Cooks within the SCA" ਀ഊGiven pampepato's similarity to panforte, it is probably a regional variant ਀漀昀 琀栀攀 䤀琀愀氀椀愀渀 栀漀渀攀礀 瀀攀瀀瀀攀爀 挀愀欀攀猀⸀  吀栀攀爀攀 眀愀猀 愀 搀椀猀挀甀猀猀椀漀渀 漀昀 瀀愀渀昀漀爀琀攀 猀漀洀攀 ഊtime ago, but I haven't been able to locate the discussion in the ਀䘀氀漀爀椀氀攀最椀甀洀⸀  䴀愀礀戀攀 匀琀攀昀愀渀 挀愀渀 琀攀氀氀 甀猀 眀栀攀爀攀 栀攀 栀椀搀 椀琀⸀ഊ ਀䈀攀愀爀ഊ ਀㰀㰀㰀 䤀 挀漀甀氀搀 昀椀渀搀 渀漀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀猀 漀爀 漀琀栀攀爀 爀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀猀 琀漀 瀀愀洀瀀愀瀀愀琀漀 搀甀爀椀渀最 漀甀爀 瀀攀爀椀漀搀 ഊof study other than the reference given. I've also seen claims that ਀倀愀洀瀀攀瀀愀琀漀 挀愀洀攀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 䴀椀搀搀氀攀 䔀愀猀琀 椀渀 琀栀攀 ㄀㔀　　✀猀Ⰰ 漀爀椀最椀渀愀琀攀搀 椀渀 愀 挀漀渀瘀攀渀琀 ഊin the 16th century, and both Terni and Ferrara Italy claims it as being ਀昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀椀爀 愀爀攀愀⸀ഊ ਀伀搀爀椀愀渀愀 㸀㸀㸀ഊ ਀ഊDate: Tue, 24 Feb 2009 17:12:07 -0600 ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 ∀吀攀爀爀礀 䐀攀挀欀攀爀∀ 㰀琀⸀搀⸀搀攀挀欀攀爀 愀琀 愀琀琀⸀渀攀琀㸀ഊSubject: Re: [Sca-cooks] Pancakes and Fruitcakes was Happy Shrove/Fat ਀ऀ吀甀攀猀搀愀礀ഊTo: "Cooks within the SCA" ਀ഊ<<< How do these recipes relate to pannetone that you find at Christmas. They sound very similar. ਀ഊKiri >>> ਀ഊThey really don't. Pannetone is made from enriched bread dough that is ਀昀椀氀氀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 挀愀渀搀椀攀搀 昀爀甀椀琀 愀渀搀 渀甀琀猀⸀  䤀琀 椀猀 猀椀洀椀氀愀爀 琀漀 圀攀椀渀愀挀栀琀猀琀漀氀氀攀渀 漀爀 ഊDresdener Stollen. Pampepato and panforte are spiced candied fuit and nuts ਀椀渀 愀 洀愀琀爀椀砀 漀昀 栀漀渀攀礀 愀渀搀 昀氀漀甀爀 ⠀漀爀 戀爀攀愀搀挀爀甀洀戀猀⤀ 猀椀洀椀氀愀爀 琀漀 ㄀㘀琀栀 䌀攀渀琀甀爀礀 ഊgingerbread and lebkuchen. I haven't compared the recipes, but pampepato ਀洀愀礀 栀愀瘀攀 洀漀爀攀 洀愀琀爀椀砀 琀栀攀渀 瀀愀渀昀漀爀琀攀⸀ഊ ਀䈀攀愀爀ഊ ਀ഊDate: Tue, 24 Feb 2009 17:31:06 -0600 ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 ∀吀攀爀爀礀 䐀攀挀欀攀爀∀ 㰀琀⸀搀⸀搀攀挀欀攀爀 愀琀 愀琀琀⸀渀攀琀㸀ഊSubject: Re: [Sca-cooks] Pancakes and Fruitcakes was Happy Shrove/Fat ਀ऀ吀甀攀猀搀愀礀ഊTo: , "Cooks within the SCA" ਀ऀ㰀猀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀 愀琀 氀椀猀琀猀⸀愀渀猀琀攀漀爀爀愀⸀漀爀最㸀ഊ ਀㰀㰀㰀 伀渀 琀栀攀 