Hors-Gme-Eqmt-art - 8/16/09 ਀ഊ"Equipment for Equestrian Games" by Lady Lyonet Lamoureux. ਀ഊNOTE: See also the files: Int-Equestran-art, Horse-Games-art, Horse-Barding-art, horses-msg, Horse-n-t-MA-art, horses-bib, horses-lnks, p-horses-bib, saddles-msg, Stirrups-Hist-art. ਀ഊ************************************************************************ ਀一伀吀䤀䌀䔀 ⴀഊ ਀吀栀椀猀 愀爀琀椀挀氀攀 眀愀猀 猀甀戀洀椀琀琀攀搀 琀漀 洀攀 戀礀 琀栀攀 愀甀琀栀漀爀 昀漀爀 椀渀挀氀甀猀椀漀渀 椀渀 琀栀椀猀 猀攀琀 漀昀 昀椀氀攀猀Ⰰ 挀愀氀氀攀搀 匀琀攀昀愀渀✀猀 䘀氀漀爀椀氀攀最椀甀洀⸀ ഊ ਀吀栀攀猀攀 昀椀氀攀猀 愀爀攀 愀瘀愀椀氀愀戀氀攀 漀渀 琀栀攀 䤀渀琀攀爀渀攀琀 愀琀㨀 栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀昀氀漀爀椀氀攀最椀甀洀⸀漀爀最ഊ ਀䌀漀瀀礀爀椀最栀琀 琀漀 琀栀攀 挀漀渀琀攀渀琀猀 漀昀 琀栀椀猀 昀椀氀攀 爀攀洀愀椀渀猀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 愀甀琀栀漀爀 漀爀 琀爀愀渀猀氀愀琀漀爀⸀ഊ ਀圀栀椀氀攀 琀栀攀 愀甀琀栀漀爀 眀椀氀氀 氀椀欀攀氀礀 最椀瘀攀 瀀攀爀洀椀猀猀椀漀渀 昀漀爀 琀栀椀猀 眀漀爀欀 琀漀 戀攀 爀攀瀀爀椀渀琀攀搀 椀渀 匀䌀䄀 琀礀瀀攀 瀀甀戀氀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀猀Ⰰ 瀀氀攀愀猀攀 挀栀攀挀欀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 愀甀琀栀漀爀 昀椀爀猀琀 漀爀 挀栀攀挀欀 昀漀爀 愀渀礀 瀀攀爀洀椀猀猀椀漀渀猀 最爀愀渀琀攀搀 愀琀 琀栀攀 攀渀搀 漀昀 琀栀椀猀 昀椀氀攀⸀ഊ ਀吀栀愀渀欀 礀漀甀ⰀഊMark S. Harris...AKA:..Stefan li Rous ਀猀琀攀昀愀渀 愀琀 昀氀漀爀椀氀攀最椀甀洀⸀漀爀最ഊ************************************************************************ ਀ഊThis article is part of a series of articles originally written for "The Avantgarde", the newsletter for the Principality of Avacal in the Kingdom of An Tir. ਀ഊAll the rules quoted here are based on the "An Tir Book of the Horse", which is the handbook of equestrian rules for the Kingdom of An Tir. Much of it is common in other kingdoms, but you should check your local rules and regulations before starting any equestrian activities. ਀ഊEquipment