oatcakes-msg - 9/5/09 ਀ഊPeriod oatcakes. ਀ഊNOTE: See also the files: bread-msg, flour-msg, brd-mk-flat-msg, grains-msg, Scotland-msg, fd-Scotland-msg, utensils-msg, ovens-msg. ਀ഊ************************************************************************ ਀一伀吀䤀䌀䔀 ⴀഊ ਀吀栀椀猀 昀椀氀攀 椀猀 愀 挀漀氀氀攀挀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 瘀愀爀椀漀甀猀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀 栀愀瘀椀渀最 愀 挀漀洀洀漀渀 琀栀攀洀攀 琀栀愀琀 䤀 栀愀瘀攀 挀漀氀氀攀挀琀攀搀 昀爀漀洀 洀礀 爀攀愀搀椀渀最 漀昀 琀栀攀 瘀愀爀椀漀甀猀 挀漀洀瀀甀琀攀爀 渀攀琀眀漀爀欀猀⸀ 匀漀洀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀 搀愀琀攀 戀愀挀欀 琀漀 ㄀㤀㠀㤀Ⰰ 猀漀洀攀 洀愀礀 戀攀 愀猀 爀攀挀攀渀琀 愀猀 礀攀猀琀攀爀搀愀礀⸀ഊ ਀吀栀椀猀 昀椀氀攀 椀猀 瀀愀爀琀 漀昀 愀 挀漀氀氀攀挀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 昀椀氀攀猀 挀愀氀氀攀搀 匀琀攀昀愀渀✀猀 䘀氀漀爀椀氀攀最椀甀洀⸀ 吀栀攀猀攀 昀椀氀攀猀 愀爀攀 愀瘀愀椀氀愀戀氀攀 漀渀 琀栀攀 䤀渀琀攀爀渀攀琀 愀琀㨀 栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀昀氀漀爀椀氀攀最椀甀洀⸀漀爀最ഊ ਀䤀 栀愀瘀攀 搀漀渀攀 愀 氀椀洀椀琀攀搀 愀洀漀甀渀琀 漀昀 攀搀椀琀椀渀最⸀ 䴀攀猀猀愀最攀猀 栀愀瘀椀渀最 琀漀 搀漀 眀椀琀栀 猀攀瀀愀爀愀琀攀 琀漀瀀椀挀猀 眀攀爀攀 猀漀洀攀琀椀洀攀猀 猀瀀氀椀琀 椀渀琀漀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀 昀椀氀攀猀 愀渀搀 猀漀洀攀琀椀洀攀猀 攀砀琀爀愀渀攀漀甀猀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 眀愀猀 爀攀洀漀瘀攀搀⸀ 䘀漀爀 椀渀猀琀愀渀挀攀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀 䤀䐀猀 眀攀爀攀 爀攀洀漀瘀攀搀 琀漀 猀愀瘀攀 猀瀀愀挀攀 愀渀搀 爀攀洀漀瘀攀 挀氀甀琀琀攀爀⸀ഊ ਀吀栀攀 挀漀洀洀攀渀琀猀 洀愀搀攀 椀渀 琀栀攀猀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀 愀爀攀 渀漀琀 渀攀挀攀猀猀愀爀椀氀礀 洀礀 瘀椀攀眀瀀漀椀渀琀猀⸀ 䤀 洀愀欀攀 渀漀 挀氀愀椀洀猀 愀猀 琀漀 琀栀攀 愀挀挀甀爀愀挀礀 漀昀 琀栀攀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 最椀瘀攀渀 戀礀 琀栀攀 椀渀搀椀瘀椀搀甀愀氀 愀甀琀栀漀爀猀⸀ഊ ਀倀氀攀愀猀攀 爀攀猀瀀攀挀琀 琀栀攀 琀椀洀攀 愀渀搀 攀昀昀漀爀琀猀 漀昀 琀栀漀猀攀 眀栀漀 栀愀瘀攀 眀爀椀琀琀攀渀 琀栀攀猀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀⸀ 吀栀攀 挀漀瀀礀爀椀最栀琀 猀琀愀琀甀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀猀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀 椀猀 甀渀挀氀攀愀爀 愀琀 琀栀椀猀 琀椀洀攀⸀ 䤀昀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 椀猀 瀀甀戀氀椀猀栀攀搀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀猀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀Ⰰ 瀀氀攀愀猀攀 最椀瘀攀 挀爀攀搀椀琀 琀漀 琀栀攀 漀爀椀最椀渀愀琀漀爀⠀猀⤀⸀ഊ ਀吀栀愀渀欀 礀漀甀Ⰰഊ Mark S. Harris AKA: THLord Stefan li Rous ਀                                          匀琀攀昀愀渀 愀琀 昀氀漀爀椀氀攀最椀甀洀⸀漀爀最ഊ************************************************************************ ਀ഊNewsgroups: rec.org.sca ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 猀栀愀昀攀爀 愀琀 昀攀爀栀椀渀漀⸀搀昀爀挀⸀渀愀猀愀⸀最漀瘀 ⠀䴀愀爀礀 匀栀愀昀攀爀⤀ഊSubject: Re: bread (was Re: meadmaking help.....) ਀伀爀最愀渀椀稀愀琀椀漀渀㨀 一䄀匀䄀 䐀爀礀搀攀渀 䘀氀椀最栀琀 刀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀 䌀攀渀琀攀爀ഊDate: Mon, 16 Oct 1995 04:10:41 GMT ਀ഊElizabeth David, in her book "English Bread and Yeast Cookery", has a ਀挀栀愀瀀琀攀爀 琀椀琀氀攀搀 ∀䴀愀渀挀栀攀琀猀 愀渀搀 䴀愀礀渀 愀渀搀 倀愀礀渀搀攀洀愀礀渀∀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀 椀渀挀氀甀搀攀猀 琀栀攀ഊrecipe posted about two messages back from this, plus one from Gervase ਀䴀愀爀欀栀愀洀Ⰰ ∀吀栀攀 䔀渀最氀椀猀栀 䠀甀猀ⴀ眀椀昀攀∀Ⰰ ㄀㘀㄀㔀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 愀 洀漀搀攀爀渀 瘀攀爀猀椀漀渀⸀  ⠀䴀漀猀琀氀礀ഊscaled down, since the posted recipe wanted half a bushel of flour and ਀䐀愀瘀椀搀 渀漀琀攀猀 琀栀愀琀 愀 戀甀猀栀攀氀 眀愀猀 㔀㘀 琀漀 㘀　 氀戀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀 洀愀欀攀猀 猀漀洀攀眀栀愀琀 洀漀爀攀ഊbread than many of us are interested in). Scattered throughout the ਀戀漀漀欀 愀爀攀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 愀戀漀甀琀 栀漀眀 戀爀攀愀搀 眀愀猀 挀甀琀 椀渀 挀⸀ ㄀㔀　㠀 ⠀昀爀漀洀 ∀琀栀攀ഊBoke of Kervynge) and a number of period and near-period recipes ਀⠀䬀攀渀搀愀氀 伀愀琀挀愀欀攀猀 昀爀漀洀 ㄀㘀㤀㠀Ⰰ 昀漀爀 攀砀愀洀瀀氀攀⤀⸀ഊ ਀䤀昀 礀漀甀 眀愀渀琀 琀漀 欀渀漀眀 攀瘀攀爀礀琀栀椀渀最 琀漀 欀渀漀眀 愀戀漀甀琀 䔀渀最氀椀猀栀 戀爀攀愀搀 愀渀搀 礀攀愀猀琀ഊcookery, buy this book. It's really excellent--it tells you ਀攀瘀攀爀礀琀栀椀渀最 昀爀漀洀 眀栀椀挀栀 猀琀漀渀攀 琀漀 甀猀攀 椀渀 礀漀甀爀 洀椀氀氀 漀渀眀愀爀搀⸀  䤀琀✀猀 椀渀 瀀爀椀渀琀ഊin a US version and is ISBN 0-9643600-0-4 (the original, British ਀攀搀椀琀椀漀渀 栀愀猀 愀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀 䤀匀䈀一⤀⸀  䔀瘀攀渀 椀昀 礀漀甀 渀攀瘀攀爀 戀愀欀攀 愀 猀椀渀最氀攀 琀栀椀渀最ഊfrom it, you'll enjoy reading it and you'll learn a lot from it. ਀ഊThis book finally explained to me why English supermarket white bread ਀椀猀 猀漀 搀爀攀愀搀昀甀氀 ⠀攀瘀攀渀 眀漀爀猀攀 琀栀愀渀 圀漀渀搀攀爀 䈀爀攀愀搀⤀ⴀⴀ椀琀 挀漀渀琀愀椀渀猀Ⰰ 焀甀椀琀攀ഊlegally, a great deal more water than does its US counterpart. ਀ⴀⴀഊMary Shafer ਀匀刀ⴀ㜀㄀ 䌀栀椀攀昀 䔀渀最椀渀攀攀爀   一䄀匀䄀 䐀爀礀搀攀渀 䘀氀椀最栀琀 