漀琀栀攀爀 琀漀瀀椀挀Ⰰ 礀漀甀爀 搀椀猀挀甀猀猀椀漀渀 最漀琀 洀攀 挀甀爀椀漀甀猀 樀甀猀琀 栀漀眀 昀愀爀 戀愀挀欀 昀爀甀椀琀 ഊcake recipes go. If I had to pick a country how about English? any ਀漀渀氀椀渀攀 氀攀愀搀猀㼀ഊ ਀䜀眀攀渀 䌀愀琀 㸀㸀㸀ഊ ਀䐀攀瀀攀渀搀猀 漀渀 樀甀猀琀 眀栀愀琀 礀漀甀 洀攀愀渀 戀礀 昀爀甀椀琀挀愀欀攀⸀  䤀昀 礀漀甀 琀愀欀攀 愀 氀漀漀欀 愀琀 䨀漀爀椀猀 ഊHoefnagel's A Wedding Fete at Bermondsey (1570s), you will see four large ਀戀爀椀搀攀猀 挀愀欀攀猀 戀攀椀渀最 搀椀猀瀀氀愀礀攀搀⸀  吀栀攀猀攀 愀爀攀 氀愀爀最攀 䈀愀渀戀甀爀礀 挀愀欀攀猀 昀椀氀氀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 ഊcurrants and spices and possibly other candied fruit. A recipe for these ਀昀爀漀洀 ∀吀栀攀 儀甀攀攀渀✀猀 䌀氀漀猀攀琀 伀瀀攀渀✀搀∀ ⠀㄀㘀㔀㔀⤀ 搀攀猀挀爀椀戀攀猀 琀栀攀洀 愀猀 戀攀椀渀最 猀挀攀渀琀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 ഊmusk and ambergris. ਀ഊBear ਀ഊ ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 圀攀搀Ⰰ ㈀㔀 䘀攀戀 ㈀　　㤀 　㤀㨀㈀㠀㨀㌀㈀ ⴀ　㔀　　ഊFrom: Johnna Holloway ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 刀攀㨀 嬀匀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀崀 瀀愀渀瀀攀瀀愀琀椀 眀愀猀 倀愀渀挀愀欀攀猀 愀渀搀 䘀爀甀椀琀挀愀欀攀猀 眀愀猀ഊ Happy Shrove/Fat Tuesday ਀吀漀㨀 䌀漀漀欀猀 眀椀琀栀椀渀 琀栀攀 匀䌀䄀 㰀猀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀 愀琀 氀椀猀琀猀⸀愀渀猀琀攀漀爀爀愀⸀漀爀最㸀Ⰰऀ䨀攀渀渀 匀琀爀漀戀攀氀ഊ ਀ഊMaybe I can add some more information. I'll be drawing together information ਀昀爀漀洀 猀攀瘀攀爀愀氀 戀漀漀欀猀 猀漀 䤀 栀漀瀀攀 琀栀椀猀 洀愀欀攀猀 猀攀渀猀攀⸀ഊ ਀伀渀攀 戀漀漀欀 琀栀愀琀 栀愀猀 愀瀀瀀攀愀爀攀搀 猀椀渀挀攀 礀漀甀爀 漀爀椀最椀渀愀氀 爀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀 眀愀猀 搀漀渀攀 椀猀 䜀椀氀氀椀愀渀 刀椀氀攀礀✀猀 吀栀攀 伀砀昀漀爀搀 䌀漀洀瀀愀渀椀漀渀 琀漀 䤀琀愀氀椀愀渀 䘀漀漀搀 ⠀㈀　　㜀⤀⸀ 䤀 眀漀渀✀琀 爀攀瀀爀漀搀甀挀攀 琀栀攀 攀渀琀椀爀攀 攀渀琀爀礀 漀渀 ∀倀愀渀瀀攀瀀愀琀漀∀ 戀甀琀 琀栀攀爀攀 愀瀀瀀攀愀爀 琀漀 戀攀  愀 渀甀洀戀攀爀 漀昀 瘀愀爀椀愀渀琀猀 琀漀 琀栀椀猀 挀愀欀攀 漀爀 戀爀攀愀搀⸀ ⠀吀漀 戀攀最椀渀Ⰰ 刀椀氀攀礀 氀椀猀琀猀 椀琀 愀猀 戀攀椀渀最 愀 瘀攀爀猀椀漀渀 漀昀 瀀愀渀昀漀爀琀攀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀爀攀✀猀 漀昀  挀漀甀爀猀攀 愀渀漀琀栀攀爀 攀渀琀爀礀 漀渀 琀栀愀琀⸀ 匀攀攀 戀攀氀漀眀⸀⤀ 䤀渀 栀攀爀 攀渀琀爀礀 漀渀 瀀愀渀攀瀀愀琀漀Ⰰ 刀椀氀攀礀 眀爀椀琀攀猀 ∀吀栀攀 猀挀栀漀氀愀爀ⴀ挀漀甀爀琀椀攀爀 䘀爀愀渀挀攀猀挀漀 刀攀搀椀 搀攀昀椀渀攀搀 瀀愀渀瀀攀琀愀琀漀 愀猀 挀漀洀椀渀最 椀渀 琀栀爀攀攀 瘀攀爀猀椀漀渀猀㨀 琀栀攀 ⼀猀漀瀀爀愀昀昀椀渀愀⼀Ⰰ 洀愀搀攀 眀椀琀栀 爀攀昀椀渀攀搀 猀甀最愀爀Ⰰ 搀攀挀漀爀愀琀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 洀愀爀稀椀瀀愀渀 猀栀愀瀀攀猀 愀渀搀 挀漀氀漀甀爀攀搀 椀挀椀渀最㬀 愀 洀攀搀椀甀洀 焀甀愀氀椀琀礀 洀愀搀攀 眀椀琀栀 栀漀渀攀礀 愀渀搀 漀爀搀椀渀愀爀礀 