for Equestrian Games ਀戀礀 䰀愀搀礀 䰀礀漀渀攀琀 䰀愀洀漀甀爀攀甀砀ഊ ਀吀栀椀猀 椀猀猀甀攀 眀椀氀氀 搀攀琀愀椀氀 攀焀甀椀瀀洀攀渀琀 渀攀攀搀猀 愀渀搀 猀瀀攀挀椀昀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀猀⸀  䴀愀渀礀 漀昀 琀栀攀 椀琀攀洀猀 爀攀焀甀椀爀攀搀 挀愀渀 戀攀 甀猀攀搀 昀漀爀 洀漀爀攀 琀栀愀渀 漀渀攀 攀瘀攀渀琀⸀  䘀漀爀 攀砀愀洀瀀氀攀Ⰰ 椀昀 礀漀甀 洀愀渀甀昀愀挀琀甀爀攀 礀漀甀爀 爀椀渀最 琀椀氀琀椀渀最 猀瀀攀愀爀 椀渀 琀栀攀 瀀爀漀瀀攀爀 昀愀猀栀椀漀渀Ⰰ 椀琀 挀愀渀 愀氀猀漀 猀攀爀瘀攀 愀猀 礀漀甀爀 瀀椀最ⴀ猀琀椀挀欀椀渀最 猀瀀攀愀爀⸀ഊ ਀䜀攀渀攀爀愀氀 刀甀氀攀猀 刀攀最愀爀搀椀渀最 䔀焀甀椀瀀洀攀渀琀 唀猀攀 愀渀搀 刀攀焀甀椀爀攀洀攀渀琀猀ഊ ਀刀椀搀攀爀猀 洀甀猀琀 栀漀氀搀 琀栀攀椀爀 氀愀渀挀攀 漀爀 猀瀀攀愀爀 椀渀 愀 瘀攀爀琀椀挀愀氀 瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀 甀渀琀椀氀 愀搀瘀愀渀挀椀渀最 愀琀 愀 琀愀爀最攀琀⸀ 伀渀挀攀 礀漀甀 栀愀瘀攀 挀漀洀瀀氀攀琀攀搀 礀漀甀爀 愀琀琀攀洀瀀琀 琀漀 猀琀爀椀欀攀 礀漀甀爀 琀愀爀最攀琀Ⰰ 爀愀椀猀攀 礀漀甀爀 氀愀渀挀攀 漀爀 猀瀀攀愀爀 戀愀挀欀 琀漀 愀 瘀攀爀琀椀挀愀氀 瀀漀猀椀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 椀洀洀攀搀椀愀琀攀氀礀⸀ഊ ਀䤀渀 挀愀猀攀 漀昀 䔀洀攀爀最攀渀挀礀 漀爀 氀漀猀猀 漀昀 挀漀渀琀爀漀氀 䐀刀伀倀 夀伀唀刀 圀䔀䄀倀伀一⸀   吀漀 搀爀漀瀀 椀琀 猀愀昀攀氀礀Ⰰ 栀漀氀搀 椀琀 漀甀琀 瀀愀爀愀氀氀攀氀 琀漀 琀栀攀 最爀漀甀渀搀 愀渀搀 氀攀琀 最漀⸀  䐀漀 渀漀琀 琀栀爀漀眀 礀漀甀爀 眀攀愀瀀漀渀 漀爀 猀瀀椀欀攀 椀琀 愀猀 琀栀椀猀 挀爀攀愀琀攀猀 愀 猀愀昀攀琀礀 栀愀稀愀爀搀⸀ഊ ਀䄀猀 椀渀 愀氀氀 昀漀爀洀猀 漀昀 匀䌀䄀 洀愀爀琀椀愀氀 愀挀琀椀瘀椀琀椀攀猀Ⰰ 愀 挀愀氀氀 漀昀 䠀漀氀搀℀ 洀攀愀渀猀 猀琀漀瀀 攀瘀攀爀礀琀栀椀渀最 礀漀甀 愀爀攀 搀漀椀渀最⸀  䤀渀 琀栀攀 挀愀猀攀 漀昀 攀焀甀攀猀琀爀椀愀渀 椀琀 愀氀猀漀 洀攀愀渀猀 戀爀椀渀最 礀漀甀爀 栀漀爀猀攀 琀漀 愀 猀琀愀渀搀猀琀椀氀氀 愀猀 焀甀椀挀欀氀礀 愀猀 猀愀昀攀氀礀 瀀漀猀猀椀戀氀攀 愀渀搀 搀漀 渀漀琀 挀漀渀琀椀渀甀攀 琀栀攀 挀漀甀爀猀攀 甀渀琀椀氀 琀栀攀 䔀焀甀攀猀琀爀椀愀渀 䴀愀爀猀栀愀氀 愀瀀瀀爀漀瘀攀猀 椀琀⸀ഊ ਀吀礀瀀椀挀愀氀氀礀 漀渀氀礀 漀渀攀 栀漀爀猀攀 椀猀 愀氀氀漀眀攀搀 漀渀 愀 挀漀甀爀猀攀 愀琀 愀 琀椀洀攀⸀  䤀昀 洀漀爀攀 琀栀愀渀 漀渀攀 挀漀甀爀猀攀 眀椀氀氀 戀攀 爀甀渀 猀椀洀甀氀琀愀渀攀漀甀猀氀礀Ⰰ 漀爀 椀昀 椀渀 愀 洀愀琀挀栀 爀愀挀攀 猀椀琀甀愀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 琀栀攀渀 琀栀攀猀攀 挀漀甀爀猀攀猀 洀甀猀琀 戀攀 猀攀瀀愀爀愀琀攀搀 愀琀 愀 洀椀渀椀洀甀洀 戀礀 愀 氀椀猀琀 爀漀瀀攀⸀ഊ ਀吀漀甀爀渀愀洀攀渀琀 瀀氀愀渀渀攀爀猀 愀爀攀 爀攀猀瀀漀渀猀椀戀氀攀 昀漀爀 瀀爀漀瘀椀搀椀渀最 愀氀氀 攀焀甀椀瀀洀攀渀琀 渀攀挀攀猀猀愀爀礀 昀漀爀 猀攀琀琀椀渀最 甀瀀 琀栀攀 琀漀甀爀渀攀礀 挀漀甀爀猀攀猀 ⠀猀琀愀渀搀愀爀搀猀Ⰰ 琀愀爀最攀琀猀Ⰰ 氀椀猀琀 爀漀瀀攀猀Ⰰ 攀琀挀⸀⤀⸀  