刀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀 䌀攀渀琀攀爀Ⰰ 䔀搀眀愀爀搀猀Ⰰ 䌀䄀ഊshafer at ferhino.dfrc.nasa.gov ਀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀搀昀爀挀⸀渀愀猀愀⸀最漀瘀⼀倀攀漀瀀氀攀⼀匀栀愀昀攀爀⼀洀愀爀礀⸀栀琀洀氀ഊ ਀ഊDate: Fri, 19 Sep 1997 21:55:10 -0400 ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 倀栀椀氀椀瀀 ☀ 匀甀猀愀渀 吀爀漀礀 㰀琀爀漀礀 愀琀 愀猀愀渀⸀挀漀洀㸀ഊSubject: Re: SC - oat recipe ਀ഊL Herr-Gelatt and J R Gelatt wrote: ਀㸀 圀栀椀氀攀 琀栀攀猀攀 愀爀攀 渀漀琀 搀漀挀甀洀攀渀琀攀搀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀猀Ⰰ 䌀栀攀攀猀攀 愀渀搀 漀琀栀攀爀 昀漀漀搀 眀愀猀 瀀漀琀琀攀搀 椀渀ഊ> late period, and oatcakes are so simple to make that I am unaware of an ਀㸀 栀椀猀琀漀爀椀挀愀氀 攀砀愀洀瀀氀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀椀爀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀Ⰰ 愀氀琀栀漀甀最栀 䤀 栀愀瘀攀 爀攀愀搀 愀挀挀漀甀渀琀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀椀爀ഊ> existence. Somewhere on a disc in Word Perfect I have a paper about ਀㸀 匀挀漀琀琀椀猀栀 昀漀漀搀⸀ 䤀琀✀猀 猀甀挀栀 愀渀 漀氀搀 瘀攀爀猀椀漀渀 琀栀愀琀 洀礀 ✀瀀甀琀攀爀 挀愀渀✀琀 椀渀琀攀爀瀀爀攀琀 椀琀ഊ> now. Sigh. ਀ഊAoife, check out Giulielma Penn's Receipt Book. I believe she died in ਀㄀㘀㤀㐀⸀ 吀栀攀爀攀✀猀 愀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀 椀渀 琀栀攀爀攀 昀漀爀 伀愀琀挀愀欀攀猀 ⠀琀眀漀Ⰰ 愀挀琀甀愀氀氀礀⤀ 琀栀愀琀 洀愀礀ഊpredate her marriage to William Penn bt a generation or two, which would ਀洀愀欀攀 椀琀 渀漀洀椀渀愀氀氀礀 愀挀挀攀瀀琀愀戀氀攀 愀猀 瀀攀爀椀漀搀Ⰰ 洀漀爀攀 漀爀 氀攀猀猀⸀ 吀栀椀猀 瘀攀爀猀椀漀渀 椀猀ഊmore like a North English havercake, though. Flat and thin but made from ਀愀 戀愀琀琀攀爀 漀昀 瀀愀琀猀 愀渀搀 猀瀀爀椀渀最 眀愀琀攀爀⸀ 䴀愀礀戀攀 猀漀洀攀 猀愀氀琀⸀ 䬀椀渀搀愀 氀椀欀攀 愀 挀爀漀猀猀ഊbetween dog biscuits and matzoh. Actually, quite good, especially with ਀匀氀椀瀀挀漀琀攀 挀栀攀攀猀攀⸀ 吀栀攀 吀⸀䤀⸀ 愀爀琀椀挀氀攀 䤀 搀椀搀 愀 挀漀甀瀀氀攀 漀昀 礀攀愀爀猀 愀最漀 漀渀ഊpreserved travel foods, "The Pilgrim's Picninc Basket", is webbed at ਀琀栀椀猀 唀刀䰀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 栀愀猀 愀 爀攀搀愀挀琀椀漀渀㨀ഊ ਀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀愀搀攀氀瀀栀椀⸀攀搀甀⼀縀猀戀氀漀挀栀⼀猀挀愀⼀挀漀漀欀椀渀最⼀瀀瀀戀⸀栀琀洀氀⌀漀愀琀挀愀欀攀猀ഊ ਀䄀搀愀洀愀渀琀椀甀猀ഊ ਀ഊDate: Mon, 18 May 1998 09:17:35 -0400 ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 ∀䰀䠀䜀Ⰰ 䨀刀䜀∀ 㰀氀椀漀渀琀愀洀爀 愀琀 瀀琀搀⸀渀攀琀㸀ഊSubject: SC - Lindow Man's Last Meal ਀ഊHallo! ਀䤀 愀洀 渀漀 氀漀渀最攀爀 爀攀挀椀攀瘀椀渀最 琀栀攀 氀椀猀琀Ⰰ 戀甀琀 琀栀漀甀最栀琀 䤀✀搀 瀀愀猀猀 琀栀椀猀 愀氀漀渀最 愀渀礀眀愀礀⸀ഊI have been working on an event menu from the time of Colum Cille (St. ਀䌀漀氀甀洀戀愀Ⰰ 漀爀 愀瀀瀀爀漀砀 㔀　　 䄀䐀⤀ ⸀ 䠀攀爀攀 愀爀攀 洀礀 戀爀攀愀搀 挀栀漀椀挀攀猀 琀栀甀猀 昀愀爀⸀ 䤀 栀漀瀀攀 礀漀甀ഊenjoy them. Send any comments directly to me in addition to the list, since ਀䤀 挀愀渀渀漀琀 漀琀栀攀爀眀椀猀攀 爀攀愀搀 琀栀攀洀⸀ഊ ਀䄀漀椀昀攀ഊ_______ ਀ഊOatcakes--sadly, like raised bread recipes, this one was undoubtedly the ਀✀一漀 䈀爀愀椀渀攀爀✀ 挀漀漀欀猀 昀攀氀琀 渀漀 渀攀攀搀 琀漀 眀爀椀琀攀 搀漀眀渀Ⰰ 瀀愀爀琀椀挀甀氀愀爀氀礀 椀渀 䔀愀爀氀礀 䌀攀氀琀椀挀ഊSociety, where no early cookbooks survive or were probably ever written. ਀䤀渀 昀愀挀琀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 攀愀爀氀椀攀猀琀 瀀甀戀氀椀猀栀攀搀 匀挀漀琀琀椀猀栀 䌀漀漀欀戀漀漀欀 ⠀䴀爀猀⸀ 䴀挀䌀氀椀渀琀漀挀欀✀猀ഊReceipt Book for Cookery and Pastry Work, pub. 1736, and again by Aberdeen ਀唀渀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀 倀爀攀猀猀⸀ ㄀㤀㠀㘀⤀ 挀漀渀琀愀椀渀猀 愀渀 漀愀琀ⴀ爀攀挀椀瀀攀 ⠀漀愀琀ⴀ洀攀愀氀 瀀甀搀搀椀渀最⤀ 戀甀琀 渀漀ഊoat-bread. In fact, the only bread recipe it contains is for French Bread! ਀䘀漀氀氀漀眀椀渀最 琀栀攀 漀愀琀挀愀欀攀猀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀 椀猀 琀栀攀 瀀爀漀搀甀挀琀 漀昀 猀攀瘀攀爀愀氀 攀砀瀀攀爀椀洀攀渀琀猀 琀漀ഊdiscover if the addition of rye and wheat flour improve the oatcake, making ਀猀漀洀攀琀栀椀渀最 猀椀洀椀氀愀爀 琀漀 䰀椀渀搀漀眀 䴀愀渀✀猀 䰀愀猀琀 䴀攀愀氀⸀ഊ ਀䈀愀猀攀搀 漀渀 琀栀攀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀 椀渀 刀攀挀椀瀀攀猀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 䌀漀甀渀琀爀礀 䬀椀琀挀栀攀渀 ⠀猀攀攀 戀椀戀氀椀漀最爀愀瀀栀礀⤀ഊ ਀∀伀渀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 昀椀爀猀琀 瀀攀漀瀀氀攀 琀漀 栀攀愀爀 愀戀漀甀琀 琀栀攀 搀攀昀攀愀琀 漀昀 䈀漀渀渀椀攀 倀爀椀渀挀攀 䌀栀愀爀氀椀攀ഊat the battle of Culloden, in 1746, was an old woman living in a nearby ਀挀漀琀琀愀最攀⸀ 䤀洀洀攀搀椀愀琀攀氀礀 猀栀攀 琀漀漀欀 愀 猀洀愀氀氀 琀愀戀氀攀Ⰰ 栀攀爀 最爀椀搀搀氀攀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 愀 戀愀最 漀昀ഊoatmeal down to the road. There, lighting a wood fire, she set about ਀戀愀欀椀渀最 漀愀琀挀愀欀攀猀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀 猀栀攀 栀愀渀搀攀搀 漀甀琀 琀栀攀 琀栀攀 夀漀甀渀最 倀爀攀琀攀渀搀攀爀✀猀ഊsoldiers...." ਀ഊPrep Time 10 minutes ਀䌀漀漀欀椀渀最 琀椀洀攀 ㈀　 洀椀渀甀琀攀猀 ⠀⠀攀砀愀挀琀氀礀 愀猀 椀渀 琀栀攀 愀渀愀氀礀猀椀猀 漀昀 䰀椀渀搀漀眀 䴀愀渀✀猀 氀愀猀琀ഊmeal)) ਀倀爀攀栀攀愀琀 漀瘀攀渀 琀漀 ㄀㤀　 搀攀最爀攀攀猀 䌀 ⠀㌀㜀㔀 䘀⤀ ⠀⠀猀攀攀  䰀椀渀搀漀眀 䴀愀渀✀猀 洀攀愀氀  愀最愀椀渀⤀⤀ഊ ਀䤀渀最爀攀搀椀攀渀琀猀 昀漀爀 㐀 漀愀琀挀愀欀攀猀 ⠀ 漀爀 昀愀爀氀猀⤀ഊ ਀㠀 漀稀猀⸀ 昀椀渀攀 漀愀琀洀攀愀氀ഊ1/4 tsp. salt ਀㈀ 琀戀猀瀀 洀攀氀琀攀搀 戀甀琀琀攀爀 漀爀 戀愀挀漀渀 昀愀琀 ⠀爀攀挀漀洀洀攀渀搀攀搀⤀ഊ1/4 pint boiling water ਀ഊMix all ingredients together, stirring very well to moisten. Turn out onto ਀愀 戀漀愀爀搀 搀甀猀琀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 爀漀氀氀攀搀 漀爀 眀栀漀氀攀 漀愀琀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 氀椀最栀琀氀礀 欀渀攀愀搀 甀渀琀椀氀 椀琀 昀漀爀洀猀ഊa smooth ball (it will be hot!). Re-dust the board with oats as needed and ਀爀漀氀氀 漀爀 瀀愀琀 琀栀椀渀氀礀 漀甀琀 椀渀琀漀 愀猀 渀攀愀琀 愀 挀椀爀挀氀攀 愀猀 挀愀渀 戀攀 洀愀搀攀Ⰰ 洀攀渀搀椀渀最 戀爀攀愀欀猀ഊas they occur. Cut this into 4 triangles (farls), or cut out rounds (cakes) ਀眀椀琀栀 愀 挀甀琀琀攀爀⸀ 吀爀愀渀猀昀攀爀 琀栀攀猀攀 琀漀 愀 戀愀欀椀渀最 猀栀攀攀琀 漀爀 猀琀漀渀攀⸀ 䈀愀欀攀 椀渀 愀ഊpre-heated oven 20 minutes or until pale fawn, or bake on a griddle or ਀戀愀欀攀猀琀漀渀攀Ⰰ 琀甀爀渀椀渀最 漀渀挀攀 眀栀攀渀 甀渀搀攀爀猀椀搀攀 椀猀 猀瀀攀挀欀氀攀搀 戀爀漀眀渀⸀ 匀瀀爀椀渀欀氀攀ഊgenerously with salt while warm. Keep airtight if intended to be served ਀挀爀椀猀瀀⸀ഊ ਀䔀砀挀攀爀瀀琀猀 昀爀漀洀 吀栀攀 䰀椀昀攀 愀渀搀 䐀攀愀琀栀 漀昀 愀 䐀爀甀椀搀 倀爀椀渀挀攀Ⰰ 䠀漀眀 琀栀攀 䐀椀猀挀漀瘀攀爀礀 漀昀ഊLindow Man revealed the Secrets of a Lost Civilization, by Anne Ross and ਀䐀漀渀 刀漀戀戀椀渀猀⸀ഊ"The remains of the cereal grain in Lindow Man's gut, recovered as bran and ਀猀漀洀攀 挀栀愀昀昀Ⰰ 眀愀猀 猀栀漀眀渀 琀漀 戀攀 愀 眀攀氀氀ⴀ最爀漀甀渀搀 洀椀砀琀甀爀攀 漀昀  猀漀洀攀 欀椀渀搀 漀昀ഊprimitive wheat and rye with barley...... ਀∀䄀瀀瀀氀礀椀渀最 琀栀椀猀 琀攀挀栀渀椀焀甀攀 琀漀 䰀椀渀搀漀眀 䴀愀渀✀猀 氀愀猀琀 洀攀愀氀 挀漀渀昀椀爀洀攀搀 䜀漀爀搀漀渀ഊHillman's suspicions that the last meal had been a kind of bread. The ਀洀攀愀猀甀爀攀搀 吀攀洀瀀攀爀愀琀甀爀攀 眀愀猀 挀氀漀猀攀 琀漀 ㈀　　 搀攀最爀攀攀猀 䌀攀氀猀椀甀猀Ⰰ 昀愀爀 琀漀漀 栀椀最栀 昀漀爀ഊcereal but consistent with baking. The team was able to go further than ਀琀栀愀琀Ⰰ 栀漀眀攀瘀攀爀⸀ 吀栀攀礀 攀猀琀椀洀愀琀攀搀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 栀攀愀琀椀渀最 琀椀洀攀 栀愀搀 戀攀攀渀 瘀攀爀礀 猀栀漀爀琀Ⰰഊperhaps only a few minutes, and certainly not the hour or so that might be ਀渀攀挀攀猀猀愀爀礀 琀漀 挀漀漀欀 瀀漀爀爀椀搀最攀⸀ ⸀⸀⸀ഊ"....Thus the modern equivalent of the last meal would not be coarse whole ਀洀攀愀氀 漀爀 攀瘀攀渀 瀀甀洀瀀攀爀渀椀挀欀攀氀 爀礀攀 戀爀攀愀搀Ⰰ 戀甀琀 猀漀洀攀琀栀椀渀最 洀甀挀栀 挀氀漀猀攀爀 琀漀 琀栀攀ഊtraditional Scottish barley biscuit or oatcake. These can only be flat and ਀甀渀氀攀愀瘀攀渀攀搀Ⰰ 昀漀爀 琀栀攀礀 愀爀攀 挀漀漀欀攀搀Ⰰ 爀愀琀栀攀爀 琀栀愀渀 戀愀欀攀搀Ⰰ 漀渀 愀 昀氀愀琀 栀漀琀 猀甀爀昀愀挀攀ഊfor a short time, almost like a pancake with no appreciable gluten ਀挀漀渀琀攀渀琀⸀∀ഊ ਀䰀椀渀搀漀眀 䴀愀渀 䌀愀欀攀猀 ⠀挀漀瀀礀爀椀最栀琀 ㄀㤀㤀㠀 䰀⸀ 䠀攀爀爀ⴀ䜀攀氀愀琀琀⤀ഊ ਀吀栀攀爀攀 椀猀 爀攀愀氀氀礀 渀漀 眀愀礀 漀昀 欀渀漀眀椀渀最 椀昀  琀栀攀 洀愀爀猀栀 洀愀渀✀猀 戀爀攀愀搀Ⰰ 愀猀 愀渀愀氀礀稀攀搀Ⰰഊwas ceremonial or not in nature. As flatbread of mixed grains were quite ਀挀漀洀洀漀渀瀀氀愀挀攀Ⰰ 䤀 眀漀甀氀搀 猀甀猀瀀攀挀琀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀椀猀 眀愀猀 渀漀琀 琀栀攀 挀愀猀攀⸀ 吀栀攀 爀椀琀甀愀氀 愀猀瀀攀挀琀ഊof his last meal lay in the branding of the cake, in my opinion. The burned ਀瀀愀琀挀栀 猀椀最渀愀氀攀搀 栀椀猀 ∀氀漀琀∀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀 眀愀猀 琀漀 攀渀搀 椀渀 栀甀洀愀渀 猀愀挀爀椀昀椀挀攀⸀ 圀攀 栀愀瘀攀 渀漀ഊsuch sinister plans for our cakes, however! Here is my version, which is ਀焀甀椀琀攀 琀愀猀琀礀⸀ 䤀琀 甀琀椀氀椀稀攀猀 漀愀琀猀 椀渀猀琀攀愀搀 漀昀 䈀愀爀氀攀礀Ⰰ 猀椀渀挀攀 䤀 栀愀瘀攀 渀漀 愀挀挀攀猀猀 琀漀ഊBarley flour and attempts to homegrind it have proved destructive to my ਀攀焀甀椀瀀洀攀渀琀⸀ 䄀猀 漀愀琀 挀漀渀琀攀渀琀 栀愀猀 戀攀攀渀 昀漀甀渀搀 椀渀 漀琀栀攀爀 愀爀挀栀愀攀漀氀漀最椀挀愀氀 戀漀最ⴀ昀椀渀搀ഊvictim's last meals, I felt quit justified in doing so (Tollund man, ਀䜀爀愀甀戀愀氀氀攀 䴀愀渀 ⠀䐀攀渀洀愀爀欀⤀⤀⸀ 䄀搀搀椀琀椀漀渀愀氀氀礀Ⰰ 猀椀渀挀攀 琀栀攀 最爀愀椀渀猀 眀漀甀氀搀 栀愀瘀攀 戀攀攀渀ഊhand-ground in a quern during that period, I have chosen to use modern ਀猀琀漀渀攀ⴀ最爀漀甀渀搀 瀀爀漀搀甀挀琀猀 眀栀攀渀 瀀漀猀猀椀戀氀攀⸀ഊ ਀㄀⼀㐀 挀甀瀀 瀀氀愀椀渀 昀椀渀攀 漀愀琀洀攀愀氀 ⠀渀漀琀 爀漀氀氀攀搀 漀愀琀猀Ⰰ 愀猀 䰀椀渀搀漀眀 洀愀渀✀猀 戀爀攀愀搀ഊcontained flour). If necessary, process the oats in a food processor to ਀洀愀欀攀 琀栀攀渀 瘀攀爀礀 昀椀渀攀⤀⸀ഊ1/4 cup stone ground whole wheat flour ਀㄀⼀㈀ 挀甀瀀 猀琀漀渀攀 最爀漀甀渀搀 爀礀攀 昀氀漀甀爀ഊ1/2 tsp. salt (optional) ਀㌀ 琀戀猀瀀 戀愀挀漀渀 昀愀琀 眀椀琀栀 挀爀椀猀瀀礀 戀椀琀猀 漀爀 戀甀琀琀攀爀Ⰰ 漀爀 挀漀洀戀椀渀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 戀漀琀栀ഊ1/3 cup of boiling water, or more or less to mix. ਀匀愀氀琀 昀漀爀 猀瀀爀椀渀欀氀椀渀最Ⰰ 椀昀 搀攀猀椀爀攀搀⸀ഊ ਀䴀椀砀 琀漀最攀琀栀攀爀 琀栀攀 昀氀漀甀爀猀 愀渀搀 漀愀琀洀攀愀氀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 ㄀⼀㈀ 琀猀瀀⸀ 猀愀氀琀 椀昀 搀攀猀椀爀攀搀⸀ 䴀攀氀琀ഊthe fats and mix with the boiling water. Pour most of this into the flour ਀洀椀砀琀甀爀攀 愀渀搀 洀椀砀 眀攀氀氀Ⰰ 愀搀搀椀渀最 洀漀爀攀  愀猀 渀攀挀攀猀猀愀爀礀 琀漀 洀愀欀攀 愀 猀琀椀昀昀 愀渀搀ഊsomewhat crumbly dough. Knead the dough, which should become quite pliable, ਀甀猀椀渀最 洀漀爀攀 漀昀 愀渀礀 漀昀 琀栀攀 愀戀漀瘀攀 昀氀漀甀爀猀 椀昀 搀攀猀椀爀攀搀 ⠀漀愀琀猀 洀愀欀椀渀最 愀 洀漀爀攀ഊattractive exterior when cooked). ਀ഊPre-heat a dry griddle on medium flame. Pinch off a ball of dough the size ਀漀昀 愀 氀愀爀最攀 眀愀氀渀甀琀⸀ 刀漀氀氀 漀爀 瀀爀攀猀猀 漀甀琀 漀渀 漀愀琀ⴀ挀漀瘀攀爀攀搀 戀漀愀爀搀 漀爀 戀攀琀眀攀攀渀 栀愀渀搀猀ഊto very thin pancake (alternately, shape as described in the oatcake ਀爀攀挀椀瀀攀Ⰰ 愀戀漀瘀攀⤀⸀ 刀攀瀀攀愀琀 眀椀琀栀 ㌀ 洀漀爀攀 戀愀氀氀猀 琀漀 洀愀欀攀 㐀 挀愀欀攀猀⸀ 倀氀愀挀攀 漀渀 琀栀攀ഊgriddle and cook 2-4 minutes per side. If griddle is too hot cakes will ਀戀攀最椀渀 琀漀 猀洀漀欀攀⸀ 圀栀攀渀 挀愀欀攀猀 栀愀瘀攀 氀愀爀最攀 搀愀爀欀 猀瀀攀挀欀氀攀猀Ⰰ 琀甀爀渀 琀栀攀洀 愀渀搀 挀漀漀欀 漀渀ഊother side (2-4 minutes each side). When cooked and dry-looking, remove to ਀愀 瀀氀愀琀攀 愀渀搀 椀洀洀攀搀椀愀琀攀氀礀 猀瀀爀椀渀欀氀攀 眀椀琀栀 猀愀氀琀 椀昀 搀攀猀椀爀攀搀⸀ 吀栀攀猀攀 洀甀猀琀 猀琀漀爀攀搀 椀渀ഊan airtight container if they are to be kept for any length of time. ਀ഊThis bread is perfect camp food, is extremely filling and tasty, and the ਀椀渀最爀攀搀椀攀渀琀猀 琀爀愀瘀攀氀 眀攀氀氀 愀渀搀 眀漀爀欀 眀攀氀氀 椀渀 挀漀洀戀椀渀愀琀椀漀渀 眀椀琀栀 漀琀栀攀爀 搀椀猀栀攀猀⸀ഊ ਀ഊDate: Thu, 25 Sep 2003 13:4559 -0400 ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 樀漀栀渀渀愀 栀漀氀氀漀眀愀礀 㰀樀漀栀渀渀愀 愀琀 猀椀琀欀愀⸀攀渀最椀渀⸀甀洀椀挀栀⸀攀搀甀㸀ഊSubject: [Sca-cooks] Oatcakes-- was Midrealm Coronation Lunch ਀吀漀㨀 䌀漀漀欀猀 眀椀琀栀椀渀 琀栀攀 匀䌀䄀 㰀猀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀 愀琀 愀渀猀琀攀漀爀爀愀⸀漀爀最㸀ഊ ਀搀愀瘀椀搀 昀爀椀攀搀洀愀渀 眀爀漀琀攀㨀ഊ>> Oatcakes and Barley Cakes, Assorted Breads and Manchets, ਀㸀㸀㸀 䨀漀栀渀渀愀攀 氀氀礀渀 䰀攀眀椀猀ഊ>> ਀㸀 䐀漀 礀漀甀 栀愀瘀攀 愀 瀀攀爀椀漀搀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀 昀漀爀 漀愀琀挀愀欀攀猀㼀 䤀 栀愀瘀攀 愀 挀漀渀樀攀挀琀甀爀愀氀 漀渀攀Ⰰഊ> based on Froissart's brief mention of teir use by scottish troopers, ਀㸀 愀渀搀 眀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 椀渀琀攀爀攀猀琀攀搀 琀漀 挀漀洀瀀愀爀攀⸀ഊ-------------------------- ਀ഊI actually turned up more descriptions than just the Froissart mention. ਀ഊAlexander Fenton, among others, has documented the long association of ਀琀栀攀 匀挀漀琀琀椀猀栀 栀攀爀琀栀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀猀攀 挀栀愀爀愀挀琀攀爀椀猀琀椀挀 昀氀愀琀戀爀攀愀搀猀 漀昀 漀愀琀猀 愀渀搀ഊbarley. See Fenton, Alexander. "Hearth and kitchen: the Scottish ਀䔀砀愀洀瀀氀攀⸀∀ 䘀漀漀搀 愀渀搀 䴀愀琀攀爀椀愀氀 䌀甀氀琀甀爀攀⸀ 嬀倀爀漀挀攀攀搀椀渀最猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䘀漀甀爀琀栀ഊSymposium of the International Commission for Research into European ਀䘀漀漀搀䠀椀猀琀漀爀礀⸀崀 䔀愀猀琀 䰀椀渀琀漀渀Ⰰ 匀挀漀琀氀愀渀搀㨀 吀甀挀欀眀攀氀氀 倀爀攀猀猀Ⰰ ㄀㤀㤀㠀⸀ 瀀瀀⸀ ㈀㤀ⴀ㐀㜀⸀ഊ ਀䈀爀漀眀渀Ⰰ 䌀愀琀栀攀爀椀渀攀⸀ 匀挀漀琀琀椀猀栀 䌀漀漀欀攀爀礀⸀ ㄀㤀㠀㔀⸀ 䔀搀椀渀戀甀爀最栀㨀 䴀攀爀挀愀琀 倀爀攀猀猀Ⰰ ㄀㤀㤀㤀⸀ഊincludes descriptions by C. Lowther dated 1629 from his diary "Our ਀䨀漀甀爀渀愀氀 䤀渀琀漀 匀挀漀琀氀愀渀搀∀  ✀吀栀爀攀攀 吀爀愀瘀攀氀氀攀爀猀 椀渀 琀栀攀䈀漀爀搀攀爀猀 栀愀搀 漀愀琀 戀爀攀愀搀ഊcakes, baked a fifth of an inch thick on a griddle...'. p. 6. ਀䈀爀漀眀渀 愀氀猀漀 洀攀渀琀椀漀渀猀 愀渀 愀挀挀漀甀渀琀 戀礀 䜀⸀ 䈀甀挀栀愀渀愀渀 琀椀琀氀攀搀 䐀攀猀挀爀椀瀀琀椀漀渀 漀昀ഊScotland which also mentions them. This was also dated 1629. ਀ഊNeither Lowther or Buchanan turn up in th ESTC so I suspect they are ਀樀漀甀爀渀愀氀猀 愀渀搀 眀攀爀攀 渀攀瘀攀爀 瀀甀戀氀椀猀栀攀搀⸀ 䴀漀爀礀猀漀渀Ⰰ 䘀礀渀攀猀⸀ 䄀渀 䤀琀椀渀攀爀愀爀礀 圀爀椀琀琀攀渀ഊby Fynes Moryson Gent. from 1617 is available and they are mentioned in ਀琀栀攀爀攀⸀ഊ ਀䄀 焀甀椀挀欀 爀攀愀搀 漀渀 琀栀攀 猀甀戀樀攀挀琀 椀猀 䰀漀挀欀栀愀爀琀✀猀 吀栀攀 匀挀漀琀猀 愀渀搀 吀栀攀椀爀 伀愀琀猀⸀ഊAlthoug he's talking about Yorkshire and not Scotland, Brears' The ਀䜀攀渀琀氀攀眀漀洀愀渀✀猀 䬀椀琀挀栀攀渀 愀氀猀漀 椀渀挀氀甀搀攀猀 愀 最漀漀搀 愀挀挀漀甀渀琀 漀昀 爀攀最椀漀渀愀氀 栀攀愀爀琀栀ഊbreads. Brears includes a 1683 recipe for "To make thick Oat-cakes" that ਀挀漀渀琀愀椀渀猀 渀漀 漀愀琀猀⸀ 䤀琀 洀愀欀攀猀 愀 琀栀椀挀欀 挀愀欀攀 琀栀愀琀 椀猀 猀椀洀椀愀爀 栀攀 猀愀礀猀 琀漀 琀栀攀ഊcakes that can still be purchased in Yorkshire bakeries today. ਀ഊThere are a number of recipes-- all late. [The first Scottish cookbook ਀眀愀猀渀✀琀 瀀甀戀氀椀猀栀攀搀 甀渀琀椀氀 ㄀㜀㌀㘀⸀崀 吀栀攀 挀漀洀戀椀渀愀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 樀甀猀琀 洀攀愀氀 愀渀搀 眀愀琀攀爀ഊmade into a paste and baked with perhaps a bit of dripping wouldn't need ਀愀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀Ⰰ 瀀攀爀 猀愀礀⸀ 䤀琀✀猀 椀渀琀攀爀攀猀琀椀渀最 琀漀 渀漀琀攀 琀栀愀琀 攀瘀攀渀琀甀愀氀氀礀 琀栀攀爀攀 愀爀攀ഊthick cakes mentioned along with a number of thin ones that are made in ਀愀 瘀愀爀椀攀琀礀 漀昀 眀愀礀猀⸀ 吀栀椀猀 椀猀 猀琀椀氀氀 琀漀 戀攀 昀漀甀渀搀 愀渀搀 䌀愀琀栀攀爀椀渀攀 䈀爀漀眀渀 最漀攀猀ഊinto a number of these descriptions in her works. ਀ഊHere are these recipes-- ਀ഊCXL. To Make Oak-Cakes. ਀ഊTake fine Flower, and mix it very well with new Ale yeast, and make it ਀瘀攀爀礀 猀琀椀昀昀Ⰰ 琀栀攀渀 洀愀欀攀 椀琀 椀渀琀漀 氀椀琀琀氀攀 䌀愀欀攀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 爀漀甀氀 琀栀攀洀 瘀攀爀礀 琀栀椀渀Ⰰഊthen lay them on a Iron to bake, or on a