椀渀最爀攀搀椀攀渀琀猀㬀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 椀渀昀攀爀椀漀爀 猀漀爀琀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀 琀漀 甀猀 猀漀甀渀搀猀 爀愀琀栀攀爀 最漀漀搀Ⰰ 洀愀搀攀 眀椀琀栀 眀栀漀氀攀洀攀愀氀  昀氀漀甀爀 愀渀搀 戀爀愀渀Ⰰ 瀀攀瀀瀀攀爀Ⰰ 搀爀椀攀搀 昀椀最猀Ⰰ 眀愀氀渀甀琀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 栀漀渀攀礀⸀∀ 嬀刀攀搀椀✀猀 搀愀琀攀猀 愀爀攀 ㄀㘀㈀㘀㼀㄀㘀㤀㜀Ⰰ 猀漀 栀椀猀 爀攀洀愀爀欀猀 愀爀攀 ㄀㜀琀栀 挀攀渀琀甀爀礀⸀崀ഊ ਀刀椀氀攀礀 爀攀昀攀爀猀 琀漀 琀栀攀 眀漀爀欀 漀昀 䜀椀漀瘀愀渀渀愀 䜀椀甀猀琀椀 䜀愀氀愀爀搀椀 愀甀琀栀漀爀 漀昀 琀栀攀 ㈀　　㄀  䐀漀氀挀椀 愀 䌀漀爀琀攀⸀ 䤀 愀挀琀甀愀氀氀礀 漀眀渀 戀漀琀栀 琀栀攀 䔀渀最氀椀猀栀 琀爀愀渀猀氀愀琀椀漀渀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 漀爀椀最椀渀愀氀 䤀琀愀氀椀愀渀  瘀攀爀猀椀漀渀 漀昀 䐀漀氀挀椀 愀 䌀漀爀琀攀Ⰰ 猀漀 䤀 挀愀渀 攀愀猀椀氀礀 氀漀漀欀 甀瀀 栀攀爀 挀栀愀瀀琀攀爀 漀渀 ∀瀀愀渀瀀攀瀀愀琀漀⸀∀ 䜀椀甀猀琀椀 䜀愀氀愀爀搀椀 渀漀琀攀猀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 倀愀氀愀琀椀渀攀  䔀氀攀挀琀爀攀猀猀 䄀渀渀愀 䴀愀爀椀愀 䰀甀椀猀愀 搀攀✀ 䴀攀搀椀挀椀 眀爀漀琀攀 昀爀漀洀 䐀甀猀猀攀氀搀漀爀昀 琀漀 栀攀爀 甀渀挀氀攀 琀漀 琀栀愀渀欀 栀椀洀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 漀昀昀攀爀 漀昀 愀 瀀愀渀瀀攀瀀愀琀漀 琀栀愀琀 栀攀 眀愀猀 猀攀渀搀椀渀最 昀爀漀洀 䘀氀漀爀攀渀挀攀⸀ 吀栀椀猀 眀愀猀 ㄀㘀㤀㈀⸀ 䜀椀甀猀琀椀 䜀愀氀愀爀搀椀 甀猀攀猀 琀栀椀猀 氀攀琀琀攀爀 愀猀 愀渀 椀渀琀爀漀搀甀挀琀椀漀渀 琀漀 愀 猀攀挀琀椀漀渀 漀渀  瀀愀渀瀀攀瀀愀琀漀⸀ 匀栀攀 眀爀椀琀攀猀 琀栀愀琀 椀琀 眀愀猀 ∀氀椀渀欀攀搀 琀漀 琀栀攀 䘀攀愀猀琀 漀昀 䄀氀氀 匀愀椀渀琀猀⸀⸀⸀⸀椀渀 匀椀攀渀愀 椀琀 眀愀猀 挀愀氀氀攀搀 瀀愀渀攀 椀洀瀀攀瀀愀琀漀 ⠀氀椀琀攀爀愀氀氀礀Ⰰ 瀀攀瀀瀀攀爀攀搀ⴀ戀爀攀愀搀⤀Ⰰ 椀渀 䘀氀漀爀攀渀挀攀Ⰰ 氀攀猀猀 爀攀昀椀渀攀搀氀礀Ⰰ 瀀愀渀搀椀最甀猀琀漀 ⠀昀氀愀瘀漀甀爀昀甀氀 戀爀攀愀搀⤀⸀ 䜀椀甀猀琀椀 䜀愀氀愀爀搀椀 椀渀挀氀甀搀攀猀 愀 ㄀㜀琀栀 挀攀渀琀甀爀礀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀 琀栀愀琀 挀愀氀氀猀 昀漀爀 栀漀渀攀礀Ⰰ  猀焀甀愀猀栀 瀀爀攀猀攀爀瘀攀猀Ⰰ 漀爀愀渀最攀 瀀爀攀猀攀爀瘀攀猀Ⰰ 猀瀀椀挀攀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 昀氀漀甀爀 愀猀 渀攀攀搀攀搀⸀ഊ ਀圀栀攀渀 漀渀攀 爀攀琀甀爀渀猀 琀漀 刀椀氀攀礀 愀渀搀 栀攀爀 伀砀昀漀爀搀 䌀漀洀瀀愀渀椀漀渀 琀漀 䤀琀愀氀椀愀渀 䘀漀漀搀 攀渀琀爀礀 漀渀 瀀愀渀昀漀爀琀攀Ⰰ漀渀攀 挀漀洀攀猀 愀挀爀漀猀猀 愀 昀攀眀 洀漀爀攀 瀀氀愀挀攀猀 琀漀 挀栀攀挀欀 昀漀爀 洀攀搀椀攀瘀愀氀 愀渀搀 刀攀渀愀椀猀猀愀渀挀攀 搀攀猀挀爀椀瀀琀椀漀渀猀 愀渀搀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀猀⸀ 匀栀攀 眀爀椀琀攀猀 ∀匀瀀椀挀攀搀 挀愀欀攀猀 漀爀 戀爀攀愀搀猀 眀攀爀攀 搀攀猀挀爀椀戀攀搀 戀礀 䌀漀猀琀愀渀稀漀 䘀攀氀椀挀椀 椀渀 琀栀攀 ㄀㔀㘀　✀猀⸀∀⠀䄀挀挀漀爀搀椀渀最 琀漀 琀栀攀 戀椀戀氀椀漀最爀愀瀀栀礀 琀栀攀爀攀 愀爀攀 琀眀漀 瘀漀氀甀洀攀猀 漀昀 䘀攀氀椀挀椀 氀攀琀琀攀爀猀 琀栀愀琀 眀攀爀攀 瀀甀戀氀椀猀栀攀搀 椀渀 琀栀攀 ㄀㤀㠀　✀猀⸀⤀ 倀愀渀昀漀爀琀攀猀 眀攀爀攀 愀氀猀漀 洀愀搀攀 ∀眀椀琀栀 栀漀渀攀礀 漀爀 猀愀瀀愀Ⰰ 栀攀渀挀攀 琀栀攀 渀愀洀攀 瀀愀渀 洀攀氀愀琀漀 愀渀搀 瀀愀渀瀀攀瀀愀琀漀⸀ ∀刀椀氀攀礀 攀渀搀猀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 