倀爀漀瘀椀搀椀渀最 眀攀愀瀀漀渀猀 ⠀猀眀漀爀搀猀Ⰰ 氀愀渀挀攀猀Ⰰ 猀瀀攀愀爀猀Ⰰ 攀琀挀⸀⤀ 椀猀 琀栀攀 爀攀猀瀀漀渀猀椀戀椀氀椀琀礀 漀昀 琀栀攀 爀椀搀攀爀猀⸀  匀漀洀攀 愀爀攀愀猀 洀愀礀 攀瘀攀渀琀甀愀氀氀礀 栀愀瘀攀 氀漀愀渀攀爀 最攀愀爀 愀瘀愀椀氀愀戀氀攀Ⰰ 戀甀琀 猀椀渀挀攀 琀栀椀猀 愀挀琀椀瘀椀琀礀 椀猀 猀漀 渀攀眀Ⰰ 搀漀 渀漀琀 攀砀瀀攀挀琀 琀栀攀爀攀 琀漀 戀攀 眀攀愀瀀漀渀猀 愀瘀愀椀氀愀戀氀攀 昀漀爀 礀漀甀爀 甀猀攀⸀ഊ ਀䄀 渀漀琀攀 愀戀漀甀琀 洀椀渀漀爀猀㨀  椀琀 椀猀 攀砀瀀攀挀琀攀搀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 渀攀眀 爀甀氀攀猀 眀椀氀氀 氀椀洀椀琀 洀椀渀漀爀 瀀愀爀琀椀挀椀瀀愀琀椀漀渀 琀漀 琀栀漀猀攀 眀栀漀 愀爀攀 ㄀　 礀攀愀爀猀 漀氀搀 漀爀 漀氀搀攀爀⸀  䴀椀渀漀爀猀 愀爀攀 愀氀氀漀眀攀搀 琀漀 挀漀洀瀀攀琀攀 椀渀 愀氀氀 最愀洀攀猀 瀀氀愀礀攀搀 戀礀 琀栀攀 愀搀甀氀琀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 愀爀攀 甀渀搀攀爀 琀栀攀 猀愀洀攀 愀甀琀栀漀爀椀稀愀琀椀漀渀 爀攀焀甀椀爀攀洀攀渀琀猀⸀  吀栀攀礀 愀爀攀 渀漀琀 愀氀氀漀眀攀搀 琀漀 甀猀攀 氀椀瘀攀 猀琀攀攀氀 昀漀爀 愀渀礀 漀昀 琀栀攀 最愀洀攀猀⸀  䤀昀 洀椀渀漀爀猀 愀爀攀 攀砀瀀攀挀琀攀搀 愀琀 礀漀甀爀 琀漀甀爀渀攀礀Ⰰ 礀漀甀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 洀愀欀攀 猀甀爀攀 琀栀愀琀 漀瀀琀椀漀渀猀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀洀 琀漀 挀漀洀瀀攀琀攀 攀砀椀猀琀⸀  䘀漀爀 攀砀愀洀瀀氀攀Ⰰ 椀渀 琀栀攀 倀椀最 匀琀椀挀欀椀渀最 最愀洀攀Ⰰ 琀愀爀最攀琀猀 挀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 挀爀攀愀琀攀搀 猀漀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀礀 挀愀渀 戀攀 瀀椀挀欀攀搀 甀瀀 眀椀琀栀 愀 嘀攀氀挀爀漀 琀椀瀀瀀攀搀 猀瀀攀愀爀 椀渀猀琀攀愀搀 漀昀 氀椀瘀攀 猀琀攀攀氀⸀ഊ ਀吀椀氀琀椀渀最 匀琀礀氀攀猀ഊ ਀一漀爀洀愀渀⼀䘀爀愀渀欀椀猀栀㨀 吀栀攀 爀椀搀攀爀 栀漀氀搀猀 栀椀猀 氀愀渀挀攀 愀挀爀漀猀猀 栀椀猀 栀漀爀猀攀✀猀 渀攀挀欀 愀渀搀 猀瀀攀愀爀猀 琀栀攀 琀愀爀最攀琀 漀渀 琀栀攀 漀瀀瀀漀猀椀琀攀 猀椀搀攀 昀爀漀洀 栀椀猀 氀愀渀挀攀 愀爀洀⸀ 吀栀椀猀 洀攀琀栀漀搀 爀攀焀甀椀爀攀猀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 琀愀爀最攀琀 戀攀 栀椀最栀攀爀 琀栀愀渀 昀漀爀 倀攀爀猀椀愀渀 猀漀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 氀愀渀挀攀 椀猀 渀漀琀 樀漀猀琀氀攀搀 戀礀 琀栀攀 栀漀爀猀攀⸀  ഊ ਀匀愀爀愀挀攀渀⼀倀攀爀猀椀愀渀㨀  吀栀攀 爀椀搀攀爀 氀漀眀攀爀猀 栀椀猀 氀愀渀挀攀 瘀攀爀琀椀挀愀氀氀礀 漀渀 琀栀攀 猀愀洀攀 猀椀搀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 栀漀爀猀攀 愀猀 栀椀猀 氀愀渀挀攀 愀爀洀⸀   吀栀椀猀 洀攀琀栀漀搀 愀氀氀漀眀猀 琀栀攀 琀愀爀最攀琀 琀漀 戀攀 氀漀眀攀爀 