baking stone, and make but a ਀猀氀漀眀 昀椀爀攀 甀渀搀攀爀 椀琀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 愀猀 琀栀攀礀 愀爀攀 戀愀欀椀渀最Ⰰ 琀愀欀攀 琀栀攀洀 愀渀搀 琀甀爀渀 琀栀攀 攀搀最攀猀ഊof them round on the iron, that they may bake also, one quarter of an ਀栀漀甀爀 眀椀氀氀 戀愀欀攀 琀栀攀洀㬀 愀 氀椀琀琀氀攀 戀攀昀漀爀攀 礀漀甀 琀愀欀攀 琀栀攀洀 甀瀀Ⰰ 琀甀爀渀 栀攀洀 漀渀 琀栀攀ഊother side, only to flat them; for if turn them too soon, it will hinder ਀琀栀攀 爀椀猀椀渀最Ⰰ 琀栀攀 䤀爀漀渀 漀爀 匀琀漀渀攀 眀栀攀爀攀漀渀 琀栀攀礀 愀爀攀 戀愀欀攀搀Ⰰ 洀甀猀琀 猀琀愀渀搀 愀琀ഊdistance from the fire. pp. 260-261. ਀吀栀攀 焀甀攀攀渀ⴀ氀椀欀攀 挀氀漀猀攀琀㬀 漀爀Ⰰ 刀椀挀栀 挀愀戀椀渀攀琀 猀琀漀爀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 愀氀氀 洀愀渀渀攀爀 漀昀 愀爀攀ഊreceipts for preserving, candying & cookery. Very pleasant and ਀戀攀渀攀昀椀挀椀愀氀 琀漀 愀氀氀 椀渀最攀渀椀漀甀猀 瀀攀爀猀漀渀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 昀攀洀愀氀攀 猀攀砀⸀ 䈀礀 䠀愀渀渀愀栀 圀漀氀氀攀礀⸀ഊPublication date: 1670. The running title at the top of the page is: ਀吀栀攀 䰀愀搀椀攀猀 䌀愀戀椀渀攀琀Ⰰ 猀漀 䤀 猀甀猀瀀攀挀琀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀椀猀 爀攀挀瀀攀 椀猀 昀漀甀渀搀 椀渀 栀攀爀ഊearlier work as well. It's not on EEBO yet so I can't check it. ਀ഊJohn Nott in his Cooks Dictionary of 1726 includes another recipe that ਀挀愀氀氀猀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 愀氀攀 礀攀愀猀琀Ⰰ 戀甀琀 椀琀✀猀 渀漀琀 愀 挀漀瀀礀 漀昀 圀漀氀氀攀礀✀猀⸀ഊ ਀吀栀攀爀攀 愀爀攀 愀氀猀漀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀猀 漀爀 洀攀渀琀椀漀渀猀 椀渀 吀栀漀愀猀 吀爀礀漀渀✀猀  吀栀攀 最漀漀搀ഊhouse-wife made a doctor,of 1692. ਀眀栀攀爀攀 椀渀 䌀䠀䄀倀⸀ 嘀䤀⸀ 栀攀 眀爀椀琀攀猀㨀ഊ• ... or less Egress and Regress; but the better way is to make it into ਀琀栀椀渀 䌀愀欀攀猀Ⰰ 氀椀欀攀 伀愀琀ⴀ䌀愀欀攀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 戀愀欀攀 琀栀攀洀 漀渀 愀 匀琀漀渀攀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀 洀愀渀礀 椀渀 琀栀攀ഊNorth of England ..." ਀ഊMrkham mentioned them earlier in his chapter VI of The English ਀䠀漀甀猀攀眀椀昀攀⸀ ∀伀昀 琀栀攀 攀砀挀攀氀氀攀渀挀礀 漀昀 伀愀琀攀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 洀愀渀礀 猀椀渀最甀氀愀爀 瘀攀爀琀攀猀 愀渀搀ഊvses of them in a family." ਀ഊBy 1688 Randle Holme in his The Academy of Armory, or, A Storehouse of ਀䄀爀洀漀爀礀 愀渀搀 䈀氀愀稀漀渀 搀攀猀爀椀戀攀猀 琀栀攀洀 愀猀㨀 伀愀琀攀渀 䌀愀欀攀猀Ⰰ 愀爀攀 洀愀搀攀 漀昀 伀愀琀 洀攀愀氀Ⰰഊand Leavened very well, and knodden flat and round, and Baked on a Back ਀匀琀漀渀攀Ⰰ 漀昀 眀栀椀挀栀 琀栀攀爀攀 愀爀攀 ㈀ 猀漀爀琀猀Ⰰ 栀愀爀搀 愀渀搀 猀漀昀琀⸀∀ 䘀漀甀渀搀 倀愀最攀 ㈀㤀㐀 漀昀 琀栀攀ഊBook 3, Chapter 6. ਀ഊMoffet's Healths Improvement also has soething to say about them, but I ਀眀漀渀✀琀 挀漀瀀礀 琀栀愀琀 栀攀爀攀 愀猀 䤀 猀栀愀氀氀 栀愀瘀攀 琀漀 氀漀漀欀 琀栀攀 琀攀砀琀 甀瀀 愀最愀椀渀⸀ 䠀攀 眀愀猀ഊfirst published in 1655, but is believed to have written his manuscript ਀椀渀 琀栀攀 ㄀㔀㤀　✀猀⸀ 嬀䈀攀挀欀 琀栀漀甀最栀琀 ㄀㔀㤀㐀⸀崀 䠀攀 搀椀攀搀 椀渀 ㄀㘀　㐀⼀㄀㘀　㔀⸀ഊ ਀䨀漀栀渀愀攀 氀氀礀渀 䰀攀眀椀猀ഊ ਀ഊDate: Thu, 25 Sep 2003 18:52:25 -0700 ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 搀愀瘀椀搀 昀爀椀攀搀洀愀渀 㰀搀搀昀爀 愀琀 搀愀瘀椀搀搀昀爀椀攀搀洀愀渀⸀挀漀洀㸀ഊSubject: Re: [Sca-cooks] Oatcakes-- was Midrealm Coronation Lunch ਀吀漀㨀 䌀漀漀欀猀 眀椀琀栀椀渀 琀栀攀 匀䌀䄀 㰀猀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀 愀琀 愀渀猀琀攀漀爀爀愀⸀漀爀最㸀ഊ ਀㸀 搀愀瘀椀搀 昀爀椀攀搀洀愀渀 眀爀漀琀攀㨀ഊ>>> Oatcakes and Barley Cakes, Assorted Breads and Manchets, ਀㸀㸀㸀 䨀漀栀渀渀愀攀 氀氀礀渀 䰀攀眀椀猀ഊ>>> ਀㸀㸀  䐀漀 礀漀甀 栀愀瘀攀 愀 瀀攀爀椀漀搀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀 昀漀爀 漀愀琀挀愀欀攀猀㼀 䤀 栀愀瘀攀 愀 挀漀渀樀攀挀琀甀爀愀氀 漀渀攀Ⰰഊ>> based on Froissart's brief mention of their use by scottish troopers, ਀㸀㸀  愀渀搀 眀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 椀渀琀攀爀攀猀琀攀搀 琀漀 挀漀洀瀀愀爀攀⸀ഊ> -------------------------- ਀㸀ഊ> I actually turned up more descriptions than just the Froissart mention. ਀ഊ> Hope this helps. ਀ഊThanks. Lots of interesting stuff. ਀ഊMy guess is that Froissart's oat cakes aren't raised, given the ਀挀漀渀猀琀爀愀椀渀琀猀 漀昀 眀栀愀琀 琀栀攀礀 愀爀攀 戀攀椀渀最 甀猀攀搀 昀漀爀⸀ 䨀甀猀琀 漀愀琀洀攀愀氀Ⰰ 眀愀琀攀爀 愀渀搀ഊsalt gives a reasonably good result. But it would be nice if we could ਀昀椀渀搀 猀漀洀攀琀栀椀渀最 洀漀爀攀 攀砀琀攀渀猀椀瘀攀 攀愀爀氀椀攀爀 琀栀愀渀 琀栀攀 ㄀㜀琀栀 挀⸀ഊ-- ਀䐀愀瘀椀搀⼀䌀愀爀椀愀搀漀挀ഊhttp://www.daviddfriedman.com/ ਀ഊ ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 吀栀甀Ⰰ ㈀㔀 匀攀瀀 ㈀　　㌀ ㈀㈀㨀㈀㜀㨀　㔀 ⴀ　㐀　　ഊFrom: johnna holloway ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 刀攀㨀 嬀匀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀崀 伀愀琀挀愀欀攀猀ⴀⴀ 眀愀猀 䴀椀搀爀攀愀氀洀 䌀漀爀漀渀愀琀椀漀渀 䰀甀渀挀栀ഊTo: Cooks within the SCA ਀ഊOlive Geddes points out that the documents surviving for Scotland are ਀昀攀眀 愀渀搀 昀愀爀 戀攀琀眀攀攀渀⸀ 圀攀 栀愀瘀攀 愀氀氀 琀栀攀猀攀 椀渀挀漀洀瀀氀攀琀攀 栀漀甀猀攀栀漀氀搀 愀挀挀漀甀渀琀猀 愀渀搀ഊrecords