椀渀琀攀爀攀猀琀椀渀最 渀漀琀攀 琀栀愀琀 䴀愀爀椀愀 嘀椀琀琀漀爀椀愀 搀攀氀氀愀 嘀攀爀搀攀 椀渀挀氀甀搀攀搀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀猀 昀漀爀 猀攀瘀攀爀愀氀 瘀攀爀猀椀漀渀猀 漀昀 愀 瀀愀渀洀攀氀愀琀漀 椀渀 栀攀爀  渀漀琀攀戀漀漀欀猀⸀ 吀栀椀猀 椀猀 愀渀 椀洀瀀漀爀琀愀渀琀 渀漀琀攀⸀ 䈀礀 眀愀礀 漀昀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 匀甀漀爀 ⠀漀爀 匀椀猀琀攀爀⤀ 䴀愀爀椀愀 嘀椀琀琀漀爀椀愀  眀愀猀  愀渀甀渀 椀渀 倀攀爀甀最椀愀⸀ 䤀渀 ㄀㔀㠀㌀ 猀栀攀 戀攀最愀渀 欀攀攀瀀椀渀最 愀 猀攀爀椀攀猀 漀昀 渀漀琀攀戀漀漀欀猀 琀栀愀琀 椀渀挀氀甀搀攀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀猀 昀漀爀 愀 渀甀洀戀攀爀 漀昀 挀漀渀昀攀挀琀椀漀渀猀 愀渀搀 椀琀攀洀猀 氀椀欀攀 眀愀昀攀爀猀⸀ 匀栀攀 搀椀攀搀 椀渀 ㄀㘀㈀㈀ 愀琀 琀栀攀 愀最攀 漀昀 㘀㜀Ⰰ 猀漀 栀攀爀 渀漀琀攀戀漀漀欀猀 愀爀攀 氀愀琀攀 ㄀㘀琀栀 愀渀搀 攀愀爀氀礀 ㄀㜀琀栀 挀攀渀琀甀爀礀 愀猀 琀漀 搀愀琀椀渀最⸀ 䄀渀搀 愀氀氀 ㄀㜀　 爀攀挀椀瀀攀猀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 渀漀琀攀戀漀漀欀猀 眀攀爀攀 瀀甀戀氀椀猀栀攀搀 椀渀 ㄀㤀㠀㤀⸀ 䤀琀 琀漀漀欀 洀攀 昀漀爀攀瘀攀爀 戀甀琀 䤀 攀瘀攀渀琀甀愀氀氀礀 昀漀甀渀搀 愀渀搀 瀀甀爀挀栀愀猀攀搀 愀 挀漀瀀礀 漀昀 琀栀椀猀 戀漀漀欀 猀攀瘀攀爀愀氀 礀攀愀爀猀 戀愀挀欀⸀ 䤀渀 椀琀 琀栀攀爀攀 愀爀攀 椀渀搀攀攀搀 愀 昀攀眀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀猀 昀漀爀 瀀愀渀洀攀氀愀琀漀⸀ഊ ਀ⴀⴀഊLastly, Lynne Rossetto Kasper, author of The Splendid Table, says that ਀挀栀漀挀漀氀愀琀攀 眀愀猀 昀椀爀猀琀 愀搀搀攀搀 椀渀 琀栀攀 ㄀㤀琀栀 挀攀渀琀甀爀礀⸀ 匀栀攀 椀渀挀氀甀搀攀猀 愀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀 愀琀㨀ഊhttp://splendidtable.publicradio.org/recipes/dessert_chocolate_christmas_spicecake.shtml ਀ഊJohnnae llyn Lewis ਀ഊ ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 圀攀搀Ⰰ ㈀㔀 䘀攀戀 ㈀　　㤀 ㄀㐀㨀㈀㔀㨀㔀㐀 ⴀ　㔀　　ഊFrom: Elise Fleming ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 嬀匀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀崀 䈀愀搀 䔀搀椀琀椀渀最㨀 圀愀猀 瀀愀渀瀀攀瀀愀琀椀 眀愀猀 倀愀渀挀愀欀攀猀 愀渀搀ഊ Fruitcakes ਀吀漀㨀 猀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀 㰀猀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀 愀琀 氀椀猀琀猀⸀愀渀猀琀攀漀爀爀愀⸀漀爀最㸀ഊ ਀䜀爀攀攀琀椀渀最猀℀  䨀漀栀渀渀愀攀 ⠀愀渀搀 猀漀洀攀漀渀攀 攀氀猀攀㼀⤀ 瀀漀椀渀琀攀搀 漀甀琀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 䐀甀欀攀 搀✀䔀猀琀攀 ഊcouldn't have served chocolate pampapati in 1465. (Columbus hadn't even ਀洀愀搀攀 栀椀猀 昀椀爀猀琀 瘀漀礀愀最攀 琀栀攀渀℀⤀  䤀✀搀 琀栀漀甀最栀琀 漀昀 琀栀愀琀 愀琀 昀椀爀猀琀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀渀 䤀 ഊgot to thinking that the paragraph