琀栀愀渀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 䘀爀愀渀欀椀猀栀 䴀攀琀栀漀搀ഊ ਀䜀攀渀攀爀愀氀 吀漀甀爀渀攀礀 䘀椀攀氀搀 刀攀焀甀椀爀攀洀攀渀琀猀ഊ ਀吀栀攀 愀爀攀愀 爀攀焀甀椀爀攀搀 琀漀 栀漀氀搀 愀渀 攀焀甀攀猀琀爀椀愀渀 琀漀甀爀渀攀礀 搀攀瀀攀渀搀猀 甀瀀漀渀 眀栀椀挀栀 最愀洀攀猀 礀漀甀 眀椀氀氀 爀甀渀⸀  匀漀洀攀 最愀洀攀猀 爀攀焀甀椀爀攀 洀漀爀攀 猀瀀愀挀攀 琀栀愀渀 漀琀栀攀爀猀Ⰰ 猀漀 欀攀攀瀀 琀栀椀猀 椀渀 洀椀渀搀 眀栀攀渀 搀攀猀椀最渀椀渀最 礀漀甀爀 挀漀甀爀猀攀⸀ഊ ਀䤀渀 最攀渀攀爀愀氀 愀 昀椀攀氀搀 洀攀愀猀甀爀椀渀最 ㄀㠀　 昀攀攀琀 氀漀渀最 戀礀 㘀　 昀攀攀琀 眀椀搀攀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 猀甀昀昀椀挀椀攀渀琀 琀漀 爀甀渀 愀氀氀 琀栀攀 最愀洀攀猀 愀渀搀 栀愀瘀攀 猀攀瘀攀爀愀氀 猀攀琀 甀瀀 愀琀 琀栀攀 猀愀洀攀 琀椀洀攀⸀  匀洀愀氀氀攀爀 愀爀攀愀猀 挀愀渀 戀攀 甀猀攀搀Ⰰ 戀甀琀 洀愀礀 椀渀瘀漀氀瘀攀 栀愀瘀椀渀最 琀漀 猀攀琀 甀瀀 愀渀搀 琀愀欀攀 搀漀眀渀 猀漀洀攀 瀀椀攀挀攀猀 漀昀 最愀洀攀猀 攀焀甀椀瀀洀攀渀琀 愀昀琀攀爀 攀愀挀栀 爀甀渀⸀  䤀昀 礀漀甀 瀀氀愀渀 漀渀 栀愀瘀椀渀最 洀漀爀攀 琀栀愀渀 漀渀攀 栀漀爀猀攀 挀漀洀瀀攀琀椀渀最 猀椀洀甀氀琀愀渀攀漀甀猀氀礀Ⰰ 礀漀甀 洀愀礀 渀攀攀搀 愀渀 愀爀攀愀 琀栀愀琀 椀猀 眀椀搀攀爀⸀ഊ ਀吀栀攀 琀漀甀爀渀攀礀 猀椀琀攀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 猀攀琀 甀瀀 洀甀挀栀 氀椀欀攀 愀 栀攀愀瘀礀 昀椀最栀琀椀渀最⼀爀愀瀀椀攀爀 昀椀攀氀搀⸀  吀栀攀 昀椀攀氀搀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 挀漀洀瀀氀攀琀攀氀礀 攀渀挀椀爀挀氀攀搀 猀漀 琀栀愀琀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 愀 爀椀搀攀爀 戀攀 琀栀爀漀眀渀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 栀漀爀猀攀 眀椀氀氀 氀椀欀攀氀礀 爀攀洀愀椀渀 挀漀渀琀愀椀渀攀搀 漀渀 琀栀攀 昀椀攀氀搀⸀  匀漀氀椀搀 昀攀渀挀椀渀最 椀猀 瀀爀攀昀攀爀爀攀搀Ⰰ 戀甀琀 愀琀 洀椀渀椀洀甀洀 愀 戀愀渀渀攀爀攀搀 氀椀猀琀 爀漀瀀攀 椀猀 愀挀挀攀瀀琀愀戀氀攀⸀   一愀琀甀爀愀氀 戀愀爀爀椀攀爀猀 猀甀挀栀 愀猀 愀 猀琀攀攀瀀 栀椀氀氀 漀爀 瘀攀爀礀 琀栀椀挀欀 琀爀攀攀 氀椀渀攀 ⠀愀渀礀琀栀椀渀最 琀栀愀琀 愀 栀漀爀猀攀 椀猀 甀渀氀椀欀攀氀礀 琀漀 愀琀琀攀洀瀀琀 琀漀 渀攀最漀琀椀愀琀攀⤀ 洀愀礀 戀攀 愀挀挀攀瀀琀愀戀氀攀 愀猀 愀 戀愀爀爀椀攀爀Ⰰ 挀栀攀挀欀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 䔀焀甀攀猀琀爀椀愀渀 䴀愀爀猀栀愀氀 昀漀爀 挀漀渀昀椀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀⸀  䤀渀 愀氀氀 挀愀猀攀猀Ⰰ 愀 爀漀瀀攀 漀爀 昀攀渀挀攀 戀愀爀爀椀攀爀 洀甀猀琀 戀攀 椀渀 瀀氀愀挀攀 戀攀琀眀攀攀渀 琀栀攀 昀椀攀氀搀 愀渀搀 愀渀礀 猀瀀攀挀琀愀琀漀爀猀 瀀爀攀猀攀渀琀⸀ഊ ਀䰀甀砀甀爀椀攀猀 猀甀挀栀 愀猀 愀 氀愀爀最攀 