pizza-msg – 7/20/18 Period pizza, or at least similar dishes. NOTE: See also the files: bread-msg, breadmaking-msg, mushrooms-msg, cheese-msg, fd-Italy-msg, tomato-hist-art, Bagels-art, cheese-breads-msg, It-Stufd-Lofs-art. ************************************************************************ NOTICE - This file is a collection of various messages having a common theme that I have collected from my reading of the various computer networks. Some messages date back to 1989, some may be as recent as yesterday. This file is part of a collection of files called Stefan's Florilegium. These files are available on the Internet at: http://www.florilegium.org I have done a limited amount of editing. Messages having to do with separate topics were sometimes split into different files and sometimes extraneous information was removed. For instance, the message IDs were removed to save space and remove clutter. The comments made in these messages are not necessarily my viewpoints. I make no claims as to the accuracy of the information given by the individual authors. Please respect the time and efforts of those who have written these messages. The copyright status of these messages is unclear at this time. If information is published from these messages, please give credit to the originator(s). Thank you, Mark S. Harris AKA: THLord Stefan li Rous Stefan at florilegium.org ************************************************************************ From: L Herr-Gelatt and J R Gelatt Date: Wed, 30 Apr 97 08:28:48 -0700 Subject: SC - FWD: Pizza Origins In light of the recent Pizza Discussion, I forward this post from rec.food.historic. I don't necessarily agree with all the findings, but there are a few interesting facts towards the end and a high-school type bibliography. Aoife "Adam Nolley" wrote: >(Note: this is the paper I wrote for English class on the subject that I >promised I'd post. There was more to it, but I've only posted the >important part.) > >_The Origin Of Pizza_ > I'll start with the things that are certain. Pizza originated in Naples, >Italy. The word pizza means pie in Italian, referring to any type of pie. >The dish we refer to as pizza is really pizza alla Napoletana, pizza >Americana, or pizza Margherita. > That is about all the historical information about pizza that is known for >sure. Most of the other evidence about the origin of pizza is largely >speculative. The majority of it was put together by Neapolitan (the people >of Naples) chauvinists. However, since there is no better source of >evidence, it's what we have to use. > Pizza probably evolved from the Greek wafer bread laganon. In fact, the >term laganon survives today in Greece as a name for a type of pizza. The >idea of baking thin yeast breads like laganon has been around for thousands >of years. These breads are first cousins of pizza. > When pizza is made, the thin wafery bread becomes a portable meal. >Toppings are added, and the crust enables it to be eaten by hand. It can >be thought of as the first fast food! > To think of pizza brings to mind, at the very least, tomato sauce and >cheese. The original pizzas, known as pizza bianca were rather plain and >resembled a garlic bread. The tomato wasn't central to the pizza bianca >because of its fairly late arrival in Italian cooking. In fact, the plain >pizza can still be found all over Italy today. > The traditional date for the invention of what we regard as basic pizza is >1889. Raffaele Esposito, a famed pizza maker, was invited to the palace of >King Umberton I of Savoy and made three different types of pizza for Queen >Margherita. She preferred the pizza with tomato, mozzarella, and basil. >It was named after her (pizza Margherita) and is still called by this name >in Italy. > Pizza became really popular in America during the 1950s. It is now a >staple food for people of all ages, races, and cultures. Pizza has become >an integral part of our culture, and many new ideas have come from this, >like Mexican pizza and others. Pizza, no matter where it came from, is >here to stay. > >_Bibliography_ > >Bromey, Haworth. Email interview. March 21, 1997. rec.food.historic. > >"Food." The World Book Encyclopedia. v 7. 1993. > >Isaacs, Howard. Email interview. March 23, 1997. rec.food.historic. > >Moss, Tim. Email interview. March 21, 1997. rec.food.historic. > >"Naples." The World Book Encyclopedia. v 14. 1993. > >Nielson, Susan. Email interview. March 26, 1997. rec.food.historic. > >"Pizza." Women's Day Encyclopedia of Cooking. v 9. 