and no recipes. In terms of food history and records, the ਀挀漀甀渀琀爀礀 氀愀最猀 琀栀攀 爀攀猀琀 漀昀 䔀甀爀漀瀀攀⸀ 䤀 栀愀瘀攀 琀栀椀猀 昀攀攀氀椀渀最 琀栀愀琀 猀栀攀 昀漀甀渀搀 椀琀ഊeasier to do her book on golf than to research the food history of ਀匀挀漀琀氀愀渀搀 昀漀爀 吀栀攀 䰀愀椀爀搀✀猀 䬀椀琀挀栀攀渀 吀栀爀攀攀 䠀甀渀搀爀攀搀 夀攀愀爀猀 漀昀 䘀漀漀搀 椀渀 匀挀漀琀氀愀渀搀ഊwhich she did for the National Library of Scotland and the HMSO. ਀ഊI would think that the Froissart oatcakes are just meal and water and ਀戀愀欀攀搀 戀礀 琀栀攀 昀椀爀攀猀椀搀攀⸀ 䈀甀琀 愀爀漀甀渀搀 愀 栀攀愀爀琀栀 愀渀搀 眀椀琀栀 愀挀挀攀猀猀 琀漀 礀攀愀猀琀 昀爀漀洀ഊale barm, there probably also grew up the "raised" or leavened cakes. ਀吀栀攀爀攀 猀攀攀洀猀 琀漀 戀攀 愀 瘀愀爀椀愀渀挀攀 漀昀 漀瀀椀渀椀漀渀 愀猀 琀漀 眀栀愀琀 焀甀愀氀椀琀礀 漀昀 洀攀愀氀 琀漀ഊuse as well as how thick to make the cakes. ਀ഊJohnnae llyn Lewis ਀ഊ ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 吀甀攀Ⰰ ㄀㈀ 伀挀琀 ㈀　　㐀 　　㨀　㔀㨀㌀㄀ ⴀ　㜀　　ഊFrom: David Friedman ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 嬀匀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀崀 漀愀琀 挀愀欀攀猀ഊTo: Cooks within the SCA ਀ഊ> Oat cakes ye say... that sounds interesting.. ਀ഊI have a conjectural recipe in the Miscellany, ਀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀搀愀瘀椀搀搀昀爀椀攀搀洀愀渀⸀挀漀洀⼀䴀攀搀椀攀瘀愀氀⼀洀椀猀挀攀氀氀愀渀礀开瀀搀昀⼀䴀椀猀挀攀氀氀愀渀礀⸀栀琀洀ഊ ਀渀攀愀爀 琀栀攀 攀渀搀 漀昀 琀栀攀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀 猀攀挀琀椀漀渀⸀ഊ-- ਀䐀愀瘀椀搀⼀䌀愀爀椀愀搀漀挀ഊwww.daviddfriedman.com ਀ഊ ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 匀甀渀Ⰰ ㈀㈀ 䴀愀礀 ㈀　　㔀 ㄀㤀㨀㄀㄀㨀　㈀ ⴀ　㐀　　ഊFrom: Johnna Holloway ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 刀攀㨀 嬀匀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀崀 倀攀爀椀漀搀ⴀ愀瀀瀀爀漀瀀爀椀愀琀攀 挀漀漀欀椀攀猀ऀ愀渀搀ഊ cookie-likesubstances.... ਀吀漀㨀 䌀漀漀欀猀 眀椀琀栀椀渀 琀栀攀 匀䌀䄀 㰀猀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀 愀琀 愀渀猀琀攀漀爀爀愀⸀漀爀最㸀ഊ ਀䔀琀愀椀渀㄀㈀㘀㌀ 愀琀 愀漀氀⸀挀漀洀 眀爀漀琀攀㨀ഊ> Does anyone have any documentation for ਀㸀 洀攀搀椀攀瘀愀氀 挀漀漀欀椀渀最 漀昀 挀愀欀攀猀 漀渀 愀 最爀椀搀搀氀攀㼀㼀㼀ഊ> ਀㸀 䔀琀愀椀渀ഊ ਀吀愀欀攀 愀 氀漀漀欀 愀琀 戀愀欀攀猀琀漀渀攀猀 昀漀爀 琀栀漀猀攀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀猀⸀ഊMy description from my Scottish Luncheon-- ਀ഊOatcakes and Barley Cakes- ਀ഊAlexander Fenton, among others, has documented the long association of ਀琀栀攀 匀挀漀琀琀椀猀栀 栀攀愀爀琀栀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀猀攀 挀栀愀爀愀挀琀攀爀椀猀琀椀挀 昀氀愀琀戀爀攀愀搀猀 漀昀 漀愀琀猀 愀渀搀ഊbarley. Traditionally baked on a stone before the fire, they often don't ਀戀愀欀攀 愀猀 洀甀挀栀 愀猀 搀爀礀 漀甀琀 戀攀昀漀爀攀 琀栀攀 昀椀爀攀⸀ 䔀瘀攀渀 眀栀攀渀 琀栀攀 ∀猀琀漀渀攀∀ 漀昀 愀ഊbakestone gave way to an iron griddle surface, this manufactured iron ਀最爀椀搀搀氀攀 洀愀礀 猀琀椀氀氀 戀攀 挀愀氀氀攀搀 愀 ∀戀愀欀攀猀琀漀渀攀⸀∀ 䤀 戀漀甀最栀琀 洀椀渀攀 愀琀 䌀漀瘀攀渀琀ഊGarden in 1984. Historical accounts date back to at least the 14th ਀挀攀渀琀甀爀礀 眀栀攀渀 䘀爀漀椀猀猀愀爀琀 爀攀挀漀爀搀攀搀 琀栀攀 洀愀欀椀渀最 漀昀 漀愀琀挀愀欀攀猀 戀礀 匀挀漀琀琀椀猀栀ഊsoldiers. The Earl's Glasgow accounts mention them of course early in ਀琀栀攀 ㄀㜀琀栀 挀攀渀琀甀爀礀⸀ 䄀 焀甀椀挀欀 爀攀愀搀 漀渀 琀栀攀 猀甀戀樀攀挀琀 椀猀 䰀漀挀欀栀愀爀琀✀猀 吀栀攀 匀挀漀琀猀ഊand Their Oats. Although he's talking about Yorkshire and not Scotland, ਀䈀爀攀愀爀猀✀ 吀栀攀 䜀攀渀琀氀攀眀漀洀愀渀✀猀 䬀椀琀挀栀攀渀 愀氀猀漀 椀渀挀氀甀搀攀猀 愀 最漀漀搀 愀挀挀漀甀渀琀 漀昀ഊregional hearth breads, as does Elisabeth David and also McNeill. I have ਀洀愀搀攀 甀猀攀 漀昀 猀琀漀渀攀 最爀漀甀渀搀 戀愀爀氀攀礀 洀攀愀氀 愀渀搀 椀洀瀀漀爀琀攀搀 漀愀琀猀⸀ഊ ਀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀栀漀洀攀⸀挀漀洀挀愀猀琀⸀渀攀琀⼀縀椀愀猀洀椀渀⼀洀欀挀挀⼀䴀䬀䌀䌀昀椀氀攀猀⼀ ഊAlasdairGuinevreLunch.html ਀ഊJohnnae llyn Lewis ਀ഊ ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 䴀漀渀Ⰰ ㄀㄀ 䄀甀最 ㈀　　㠀 ㈀㌀㨀㌀㌀㨀㔀　 ⴀ　㐀　　ഊFrom: "Phil Troy / G. Tacitus Adamantius" ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 刀攀㨀 嬀匀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀崀 倀攀渀渀猀椀挀 䌀愀洀瀀 䌀漀漀欀椀渀最ഊTo: Cooks within the SCA ਀ഊOn Aug 11, 2008, at 10:50 PM, S CLEMENGER wrote: ਀㰀㰀㰀 䐀漀 礀漀甀 猀漀愀欀 琀栀攀 漀愀琀猀 昀椀爀猀琀㼀ഊI had some oat bread at a potluck last week that was quite interesting. ਀䴀漀搀攀爀渀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀Ⰰ 戀甀琀 猀琀椀氀氀 最漀漀搀⸀  䄀瀀瀀愀爀攀渀琀氀礀Ⰰ 椀渀猀琀攀愀搀 漀昀 洀椀砀椀渀最 琀栀攀 搀爀礀 漀愀琀猀ഊinto the dough, one starts by cooking them, just like oatmeal.... ਀ⴀⴀ䴀愀椀爀攀 㸀㸀㸀ഊ ਀匀漀洀攀眀栀攀爀攀 䤀✀瘀攀 最漀琀 愀 挀漀瀀礀 漀昀 琀栀攀 爀攀挀攀椀瀀琀 戀漀漀欀 漀昀 䜀椀甀氀椀攀氀洀愀 嬀䴀爀猀⸀  ഊWilliam] Penn, dated roughly 1690, if I remember correctly, and her ਀爀攀挀椀瀀攀 昀漀爀 漀愀琀挀愀欀攀猀 椀渀瘀漀氀瘀攀猀 昀椀渀攀 漀愀琀洀攀愀氀 猀漀愀欀攀搀 漀瘀攀爀渀椀最栀琀 椀渀 猀瀀爀椀渀最  ഊwater to make a batter. It seems to be the closest near-period, actual ਀爀攀挀椀瀀攀 