猀甀渀猀栀愀搀攀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 愀氀猀漀 戀攀 挀漀渀猀椀搀攀爀攀搀⸀  䄀氀眀愀礀猀 爀攀洀攀洀戀攀爀 礀漀甀爀 栀漀爀猀攀猀 眀栀攀渀 搀攀猀椀最渀椀渀最 挀漀洀昀漀爀琀猀⸀  䠀漀爀猀攀猀 氀椀欀攀 猀栀愀搀攀 琀漀漀℀  䄀渀搀Ⰰ 愀猀 椀渀 愀渀礀 昀漀爀洀 漀昀 洀愀爀琀椀愀氀 愀挀琀椀瘀椀琀礀Ⰰ 眀愀琀攀爀 洀甀猀琀 戀攀 愀瘀愀椀氀愀戀氀攀 昀漀爀 戀漀琀栀 爀椀搀攀爀猀 愀渀搀 栀漀爀猀攀猀 愀琀 愀氀氀 琀椀洀攀猀⸀ഊ ਀䜀愀洀攀猀 䔀焀甀椀瀀洀攀渀琀㨀ഊ ਀䤀渀 愀氀氀 挀愀猀攀猀 琀栀攀 琀攀爀洀 ✀猀琀愀渀搀愀爀搀✀ 爀攀瀀爀攀猀攀渀琀猀 愀 猀琀愀渀搀 漀爀 瀀漀猀琀 甀猀攀搀 琀漀 洀漀甀渀琀 愀搀搀椀琀椀漀渀愀氀 攀焀甀椀瀀洀攀渀琀⸀  䔀愀挀栀 琀礀瀀攀 漀昀 最愀洀攀 眀椀氀氀 搀攀琀攀爀洀椀渀攀 琀栀攀 栀攀椀最栀琀 爀攀焀甀椀爀攀洀攀渀琀猀⸀  䄀氀氀 猀琀愀渀搀愀爀搀猀 洀甀猀琀 戀攀 猀琀愀戀氀攀Ⰰ 洀攀愀渀椀渀最 琀栀攀礀 眀椀氀氀 渀漀琀 琀漀瀀瀀氀攀 椀昀 愀 栀漀爀猀攀 栀愀瀀瀀攀渀猀 琀漀 戀甀洀瀀 椀渀琀漀 漀渀攀Ⰰ 漀爀 愀 爀椀搀攀爀 猀琀爀椀欀攀猀 琀栀攀椀爀 琀愀爀最攀琀 琀漀漀 猀琀爀漀渀最氀礀Ⰰ 栀漀眀攀瘀攀爀 琀栀攀礀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 最椀瘀攀 甀渀搀攀爀 攀砀琀爀攀洀攀 瀀爀攀猀猀甀爀攀Ⰰ 猀漀 愀猀 琀漀 渀漀琀 琀爀愀瀀 愀渀搀 瀀愀渀椀挀 愀 栀漀爀猀攀 椀昀 琀栀攀礀 最攀琀 挀愀甀最栀琀 甀瀀 椀渀 漀渀攀⸀  䄀渀礀琀栀椀渀最 甀猀攀搀 愀猀 愀 戀愀猀攀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 猀琀愀渀搀愀爀搀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 瀀爀漀瘀椀搀攀 猀琀愀戀椀氀椀琀礀Ⰰ 戀甀琀 渀漀琀 戀攀 琀漀漀 眀椀搀攀 愀猀 琀漀 挀愀甀猀攀 愀 栀漀爀猀攀 琀漀 琀爀椀瀀 漀瘀攀爀 椀琀 眀栀椀氀攀 瀀攀爀昀漀爀洀椀渀最 琀栀攀 最愀洀攀⸀ഊ ਀刀椀渀最 吀椀氀琀 ഊ ਀ⴀ ㌀ 猀琀愀渀搀愀爀搀猀 琀漀瀀瀀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 吀ⴀ䈀愀爀 洀漀甀渀琀椀渀最猀Ⰰ 愀瀀瀀爀漀砀椀洀愀琀攀氀礀 㜀 昀攀攀琀 椀渀 栀攀椀最栀琀⸀  吀ⴀ䈀愀爀猀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 攀焀甀椀瀀瀀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 愀 猀礀猀琀攀洀 琀漀 昀愀猀琀攀渀 爀椀渀最猀 猀漀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀礀 栀愀渀最 戀攀氀漀眀 琀栀攀 吀 愀渀搀 眀椀氀氀 戀爀攀愀欀 昀爀攀攀 甀瀀漀渀 戀攀椀渀最 猀瀀攀愀爀攀搀⸀ഊ ਀ⴀ ㄀㈀ 爀椀渀最猀 ⴀ 攀椀琀栀攀爀 㐀 攀愀挀栀 漀昀 ㈀∀Ⰰ 㐀∀ 愀渀搀 㘀∀ 搀椀愀洀攀琀攀爀 漀爀 ㈀ 攀愀挀栀 漀昀 搀椀愀洀攀琀攀爀猀 ㄀∀ 琀漀 㘀∀⸀  刀椀渀最猀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 挀漀氀漀甀爀攀搀 漀爀 栀愀瘀攀 爀椀戀戀漀渀猀 愀琀琀愀挀栀攀搀 琀漀 椀渀挀爀攀愀猀攀 瘀椀猀椀戀椀氀椀琀礀⸀ഊ ਀ⴀ 㜀✀ 琀漀 ㄀　✀ 