1966. > >Shein, Barry. Email interview. March 21, 1997. rec.food.historic. > >Slokolov, Raymond. "The Pizza Connection." Natural History. February, >1989. Date: Thu, 06 Aug 1998 20:27:20 -0500 From: Mike and Pat Luco Subject: SC - OOP- Margarita Napolitana et al... Dear Adamantius and interested others, PIZZA the Naples way. Start with a simple foccia dough, grab a BIG fistful and throw it until you get a thin disk. Lay it out and drizzle olive oil, not tomato sauce, onto the dough. Then sprinkle small pieces of tomato, fresh basil leaves, and cubed bufalo cheese (made from water buffalo milk) Bake in a wood fired brick/stone oven till the dough puffs and slightly burns and the cheese melts. You have just made pizza Margarita!! Don't forget a salad of fresh greens, arugula and (again) olive oil with balsamic vinegar. Other varieties of PIZZA available, most without tomato sauce (yea)! Oh, I do like tomato sauce, just not on my pizza. (Dominos does not know how to do this?) Noncanned freshly preserved anchovies are a treat when served with octopus, clams, and other fruits of the sea, Fruti de Mar. Oh Italy, gastronomic motherland. Henri and Antea Date: Sun, 09 Aug 1998 10:32:14 -0400 From: Phil & Susan Troy Subject: Re: SC - Views on British Food THLRenata at aol.com wrote: > Adamantius writes: > >>since very few places in America grasp the basic > concept either. They make some very nice dishes _called_ pizza in places like > California and the Chicago area. They just aren't pizza.<< > > So, tell us, Master A -- just what *is* pizza? Hmmm. How to explain. Rule number one seems to be that pizza simply means a flat bread. What most people mean by pizza, though, is a pizza margarita, and its variations, which involve a tomoato-ey topping and cheese. Basically Henri and Antea are correct about what constitutes a pizza margarita. The people who first made them used very specific ingredients and methods to attain a very specific effect, and either the pizza maker achieves this or doesn't: there are no half measures. Extremely fine, white, high-gluten flour is used, kneaded just right, and then hand-thrown, either on a board or marble slab, or stretching by hand, the method most often seen in the States, to produce a fine web of gluten strands across the upper and lower surfaces of the pizza. This is what gives pizza its characteristic crunch, and the fluffy chewy layer under the outer crust. Unlike other breads, pizza is not left to rise for any length of time after forming: the reason it has large bubbles in it is what is known as oven spring. The large bubbles come from steam, not CO2-producing yeast, which is why a pizza needs such high heat. My experience with virtually every chain or franchise pizzeria is that they don't achieve the effect. The places in America where they _do_ achieve this tend to be small pizzerias where the people making them have been doing it for years. It's also very difficult to make a good pizza and have it travel for anything more than a mile or so, maximum. Putting a steaming hot pizza into a cardboard box for transport for more than a couple of minutes is disastrous. Lessee now, what else? It's probably easier to say what pizza is _not_. Pizza is not made in a pan of any kind. It is _never_ topped with cheddar cheese, ar anything mixed therewith. It rarely, if ever, has any additional toppings other than tomato (and I do mean tomato, not tomato sauce), seasonings, and cheese. Anchovies are acceptable, and mushrooms or sausage are all right, if not strictly canonical. Same for peppers or onion. Pineapple is _right out_. In general more than one or two toppings in addition to the tomato and cheese are looked down upon in Naples, which appears to be the birthplace of what most people call pizza. The city of Naples, BTW, more or less claims the legal right to call itself the birthplace of the pizza. I actually read an interview on the subject of pizza with the mayor of Naples and the chairman of the Neapolitan Chamber of Commerce, and they were pretty clear about what constitutes a pizza, and what doesn't (although it was ever so slightly tongue-in-cheek). They discussed a specific date (1762?) for the invention of the pizza margarita, and although this seems a bit late to me, I've been unable to document the pizza most of us know any earlier than that. I have no reason to believe that previous incarnations would have been the same thing sans tomato, either. > Granted, one of the best pizzas I ever ate was in Venice, Italy (as opposed to > Venice, CA, where I've also had good pizza) but aside from my chosen topping > -- fresh mussels steamed in wine -- it was not all that different from other > pizzas I've had before or since. I can't decide if that means you've been extremely lucky (as I've said, there is real pizza out there, it's just that most of the people selling what they claim _is_ pizza, isn't) or consistently unlucky. I have no way to even guess, but I have to confess that the idea of mussels, probably out of their shells, in a pizza oven at a temperature upwards of 800 or 900 degrees Fahrenheit, seems ill-advised. Maybe the cooking is brief enough to heat them through without drying them out. In any case, I concede again that inauthentic pizza, or even pizza that doesn't qualify as pizza (anything sold by Pizzeria Uno or by Wolfgang Puck at Spago, f'r instance) can be perfectly fine food, even if the mayor of Napoli would disagree. Adamantius Date: Fri, 18 Apr 2003 14:09:51 -0400 To: sca-cooks at ansteorra.org From: "Phil Troy/ G. Tacitus Adamantius" Subject: Re: [Sca-cooks] YKYITSCAW... Also sprach Decker, Terry D.: >>>> While I would agree that Michelangelo Buonarroti probably did not eat Neapolitan pizza and I would suggest a 1528 date (Cortez's return to Spain) for the introduction of the tomato into Europe, Michelangelo lived until 1564. It is possible he did eat tomatoes. It's just that there is no evidence to prove or refute the claim. Bear <<<< It's also possible, and in fact fairly likely, I suspect, that he ate something called pizza that did not contain tomatoes. I was reading only the other day a book (whose title I forget and would have to dig for) about changes in immigrant Italian, Irish, Jewish, and other foodways once the cultures entered America. Somewhere in there is a quote from someone (possibly a Sicilian immigrant -- my memory could be faulty on this, but while it may be inaccurate, it usually doesn't make up stuff out of whole cloth), to the effect that the pizza in America is weird: they put tomatoes and cheese on it, instead of olive oil and onions like any right-thinking person. This would have been post-1880 C.E., and the idea being that, for example, a Sicilian would be more likely to encounter Roman or Neapolitan food in America than if he had stayed in Italy. P.S: "Hungering for America" by Hasia R. Diner (good name, huh?) Adamantius Date: Thu, 15 Apr 2004 06:33:48 -0700 (PDT) From: Louise Smithson Subject: [Sca-cooks] Re: period pizza To: sca-cooks at ansteorra.org Stefan wrote: Helewyse, or anyone else, can you post this recipe from Scappi? It has been several years since we discussed period pizza or period pizz possibilities. A lot of it really depends upon your definition of "pizza". Anyway, I'd love to see some additional information. <<<<< Stefan, here is the recipe from Scappi, the original in Italian, the translation and how I redacted it for my recent feast. (Scappi, B., Opera : (dell' arte del cucinare). Reprint. First published: Opera di M. Bartolomeo Scappi. Venice, 1570. 1981, Bologna: Arnaldo Forni. [20], 436 leaves [ca. 888 p.], [28] p. of plates. ) Per fare pizza sfogliata dal vulgo detta sfogliat ascuitta. [1] Cap CXXVIII, quinto libro,folio 367. Piglisi un sfoglio di pasta tirato sottile, fatto come gl’antescritti, & habbisi una tortiera onta di butiro liquefatto, & sopra essa tortiera pongasi un sfoglio d’essa pasta, alquanto grossetto, & sopa esso sfoglio mettansi dieci altri sfogli sottile, onti tra l’uno, & l’altro di butiro, & spolverizzati di zuccaro, & fiore di sambuco secchi, o verdi, & faccisi cuocere al forno, o sotto il testo; & cotto che sarà, servasi calda con zuccaro, & acquarosa sopra. A un’altro modo si potrebbe fare, tirato il sfoglio come s’è detto, ongasi di butiro liquefatto, & lascisi alquanto raffreddare, & spargasi un’altra volta d’esso butiro, & spolverizzisi di zuccaro, & faccisi un tortiglione di sei rivoltur, & come è fatto ongasi per il lungo, & rivolgasi à foggi di laberinto, & mettasi nelle totiera, dove sia un’altro sfoglio di pasta onta di butiro, & con la mano onta di butiro caldo (acciò la pasta no s’attacchi) venga a spianarsi, di modo che non rimnga piu alta d’un dito, & col ! nodo del pugno vadasocaldando in modo che gli resti il segno, spargasegli butiro liquefatto sopra, & facciasi cuocere al forno con lento fuoco, & servasi caldo con zuccaro, & acqua rosa sopra, se non si volesse spolerizzare di zuccaro, & acqua rosa sopra; mettasi il zuccaro nella pasta, & per bellezza si puo fare essa pizza col tortiglione sfogliato incirca. To make pizza of many layers, commonly cold dry layered pastry. [1] Take a sheet of pasta that has been plled thin, made as is described in the previous recipe, have a tart pan greased with melted butter, and into this pan add a sheet of this pasta that is large enough. Above this sheet put another 10 thin sheets, greasing between each one with butter ad powdering with sugar and elder flowers, either fresh or dried. And put it to cook in the oven or underneath a “testo”, and when it is cooked serve hot with sugar and rose water on top. There is another way that one can make this, pull a sheet as is described and grease with melted butter, and let it chill a little, and sprinkle again with this butter, and powder with sugar and make a ring shaped pastry of six turns (roll pastry on itself). And when it is made grease it along the length, and turn in the shape of a laberinth or knot, and put in the tart pan, where there is already another sheet of the pastry greased with butter, and with hands greased with melted butter (in order that the pasta does not stick to them) begin to turn it, in the way that it doesn't become any higher than a finger, and with the flat of your fist push it down so that it remains within, sprinkle with melted butter and put to cook in the oven with slow fire. And serve hot with sugar and rose water above, and if one does not want to powder it with sugar and rosewater above, one can put sugar in the pastry, and for beauty one can make this pizza with little layered tarts that are in circles. Layered pastry Ingredients 1/2 pack filo dough