愀瀀瀀爀漀砀椀洀愀琀椀渀最 䘀爀漀椀猀猀愀爀琀✀猀 搀攀猀挀爀椀瀀琀椀漀渀 ⠀㄀㐀琀栀 挀攀渀琀甀爀礀㼀⤀ 漀昀  ഊScottish soldiers making oatcakes on a stone in the field. ਀ഊAdamantius ਀ഊ ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 䴀漀渀Ⰰ ㄀㄀ 䄀甀最 ㈀　　㠀 ㈀㌀㨀㐀㈀㨀　㜀 ⴀ　㐀　　ഊFrom: "Phil Troy / G. Tacitus Adamantius" ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 刀攀㨀 嬀匀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀崀 倀攀渀渀猀椀挀 䌀愀洀瀀 䌀漀漀欀椀渀最ഊTo: Cooks within the SCA ਀ഊOn Aug 11, 2008, at 10:45 PM, David Friedman wrote: ਀㰀㰀㰀 䤀 愀氀猀漀 洀愀搀攀 漀愀琀挀愀欀攀猀 愀渀漀琀栀攀爀 渀椀最栀琀⸀ 吀栀愀琀✀猀 猀漀洀攀琀栀椀渀最 䤀 栀愀搀 戀攀攀渀  ഊplanning to do at Pennsic for years. They are about the simplest ਀瀀漀猀猀椀戀氀攀 戀爀攀愀搀ⴀ氀椀欀攀 瀀氀愀甀猀椀戀氀礀 瀀攀爀椀漀搀 琀栀椀渀最Ⰰ 爀攀焀甀椀爀椀渀最 漀渀氀礀 挀漀愀爀猀攀  ഊground oats, salt, water, a fire and a frying pan. Not the world's ਀琀愀猀琀椀攀猀琀 搀椀猀栀Ⰰ 戀甀琀 渀漀琀 戀愀搀⸀ 㸀㸀㸀ഊ ਀吀栀攀礀✀爀攀 洀甀挀栀 戀攀琀琀攀爀 椀昀Ⰰ 愀昀琀攀爀 ∀戀愀欀椀渀最∀ 椀渀 琀栀攀 瀀愀渀Ⰰ 琀栀攀礀 愀爀攀 琀漀愀猀琀攀搀⼀ ഊdried in front of the fire to a cracker-like consistency. Northern ਀䔀渀最氀椀猀栀 栀漀甀猀攀眀椀瘀攀猀 眀攀爀攀 栀愀渀最椀渀最 琀栀攀洀 漀渀 琀栀攀 挀氀漀琀栀攀猀 氀椀渀攀 椀渀 昀爀漀渀琀 漀昀  ഊthe fireplace up to the 1940's or so, if an old PPC article on ਀漀愀琀挀愀欀攀猀 椀猀 琀漀 戀攀 戀攀氀椀攀瘀攀搀⸀ 吀栀攀礀 挀愀渀 戀攀 猀漀爀琀 漀昀 氀椀洀瀀 愀渀搀 猀漀最最礀 椀昀 礀漀甀  ഊeat them right away, but if you make a lot of them in advance and let ਀琀栀攀洀 搀爀礀Ⰰ 琀栀攀礀 栀愀瘀攀 愀渀 椀渀琀攀爀攀猀琀椀渀最 搀漀最ⴀ戀椀猀挀甀椀琀 洀愀琀稀漀栀 昀氀愀瘀漀爀 ⠀眀栀椀挀栀 椀猀  ഊa lot better than I'm making it sound). It's probably also consistent ਀眀椀琀栀 愀 氀漀琀 漀昀 漀氀搀 匀挀愀渀搀椀渀愀瘀椀愀渀 昀氀愀琀戀爀攀愀搀 瀀爀愀挀琀椀挀攀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀 洀愀礀 漀爀 洀愀礀  ഊnot sway Moorish thinking ;-). ਀ഊAdamantius ਀ഊ ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 吀甀攀Ⰰ ㄀㈀ 䄀甀最 ㈀　　㠀 　　㨀　㈀㨀　㤀 ⴀ　㔀　　ഊFrom: David Friedman ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 刀攀㨀 嬀匀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀崀 倀攀渀渀猀椀挀 䌀愀洀瀀 䌀漀漀欀椀渀最ഊTo: Cooks within the SCA ਀ഊI combine water, salt, and oats. Let them soak for some hours. Then ਀昀爀礀 愀猀 琀栀椀渀 挀愀欀攀猀 椀渀 愀 搀爀礀 昀爀礀椀渀最 瀀愀渀⸀ഊ ਀䤀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 猀攀攀 栀漀眀 椀琀 眀漀爀欀猀 眀椀琀栀 戀甀琀琀攀爀 漀爀 漀椀氀 椀渀 琀栀攀 瀀愀渀Ⰰ 戀甀琀 䤀 眀愀猀 ഊtrying to reconstruct something consistent with Froissart's ਀搀攀猀挀爀椀瀀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 䤀 搀椀搀渀✀琀 琀栀椀渀欀 猀挀漀琀琀椀猀栀 琀爀漀漀瀀攀爀猀 挀漀甀氀搀 爀攀氀礀 漀渀 ഊhaving perishable fats with them. ਀ഊ<<< Do you soak the oats first? ਀䤀 栀愀搀 猀漀洀攀 漀愀琀 戀爀攀愀搀 愀琀 愀 瀀漀琀氀甀挀欀 氀愀猀琀 眀攀攀欀 琀栀愀琀 眀愀猀 焀甀椀琀攀 椀渀琀攀爀攀猀琀椀渀最⸀ഊModern recipe, but still good. Apparently, instead of mixing the dry oats ਀椀渀琀漀 琀栀攀 搀漀甀最栀Ⰰ 漀渀攀 猀琀愀爀琀猀 戀礀 挀漀漀欀椀渀最 琀栀攀洀Ⰰ 樀甀猀琀 氀椀欀攀 漀愀琀洀攀愀氀⸀⸀⸀⸀ഊ--Maire >>> ਀ഊ ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 吀甀攀Ⰰ 　㜀 䄀瀀爀 ㈀　　㤀 　　㨀㈀㄀㨀㌀㜀 ⴀ　㐀　　ഊFrom: "Phil Troy / G. Tacitus Adamantius" ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 刀攀㨀 嬀匀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀崀 漀愀琀挀愀欀攀猀ഊTo: Cooks within the SCA ਀ഊOn Apr 6, 2009, at 11:20 PM, Stefan li Rous wrote: ਀㰀㰀㰀 ഊAdamantius' article says: ਀ഊ3) North English Oatcakes ਀䠀愀瘀攀爀挀愀欀攀猀 漀爀 爀椀搀搀氀攀挀愀欀攀猀 搀椀昀昀攀爀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 猀最椀愀渀 漀愀琀挀愀欀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀  ഊHighland Scots in that they are made from a soft dough or batter, ਀爀愀琀栀攀爀 琀栀愀渀 琀栀攀 昀椀爀洀 瀀愀猀琀爀礀 搀漀甀最栀 漀昀 琀栀攀 猀最椀愀渀⸀ ഊ ਀㰀猀渀椀瀀㸀ഊ ਀倀匀㨀 䄀搀愀洀愀渀琀椀甀猀Ⰰ 椀猀 琀栀愀琀 猀甀瀀瀀漀猀攀搀 琀漀 戀攀 ∀爀椀搀搀氀攀挀愀欀攀猀∀ 漀爀 搀椀搀 䤀  ഊperhaps drop a "g" in multiple places? >>> ਀ഊI seem to recall that as one of the traditional names for oatcakes of ਀愀 瀀愀爀琀椀挀甀氀愀爀 欀椀渀搀 椀渀 琀栀攀 一漀爀琀栀 漀昀 䔀渀最氀愀渀搀Ⰰ 瀀漀猀猀椀戀氀礀 愀 夀漀爀欀猀栀椀爀攀  ഊdialect term. ਀ഊThere's a pretty detailed article on oatcakes somewhere in an early ਀椀猀猀甀攀 漀昀 倀攀琀椀琀猀 倀爀漀瀀漀猀 䌀甀氀椀渀愀椀爀攀猀Ⰰ 搀椀猀挀甀猀猀椀渀最 琀栀攀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 戀攀琀眀攀攀渀  ഊbannocks, havercakes, scones/sgians and riddlecakes. ਀ഊI'm up to my ears in paperwork (sinking, actually) connected with the ਀䔀瘀椀氀 匀瀀愀眀渀✀猀 挀漀氀氀攀最攀 昀椀渀愀渀挀椀渀最 愀琀 琀栀攀 洀漀洀攀渀琀Ⰰ 猀漀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 渀攀砀琀 洀漀渀琀栀 漀爀  ഊso, memory is at a premium, and free time more so. ਀ഊBut yes, I believe riddlecakes is a legitimate term, and not the ਀爀攀猀甀氀琀 漀昀 搀爀漀瀀瀀椀渀最 愀渀 椀渀椀琀椀愀氀 ∀最∀Ⰰ 愀琀 氀攀愀猀琀 渀漀琀 愀渀 攀爀爀漀爀 漀渀 洀礀 瀀愀爀琀 漀爀  ഊyours, AFAIK. ਀ഊAdamantius ਀ഊ ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 䴀漀渀Ⰰ 㘀 䄀瀀爀 ㈀　　㤀 ㈀㌀㨀㐀㄀㨀㈀㤀 ⴀ　㔀　　ഊFrom: "Terry Decker" ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 刀攀㨀 嬀匀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀崀 漀愀琀挀愀欀攀猀ഊTo: "Cooks within the SCA" ਀ഊIndeed, riddle cake or riddle bread is north English dialect for a type of ਀栀攀愀瘀礀 漀愀琀 挀愀欀攀⸀  䠀漀眀攀瘀攀爀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 琀攀爀洀 愀瀀瀀攀愀爀猀 琀漀 戀攀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 ㄀㜀琀栀 䌀攀渀琀甀爀礀⸀ഊ ਀䈀攀愀爀ഊ ਀ഊDate: Tue, 7 Apr 2009 18:52:20 -0500 ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 ∀吀攀爀爀礀 䐀攀挀欀攀爀∀ 㰀琀⸀搀⸀搀攀挀欀攀爀 愀琀 愀琀琀⸀渀攀琀㸀ഊSubject: [Sca-cooks] Riddle was oatcakes ਀吀漀㨀 ∀䌀漀漀欀猀 眀椀琀栀椀渀 琀栀攀 匀䌀䄀∀ 㰀猀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀 愀琀 氀椀猀琀猀⸀愀渀猀琀攀漀爀爀愀⸀漀爀最㸀ഊ ਀䤀渀琀攀爀攀猀琀椀渀最 眀漀爀搀⸀  䄀 爀椀搀搀氀攀 椀猀 愀 挀漀愀爀猀攀 猀椀攀瘀攀 甀猀攀搀 琀漀 猀攀瀀攀爀愀琀攀 最爀愀椀渀 昀爀漀洀 ഊchaff. The two common forms of riddle appear to be a plate with holes ਀搀爀椀氀氀攀搀 椀渀 椀琀 漀爀 愀 眀漀漀搀攀渀 爀椀洀 猀琀爀甀渀最 眀椀琀栀 愀 挀漀愀爀猀攀 眀椀爀攀 洀攀猀栀⸀  䘀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 ഊusage, a riddle cake appears to be an oatcake made from coarse grain rather ਀琀栀愀渀 昀爀漀洀 挀甀琀 漀爀 洀椀氀氀攀搀 漀愀琀猀⸀  䄀渀搀 礀攀猀 椀琀 椀猀 琀栀攀 猀漀甀爀挀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 琀攀爀洀Ⰰ ∀爀椀搀搀氀攀 ഊwith bullets," from an earlier term, "to make a riddle of." ਀ഊBear ਀ഊ ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 吀栀甀Ⰰ ㄀㘀 䄀瀀爀 ㈀　　㤀 ㈀㄀㨀㈀㐀㨀　㌀ ⴀ　㐀　　ഊFrom: Johnna Holloway ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 刀攀㨀 嬀匀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀崀 刀椀搀搀氀攀 眀愀猀 漀愀琀挀愀欀攀猀ഊTo: Cooks within the SCA ਀ഊRiddle goes far back as a term with quotations like these: ਀ഊ*/a/1100* /Gerefa/ in /Anglia/ IX. 264 S?dleap, hriddel, her~syfe. ਀ഊ*/c/1340* /Nominale/ (Skeat) 531 /Sak, cryuere, et sace/, sak, ridelle, ਀愀渀搀 栀攀爀攀猀礀甀攀⸀ഊ ਀⨀㄀㌀㠀㈀⨀  ഊWyclif ਀⼀䄀洀漀猀⼀ 椀砀⸀ 㤀 䄀猀 眀栀攀琀攀 椀猀 猀洀礀琀攀渀 椀渀 愀 爀礀搀椀氀⸀ഊ ਀⨀⼀挀⼀㄀㐀㐀　⨀ ⼀倀爀漀洀瀀⸀ 倀愀爀瘀⸀⼀ 㐀㌀㌀⼀㄀ 刀礀搀礀氀Ⰰ 漀昀 挀漀爀渀 挀氀攀渀猀礀渀最攀Ⰰ⸀⸀⼀挀爀椀戀爀甀洀⼀⸀ഊ ਀⨀㄀㐀㤀㔀⨀ ⼀吀爀攀瘀椀猀愀✀猀 䈀愀爀琀栀⸀ 䐀攀 倀⸀刀⸀⼀ 堀嘀䤀䤀⸀ 挀砀砀砀瘀⸀ 㘀㤀㄀ 䠀甀氀欀攀猀 昀愀氀氀攀琀栀 漀昀 ഊwhan corne is clensyd wyth a syfue or wyth a Ryddyll. ਀ഊ*1601* ਀㰀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀搀椀挀琀椀漀渀愀爀礀⸀漀攀搀⸀挀漀洀⸀瀀爀漀砀礀⸀氀椀戀⸀甀洀椀挀栀⸀攀搀甀⼀栀攀氀瀀⼀戀椀戀⼀漀攀搀㈀ⴀ栀㌀⸀栀琀洀氀⌀栀漀氀氀愀渀搀㸀䠀漀氀氀愀渀搀 ഊ/Pliny/ XVI. xi. I. 464 The same are shred and minced so small, as they ਀洀愀礀 瀀愀猀猀攀 琀栀爀漀甀最栀 愀 猀椀攀瘀攀 漀爀 愀 爀椀搀搀氀攀⸀ഊ ਀䄀 猀攀愀爀挀栀 琀栀爀漀甀最栀 䔀䔀䈀伀ⴀ吀䌀倀 琀甀爀渀攀搀 甀瀀㨀ഊ ਀刀椀搀搀攀氀攀搀Ⰰ 漀⸀ 瀀氀愀椀琀攀搀Ⰰ 眀爀椀渀欀氀攀搀⸀ഊRiddle-cakes, La. thick sour-cakes. ਀刀椀搀搀氀攀 愀渀 漀戀氀漀渀最 猀椀攀瘀攀 ⠀琀漀 猀攀瀀愀爀愀琀攀 琀栀攀 猀攀攀搀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 䌀漀爀渀⸀⤀ഊ ਀䌀漀氀攀猀Ⰰ 䔀氀椀猀栀愀Ⰰ ㄀㘀㐀　㼀ⴀ㄀㘀㠀　Ⰰ 䄀渀 䔀渀最氀椀猀栀 搀椀挀琀椀漀渀愀爀礀 ㄀㘀㜀㜀ഊ ਀愀渀搀 琀栀椀猀 栀愀渀搀礀 ㄀㜀琀栀 挀攀渀琀甀爀礀 瀀愀爀愀最爀愀瀀栀 琀栀愀琀 攀砀瀀氀愀椀渀猀 愀氀氀㨀ഊ ਀䄀 䈀愀渀渀漀挀欀Ⰰ 䄀渀 伀愀琀ⴀ挀愀欀攀 欀渀攀愀搀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 眀愀琀攀爀 漀渀氀礀 愀渀搀 戀愀欀攀搀 椀渀 琀栀攀 䔀洀戀攀爀猀⸀ ഊIn Lancashire, and other parts of the North, they make several sorts of ਀伀愀琀攀渀 戀爀攀愀搀Ⰰ 眀栀椀挀栀 琀栀攀礀 挀愀氀氀 戀礀 猀攀瘀攀爀愀氀 渀愀洀攀猀㨀 愀猀 ㄀⸀ 吀栀愀爀挀愀欀攀猀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 猀愀洀攀 ഊwith Bannocks, viz. Cakes made of Oat-meal as it comes from the mill and ਀昀愀椀爀 眀愀琀攀爀Ⰰ 眀椀琀栀漀甀琀 夀攀愀猀琀 漀爀 氀攀愀瘀攀渀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 猀漀 戀愀欀攀搀⸀ ㈀⸀ 䌀氀愀瀀ⴀ戀爀攀愀搀㨀 吀栀椀渀 ഊhard Oat-cakes. 3. Kitchiness-bread: Thin soft Oat-cakes made of thin ਀戀愀琀琀攀爀⸀ 㐀⸀ 刀椀搀搀氀攀ⴀ挀愀欀攀猀㨀 琀栀椀挀欀 匀漀甀爀ⴀ挀愀欀攀猀Ⰰ 昀爀漀洀 眀栀椀挀栀 搀椀昀昀攀爀猀 氀椀琀琀氀攀 ഊthat which they call Hand-hoven Bread, having but little leaven, and ਀戀攀椀渀最 欀渀攀愀搀攀搀 猀琀椀昀昀攀爀⸀ 㔀⸀ 䨀愀渀渀漀挀欀Ⰰ 伀愀琀攀渀 戀爀攀愀搀 洀愀搀攀 甀瀀 椀渀 氀漀愀瘀攀猀⸀ഊ ਀刀愀礀Ⰰ 䨀漀栀渀⸀ 䄀 挀漀氀氀攀挀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 䔀渀最氀椀猀栀 瘀瘀漀爀搀猀Ⰰ ㄀㘀㜀㐀ഊ ਀吀栀攀爀攀✀猀 愀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀 椀渀 倀爀攀栀椀猀琀漀爀椀挀 挀漀漀欀攀爀礀㨀 爀攀挀椀瀀攀猀 ☀ 栀椀猀琀漀爀礀 戀礀 䨀愀渀攀 䴀⸀ ഊRenfrew. ਀ഊYORKSHIRE *RIDDLE BREAD* Mix a quantity of pinhead oatmeal with water to make a ਀琀栀椀挀欀 瀀漀爀爀椀搀最攀⸀ 䰀攀愀瘀攀 漀瘀攀爀渀椀最栀琀 椀渀 愀 眀愀爀洀 爀漀漀洀⸀ 一攀砀琀 搀愀礀 愀搀搀 猀愀氀琀 琀漀 琀愀猀琀攀 愀渀搀 瀀氀愀挀攀 猀瀀漀漀渀昀甀氀猀 漀渀 琀漀 愀 栀漀琀 戀愀欀攀猀琀漀渀攀 漀爀 最爀椀搀搀氀攀⸀ 䄀猀 琀栀攀 戀爀攀愀搀 挀漀漀欀猀Ⰰ 椀琀 戀甀戀戀氀攀猀 甀瀀Ⰰ 最椀瘀椀渀最 琀栀攀 挀栀愀爀愀挀琀攀爀椀猀琀椀挀 愀瀀瀀攀愀爀愀渀挀攀⸀ 䈀爀漀眀渀 琀栀攀 挀愀欀攀猀 漀渀 漀渀攀 猀椀搀攀 漀渀氀礀⸀ 瀀愀最攀 㐀　⸀ഊ ਀䨀漀栀渀渀愀攀ഊ ਀㰀琀栀攀 攀渀搀㸀ഊEdited by Mark S. Harris oatcakes-msg 11 of 11 ਀ഊ