might have suffered from poor writing ਀漀爀 猀氀漀瀀瀀礀 攀搀椀琀椀渀最⸀  䤀琀 猀愀礀猀㨀ഊ ਀㰀㰀㰀 吀栀攀 爀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 椀猀㨀 ∀吀栀攀 䌀栀爀椀猀琀洀愀猀ⴀ一攀眀 夀攀愀爀猀 栀漀氀椀搀愀礀猀 愀爀攀 洀愀爀欀攀搀 戀礀 琀栀攀ഊappearance in pastry-shop windows of pampepato di ciccolato, a very ਀漀氀搀 䘀攀爀爀愀爀攀猀攀 猀眀攀攀琀⸀ 䤀琀 椀猀 愀 挀愀欀攀 洀愀搀攀 漀昀 昀氀漀甀爀Ⰰ 挀漀挀漀愀Ⰰ 洀椀氀欀Ⰰ 栀漀渀攀礀ഊ(sugar if honey is not at hand), pepper, spices, almonds, and lemon ਀瀀攀攀氀 眀椀琀栀 挀栀漀挀漀氀愀琀攀 昀爀漀猀琀椀渀最 瀀漀眀搀攀爀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 猀甀最愀爀 愀渀搀 琀椀渀礀 挀愀渀搀椀攀猀⸀ 䤀琀ഊis of ancient lineage. Duke Borso d?Este served pampapati at a banquet ਀漀渀 一漀瘀攀洀戀攀爀 ㄀㄀Ⰰ ㄀㐀㘀㔀Ⰰ 洀愀欀椀渀最 琀栀攀洀 攀砀挀攀瀀琀椀漀渀愀氀氀礀 愀瀀瀀攀琀椀稀椀渀最 戀礀ഊinserting a gold piece in each." >>> ਀ഊI think that the comment about the Duke isn't referring to the pampepato ਀搀椀 挀椀挀挀漀氀愀琀漀Ⰰ 戀甀琀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀爀攀✀猀 愀 爀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 琀漀 琀栀攀 䐀甀欀攀 戀攀椀渀最 猀攀爀瘀攀搀 ഊpampapati. Because that sentence comes just after the chocolate ਀爀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 愀渀搀 搀攀猀挀爀椀瀀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 椀琀 眀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 氀漀最椀挀愀氀 琀漀 愀猀猀甀洀攀 琀栀愀琀 栀椀猀 ഊpampapati is the same as the pampetato di ciccolato. What would have ਀栀攀氀瀀攀搀 眀漀甀氀搀 栀愀瘀攀 戀攀攀渀 琀漀 猀琀愀爀琀 愀 渀攀眀 瀀愀爀愀最爀愀瀀栀 眀椀琀栀 ∀䤀琀 椀猀 漀昀 愀渀挀椀攀渀琀 ഊlineage" and said something like "There is a reference to 'pampapati' in ਀愀渀 愀挀挀漀甀渀琀 搀攀猀挀爀椀戀椀渀最 愀 戀愀渀焀甀攀琀 最椀瘀攀渀 戀礀 琀栀攀 䐀甀欀攀 䈀漀爀猀漀 搀✀䔀猀琀攀 漀渀 ഊNovember 11..." While that isn't perfect, it would be less likely to ਀氀椀渀欀 挀栀漀挀漀氀愀琀攀 愀渀搀 ㄀㐀㘀㔀⸀ഊ ਀䄀氀礀猀 䬀⸀ഊ-- ਀䔀氀椀猀攀 䘀氀攀洀椀渀最ഊalysk at ix.netcom.com ਀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀栀漀洀攀⸀渀攀琀挀漀洀⸀挀漀洀⼀縀愀氀礀猀欀⼀ഊ ਀ഊDate: Wed, 25 Feb 2009 20:00:56 -0500 ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 䨀漀栀渀渀愀 䠀漀氀氀漀眀愀礀 㰀樀漀栀渀渀愀攀 愀琀 洀愀挀⸀挀漀洀㸀ഊSubject: [Sca-cooks] Cakes was Pancakes and Fruitcakes was Happy ਀ऀ匀栀爀漀瘀攀⼀䘀愀琀ऀ吀甀攀猀搀愀礀ഊTo: Cooks within the SCA , "Cat ." ਀ऀ㰀琀最爀挀愀琀㈀　　㄀ 愀琀 礀愀栀漀漀⸀挀漀洀㸀ഊ ਀吀漀漀欀 愀 挀漀甀瀀氀攀 漀昀 搀愀礀猀 琀漀 最攀琀 戀愀挀欀 琀漀 琀栀椀猀㨀ഊ ਀䐀椀最戀礀 栀愀猀 琀栀椀猀 漀渀攀ⴀⴀ 䤀琀 栀愀猀 搀愀琀攀猀Ⰰ 爀愀椀猀椀渀猀Ⰰ 挀椀琀爀漀渀Ⰰ 挀甀甀爀愀渀琀猀Ⰰ 瀀氀甀猀 琀栀攀 ഊspices. ਀ഊTo make a Plumb-Cake. ਀ഊTake a peck of flower, and part it in half. Then take two quarts of good ਀䄀氀攀ⴀ礀攀猀琀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 猀琀爀愀椀渀 椀琀 椀渀琀漀 栀愀氀昀 琀栀攀 昀氀漀眀攀爀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 猀漀洀攀 渀攀眀 洀椀氀欀 戀漀椀氀攀搀Ⰰ ഊand almost cold again; make it into a very light paste, and set it ਀戀攀昀漀爀攀 琀栀攀 昀椀爀攀 琀漀 爀椀猀攀㬀 吀栀攀渀 琀愀欀攀 昀椀瘀攀 瀀漀甀渀搀 漀昀 䈀甀琀琀攀爀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 洀攀氀琀 椀琀 椀渀 ഊa skillet, with a quarter of a pint of Rose-water; when your paste is ਀爀椀猀攀渀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 礀漀甀爀 漀瘀攀渀 愀氀洀漀猀琀 栀漀琀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀 眀椀氀氀 戀攀 戀礀 琀栀椀猀 琀椀洀攀Ⰰ 琀愀欀攀 礀漀甀爀 ഊpaste from the fire, and break it into small pieces, and take your other ਀瀀愀爀琀 漀昀 昀氀漀眀攀爀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 猀琀爀攀眀 椀琀 爀漀甀渀搀 礀漀甀爀 瀀愀猀琀攀㬀 吀栀攀渀 琀愀欀攀 琀栀攀 洀攀氀琀攀搀 ഊButter, and put it to the past, and by degrees work the paste and flower ਀琀漀最攀琀栀攀爀Ⰰ 琀椀氀氀 礀漀甀 栀愀瘀攀 洀椀渀最氀攀搀 愀氀氀 瘀攀爀礀 眀攀氀氀⸀ 吀愀欀攀 猀椀砀 一甀琀洀攀最猀Ⰰ 猀漀洀攀 ഊCinnamon and Mace well beaten, and two pound of Sugar, and strew it into ਀琀栀攀 倀愀猀琀攀Ⰰ 愀猀 琀栀攀礀 愀爀攀 愀 眀漀爀欀椀渀最 椀琀⸀ 吀愀欀攀 琀栀爀攀攀 瀀漀甀渀搀猀 漀昀 刀愀椀猀椀渀猀 ഊstoned, and twelve pounds of Currants very well washed and dryed again; ਀漀渀攀 瀀漀甀渀搀 漀昀 䐀愀琀攀猀 猀氀椀挀攀搀㬀 栀愀氀昀 愀 瀀漀甀渀搀 漀昀 最爀攀攀渀 䌀椀琀爀漀渀 搀爀礀攀搀 愀渀搀 猀氀椀挀攀搀 ഊvery thin; strew all these into the paste, till it have received them ਀愀氀氀㬀 吀栀攀渀 氀攀琀 礀漀甀爀 漀瘀攀渀 戀攀 爀攀愀搀礀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 洀愀欀攀 甀瀀 礀漀甀爀 䌀愀欀攀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 猀攀琀 椀琀 椀渀琀漀 ഊthe oven; but you must have a great care, it doth not take cold. Then to ਀䤀挀攀  椀琀Ⰰ 琀愀欀攀 愀 瀀漀甀渀搀 愀渀搀 栀愀氀昀 漀昀 搀漀甀戀氀攀 爀攀昀椀渀攀搀 匀甀最愀爀 戀攀愀琀攀渀 愀渀搀 ഊsearsed; The whites of three Eggs new-laid, and a little Orange ਀昀氀漀眀攀爀ⴀ眀愀琀攀爀Ⰰ 眀椀琀栀 愀 氀椀琀琀氀攀 洀甀猀欀 愀渀搀 䄀洀戀攀爀最爀攀攀挀攀Ⰰ 戀攀愀琀攀渀 愀渀搀 猀攀愀爀猀攀搀Ⰰ ഊand put to your sugar; Then strew your Sugar into the Eggs, and beat it ਀椀渀 愀 猀琀漀渀攀 䴀漀爀琀愀爀 眀椀琀栀 愀 圀漀漀搀搀攀渀 倀愀猀琀攀氀Ⰰ 琀椀氀氀 椀琀 戀攀 愀猀 眀栀椀琀攀 愀猀 猀渀漀眀Ⰰ ഊwhich will be by that time the Cake is baked; Then draw it to the ovens ਀洀漀甀琀栀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 搀爀漀瀀 椀琀 漀渀Ⰰ 椀渀 眀栀愀琀 昀漀爀洀 礀漀甀 眀椀氀氀㬀 氀攀琀 椀琀 猀琀愀渀搀 愀 氀椀琀琀氀攀 ഊagain in the oven to harden. ਀ഊand also as mentioned already this one too ਀ഊTo make an Excellent Cake. ਀ഊTo a Peck of fine flower, take six pounds of fresh butter, which must be ਀琀攀渀搀攀爀氀礀 洀攀氀琀攀搀Ⰰ 琀攀渀 瀀漀甀渀搀猀 漀昀 䌀甀爀爀愀渀琀猀Ⰰ 漀昀 䌀氀漀瘀攀猀 愀渀搀 䴀愀挀攀Ⰰ 栀愀氀昀 愀渀 ഊounce of each, an ounce of Cinnamon, half an ounce of Nutmegs, four ਀漀甀渀挀攀猀 漀昀 匀甀最愀爀Ⰰ 漀渀攀 瀀椀渀琀 漀昀 匀愀挀欀 洀椀砀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 愀 焀甀愀爀琀 愀琀 氀攀愀猀琀 漀昀 琀栀椀挀欀 ഊbarm of Ale (as soon as it is settled, to have the thick fall to the ਀戀漀琀琀漀洀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀 眀椀氀氀 戀攀Ⰰ 眀栀攀渀 椀琀 椀猀 愀戀漀甀琀 琀眀漀 搀愀礀猀 漀氀搀⤀ 栀愀氀昀 愀 瀀椀渀琀 漀昀 ഊRose-water; half a quarter of an ounce of Saffron. Then make your paste, ਀猀琀爀攀眀椀渀最 琀栀攀 猀瀀椀挀攀猀Ⰰ 昀椀渀攀氀礀 戀攀愀琀攀渀Ⰰ 甀瀀漀渀 琀栀攀 昀氀漀眀攀爀㨀 吀栀攀渀 瀀甀琀 琀栀攀 洀攀氀琀攀搀 ഊbutter (but even just melted) to it; then the barm, and other liquors: ਀愀渀搀 瀀甀琀 椀琀 椀渀琀漀 琀栀攀 漀瘀攀渀 眀攀氀氀 栀攀愀琀攀搀 瀀爀攀猀攀渀琀氀礀⸀ 䘀漀爀 琀栀攀 戀攀琀琀攀爀 戀愀欀椀渀最 漀昀 ഊit, put it in a hoop, and let it stand in the oven one hour and half. ਀夀漀甀 䤀挀攀  琀栀攀 䌀愀欀攀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 眀栀椀琀攀猀 漀昀 琀眀漀 䔀最最猀Ⰰ 愀 猀洀愀氀氀 焀甀愀渀琀椀琀礀 漀昀 ഊRose-water, and some Sugar. ਀ഊMarkham in the 1623 Countrey contentments, or The English husvvife has ਀琀栀椀猀 瀀氀愀椀渀 猀瀀椀挀攀 漀渀攀 琀栀愀琀 戀愀欀攀猀 甀瀀 愀猀 猀洀愀氀氀 挀愀欀攀猀㨀ഊ ਀吀漀 洀愀欀攀 攀砀挀攀氀氀攀渀琀 猀瀀椀挀攀 䌀愀欀攀猀Ⰰ 琀愀欀攀 栀愀氀昀攀 愀 瀀攀挀欀攀 漀昀 瘀攀爀礀 昀椀渀攀 ഊWheat-flower, take almost one pound of sweet butter, and some good milke ਀愀渀搀 挀爀攀愀洀攀 洀椀砀琀 琀漀最攀琀栀攀爀Ⰰ 猀攀琀 椀琀 漀渀 琀栀攀 昀椀爀攀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 瀀甀琀 椀渀 礀漀甀爀 戀甀琀琀攀爀Ⰰ ഊand a good deale of sugar, and let it melt together: then straine ਀匀愀昀昀爀漀渀 椀渀琀漀 礀漀甀爀 洀椀氀欀攀 愀 最漀漀搀 焀甀愀渀琀椀琀礀㬀 琀栀攀渀 琀愀欀攀 猀攀甀攀渀 漀爀 攀椀最栀琀 