氀愀渀挀攀 漀爀 猀瀀攀愀爀 椀猀 猀甀最最攀猀琀攀搀Ⰰ 眀椀琀栀 愀 琀椀瀀 渀漀 氀愀爀最攀爀 琀栀愀渀 琀栀攀 猀洀愀氀氀攀猀琀 搀椀愀洀攀琀攀爀 爀椀渀最⸀  䤀琀 洀愀礀 戀攀 愀猀 猀栀漀爀琀 㔀✀㔀∀ 漀爀 愀猀 氀漀渀最 愀猀 挀愀渀 猀愀昀攀氀礀 戀攀 栀愀渀搀氀攀搀 戀礀 琀栀攀 爀椀搀攀爀⸀  䤀琀 挀愀渀 戀攀 洀愀搀攀 漀昀 爀愀琀琀愀渀Ⰰ 栀愀爀搀眀漀漀搀 搀漀眀攀氀Ⰰ 漀爀 瀀漀氀琀爀甀搀攀搀 昀椀戀攀爀最氀愀猀猀⸀  吀栀攀 琀椀瀀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 渀漀琀 戀攀 氀椀瘀攀 猀琀攀攀氀⸀  吀栀攀 猀栀愀昀琀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 愀 洀椀渀椀洀甀洀 漀昀 ㄀ 밀∀ 琀栀椀挀欀⸀  圀漀漀搀攀渀 愀渀搀 爀愀琀琀愀渀 氀愀渀挀攀猀 洀甀猀琀 戀攀 眀爀愀瀀瀀攀搀 氀攀渀最琀栀眀椀猀攀 愀渀搀 猀瀀椀爀愀氀氀礀 眀椀琀栀 昀椀戀攀爀 琀愀瀀攀⸀  䄀瘀漀椀搀 猀攀氀攀挀琀椀渀最 眀漀漀搀 琀栀愀琀 栀愀猀 愀 最爀愀椀渀 琀栀愀琀 爀甀渀猀 猀氀愀渀琀眀椀猀攀 琀栀爀漀甀最栀 琀栀攀 猀栀愀昀琀 猀漀 爀攀搀甀挀攀 琀栀攀 挀栀愀渀挀攀 漀昀 戀爀攀愀欀愀最攀⸀  䄀 洀愀爀欀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 洀愀搀攀 愀琀 琀栀攀 㔀∀ 瀀漀椀渀琀⸀  吀栀攀 爀椀搀攀爀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 渀漀琀 栀漀氀搀 琀栀攀 氀愀渀挀攀 昀漀爀眀愀爀搀 漀昀 琀栀椀猀 洀愀爀欀 椀渀 漀爀搀攀爀 琀漀 欀攀攀瀀 琀栀攀 琀椀瀀 昀漀爀眀愀爀搀 漀昀 琀栀攀 栀漀爀猀攀✀猀 昀愀挀攀⸀  倀愀爀琀椀挀甀氀愀爀氀礀 氀漀渀最ⴀ渀攀挀欀攀搀 栀漀爀猀攀猀 洀愀礀 爀攀焀甀椀爀攀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 氀愀渀挀攀 戀攀 栀攀氀搀 昀愀爀琀栀攀爀 戀愀挀欀 愀氀漀渀最 琀栀攀 猀栀愀昀琀⸀ഊ ਀ഊQuintain or Tilting the Mock Knight ਀ഊ- 1 quintain, approximately 8' tall, heavily weighted at the base, with a shield firmly bolted to the right arm and a sand bag filled with rags or foam suspended from the left. It is recommended that the quintain be built up on the base of a wooden box to maximize stability. The top of the quintain should rotate with low resistance so as to maximize rotation of the shield, but should be stiff enough not to rotate unless struck. All construction should be wood since it will be struck many times and needs to be able to handle that kind of punishment. Try this link for instructions: www.duchytarragon.com/Building%20A%20Quintain.htm ਀ഊ- Quintain lance at least 1 1/4" in diameter. It may taper the last four feet to no less than 3/4" at the tip. The tip should be covered with hard leather or rubber. They can measure 8' to 15' long, but generally they should be 9' to 12' long. You should add weight at the non-striking end to improve balance. It must be made of poltruded fiberglass or weapon grade rattan. You may fit the lance with a counter weight and/or a vamplate, but these should be well attached. Always check your lance for deterioration. The lance may only be spliced once along its length. At the splice, a solid nylon rod a minimum of 1 foot in length and 1 inch in diameter should be used. The rod should be permanently affixed in the core of one half of the lance to be spliced such that the other half of the lance can be slid over the nylon rod to create a tight splice. The splice should then also be wrapped with several layers of fiber tape when in use. A schedule 40 PVC end cap should be permanently affixed on the striking end of the poltruded fiberglass shaft under the heavy rubber end as well as on the counter weight end. ਀ऀഊ ਀䴀攀爀椀搀椀愀猀攀 䌀漀爀漀渀攀氀氀攀 吀椀瀀猀㨀 吀栀攀猀攀 爀甀戀戀攀爀 氀愀渀挀攀 琀椀瀀猀 愀爀攀 挀漀渀猀琀爀甀挀琀攀搀 漀昀 爀甀戀戀攀爀 戀漀愀琀 爀漀氀氀攀爀猀Ⰰ 眀漀漀搀攀渀 漀爀 渀礀氀漀渀 搀漀眀攀氀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 愀 栀攀愀瘀礀 眀愀猀栀攀爀⸀ 吀栀攀 戀漀愀琀 爀漀氀氀攀爀 椀猀 挀甀琀 椀渀 栀愀氀昀 愀渀搀 挀愀猀琀攀氀氀愀琀椀漀渀 挀甀琀 椀渀琀漀 琀栀攀 猀甀爀昀愀挀攀 挀爀攀愀琀椀渀最 昀漀甀爀 昀氀愀琀 瀀漀椀渀琀猀⸀ 吀栀攀 搀漀眀攀氀 椀猀 椀渀猀攀爀琀攀搀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 眀愀猀栀攀爀 愀渀搀 愀 倀嘀䌀 猀氀攀攀瘀攀 椀猀 甀猀攀搀 椀渀 琀栀攀 瀀氀愀挀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 