thawed 1/4 lb butter1 cup sugar 2 tablespoons cinnamon Method Melt the butter and keep warm so that it will spread. Working quickly remove a sheet of filo dough from the packet, keep the remainder covered with a damp towel. Lay the filo dough on a board, brush with buttr, cover with another sheet of dough and repeat the butter, cover with another sheet of dough butter and then sprinkle with cinnamon and sugar. Repeat this layering, 3 sheets filo then cinnamon and sugar, until 12 sheets of filo have been used. Finis with a layer of cinnamon and sugar. Slice the sheet into triangles. Bake in a pre-heated 400 F oven (or at the temperature recommended on the filo packet) until golden brown. Allow to cool, serve cold. Note: After taste testing this dish made withboth dried elder flowers and with cinnamon the consensus was that cinnamon tasted better. It also prevents the dessert menu from becoming overpowered with flower scented dishes. Helewyse Date: Thu, 15 Apr 2004 09:03:25 -0700 (PDT) From: Louise Smithson Subject: [Sca-cooks] Re: period pizza To: sca-cooks at ansteorra.org Huette wrote: >Have you ever made this with pasta rather than filo? Huette, I worked up this recipe for a feast. Consequently I had no intention of making my own dough (there is a limit to how much insane work I will put myself through). The recipe for the pastry for the dough has as ingredients (if I remember correctly) - flour, water, sugar, rosewater, butter and egg yolks. I can look it up tonight if you are interested. Helewyse Date: Thu, 15 Apr 2004 12:05:09 -0400 From: "Phil Troy / G. Tacitus Adamantius" Subject: Re: [Sca-cooks] Re: period pizza To: Cooks within the SCA Also sprach Huette von Ahrens: > Have you ever made this with pasta rather than filo? > Huette It seems to me it could be done; I suspect we're looking at a strudel, or something very close to it. Adamantius Date: Thu, 15 Apr 2004 09:34:05 -0700 From: david friedman Subject: [Sca-cooks] Re: period pizza To: Cooks within the SCA Helewyse wrote: > Stefan, here is the recipe from Scappi, the > original in Italian, the translation and how I > redacted it for my recent feast. > > (Scappi, B., Opera : (dell' arte del cucinare). > Reprint. First published: Opera di M. Bartolomeo > Scappi. Venice, 1570. 1981, Bologna: Arnaldo > Forni. [20], 436 leaves [ca. 888 p.], [28] p. of > plates. ) > > Per fare pizza sfogliata dal vulgo detta sfogliata ascuitta. [1] > Cap CXXVIII, quinto libro,folio 367. > Piglisi un sfoglio di pasta tirato sottile, fatto come glíantescritti, > ... What is the preceding recipe? And does "pasta" here mean pasta in the modern sense or is it like the English recipes which say "paste" and it could mean any kind of dough? > To make pizza of many layers, commonly cold dry layered pastry. [1] > Take a sheet of pasta that has been pulled thin, > made as is described in the previous recipe,... Elizabeth of Dendermonde/Betty Cook Date: Fri, 14 Apr 2006 09:34:30 -0400 From: "grizly" Subject: RE: Food-related Meta-Issue To: "Cooks within the SCA" Here's for the one trying to make it work with his preferences and OUR RULES. I didn't include the period latin text plus translation by Scully on my webpage for some odd reason, but can get it for you if desired: http://franiccolo.home.mindspring.com/crostata_de_caso_pane.html Crosini/crostoni with a light sprinkling of cinnamon sugar and fat cheese. He never said what size cheese pizza he needed . . . so a 2" circle would fit. I'll bet there are other versions, like even the one version of Savory Toasted Cheese that was served open-faced on toast. It might have been the Northwest heresy version :o) niccolo difrancesco Date: Thu, 6 Aug 2009 16:35:11 -0700 (PDT) From: Raphaella DiContini Subject: Re: [Sca-cooks] 16th Century Pizza To: Cooks within the SCA There were variations of "pizza" pre-1600, but none that I know of mention anything about tomato. If you're just talking about flat disks of some sort of dough with toppings, most of the recipes that I've seen tend to be much more often fruit, sugar and sweet spices. Just a quick run through Scappi yeilds a menu entry for the 8th of October, first dish, first service from side board: Layered pizza made with fine wheat flour, egg yolks, sugar and butter                   Translation from Helewyse de Birkestad http://www.geocities.com/helewyse/octobermenus.html She also posted an interesting paper on the nature of 16th century Italian pizza, and there's not a tomato in site. :) http://www.geocities.com/helewyse/pizza.html Raffaella Date: Thu, 28 Apr 2011 21:18:15 +1000 From: "Cary" Subject: Re: [Lochac] period pizza? To: "'The Shambles: the SCA Lochac mailing list'" I strongly commend the following book to anyone interested in the complete history of the evolution of Italian food. Don't make too many assumptions about pizza. Dickie, John (2007) 'Delizia! The epic history of Italians and their food' Hodder & Stoughton, London ISBN 978 0 340 89641 9 I love the section on the futurists and fascists. Hrolf Edited by Mark S. Harris pizza-msg Page 3 of 10