ഊspoonefull of good Ale barme, and eight egges with two yelkes and mix ਀琀栀攀洀 琀漀最攀琀栀攀爀Ⰰ 琀栀攀渀 瀀甀琀 礀漀甀爀 洀椀氀欀攀 琀漀 椀琀 眀栀攀渀 椀琀 椀猀 猀漀洀攀眀栀愀琀 挀漀氀搀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 ഊinto your flower put salt, Aniseedes bruised, Cloues and Mace, and a ਀最漀漀搀 搀攀愀氀攀 漀昀 䌀椀渀愀洀漀渀㨀 琀栀攀渀 眀漀爀欀攀 愀氀氀 琀漀最攀琀栀攀爀 最漀漀搀 愀渀搀 猀琀椀昀昀攀Ⰰ 琀栀愀琀 礀漀甀 ഊneed not worke in any flower after; then put in a little rosewater cold, ਀琀栀攀渀 爀甀戀 椀琀 眀攀氀氀 椀渀 琀栀攀 琀栀椀渀最 礀漀甀 欀渀攀愀搀 椀琀 椀渀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 眀漀爀欀攀 椀琀 琀栀爀漀甀最栀氀礀㨀 ഊif it be not sweet enough, scrape in a little more suger, and pull it ਀愀氀氀 椀渀 瀀攀攀挀攀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 栀甀爀氀攀 椀渀 愀 最漀漀搀 焀甀愀渀琀椀琀礀 漀昀 䌀甀爀爀愀渀琀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 猀漀 眀漀爀欀攀 ഊall together againe, and bake your Cake as you see cause in a gentle ਀眀愀爀洀攀 漀甀攀渀⸀ഊ ਀䄀渀搀 栀攀爀攀 椀猀 栀椀猀 漀渀攀 昀漀爀 愀 䈀愀渀戀甀爀礀 䌀愀欀攀㨀ഊ ਀吀漀 洀愀欀攀 愀 瘀攀爀礀 最漀漀搀 䈀愀渀戀甀爀礀 䌀愀欀攀Ⰰ 琀愀欀攀 㐀⸀ 瀀漀甀渀搀猀 漀昀 䌀甀爀爀愀渀琀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 眀愀猀栀 ഊand picke them very cleane, and drie them in a cloth: then take three ਀攀最最攀猀 愀渀搀 瀀甀琀 愀眀愀礀 漀渀攀 礀攀氀欀攀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 戀攀愀琀攀 琀栀攀洀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 猀琀爀愀椀渀攀 琀栀攀洀 眀椀琀栀 最漀漀搀 ഊbarme, putting thereto Cloues, Mace, Cinamon and Nutmegges; then take a ਀瀀椀渀琀 漀昀 挀爀攀愀洀攀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 愀猀 洀甀挀栀 洀漀爀渀椀渀最猀 洀椀氀欀攀 愀渀搀 猀攀琀 椀琀 漀渀攀 琀栀攀 昀椀爀攀 琀椀氀氀 ഊthe cold bee taken away; then take flower and put in good store of cold ਀戀甀琀琀攀爀 愀渀搀 猀甀最攀爀Ⰰ 琀栀攀渀 瀀甀琀 椀渀 礀漀甀爀 攀最最攀猀Ⰰ 戀愀爀洀攀 愀渀搀 洀攀愀氀攀 愀渀搀 眀漀爀欀攀 琀栀攀洀 ഊall together an houre or more; then saue a part of the Past, and the ਀爀攀猀琀 戀爀攀愀欀攀 椀渀 瀀攀攀挀攀猀 愀渀搀 眀漀爀欀攀 椀渀 礀漀甀爀 䌀甀爀爀愀渀琀猀㬀 眀栀椀挀栀 搀漀渀攀Ⰰ 洀漀甀氀搀 礀漀甀爀 ഊCake of what quantity you please; And then with that past which hath not ਀愀渀礀 䌀甀爀爀愀渀琀猀 挀漀甀攀爀 椀琀 瘀攀爀礀 琀栀椀渀渀攀 戀漀琀栀 瘀渀搀攀爀渀攀愀琀栀 愀渀搀 愀 氀漀昀琀⸀ 䄀渀搀 猀漀 ഊbake it according to the bignesse. ਀ഊJohnnae ਀ഊ ਀䔀搀椀琀攀搀 戀礀 䴀愀爀欀 匀⸀ 䠀愀爀爀椀猀ऀ昀爀甀椀琀挀愀欀攀ⴀ洀猀最ऀ㄀㔀 漀昀 ㄀㘀ഊ ਊ