倀嘀䌀 攀渀搀 挀愀瀀⸀ഊBeheading the Enemy ਀ഊ- 5 standards from 4' to 7' high. The tops should have a Velcro or other mounting to attach the targets, and a way to attach a cord or bungee to prevent the target from going too far away from the pole. ਀ഊ- 5 Styrofoam balls, wig stands, or rolled foam, which should be reinforced with strapping tape. Velcro or cord/bungee cord should be attached to the base to be mounted on the standard. ਀ഊ- Wooden sword or mace. Any rider may use a padded short sword or mace up to a maximum of 36" total length. The marshal may require a rider to use a shorter weapon if they feel the rider lacks control of their weapon and constitutes a safety hazard. The weapon must have all striking surfaces padded with a minimum of ½ inch of closed cell foam. The foam should be covered with duct tape or fiber tape. The core and handle of the weapon may be of rattan, silo flex, rattan-cored silo flex, or foam filled golf tube. The use of lanyards is discouraged. ਀ഊIn an effort to achieve a more period feel and look, some kingdoms allow riders who have earned an Intermediate or Advanced Rider Authorization to have the option of using bare, wooden short swords. The equestrian marshal has the final, and only say, whether you will be allowed to use one of these weapons in tournament. These wooden swords must be constructed from hard woods, no softwoods are allowed. The bare weapon may be up to a maximum of 40" total length. The striking surfaces and points must be smooth and blunt. All joinery must be solid and without significant play, upon inspection. Metal may be used in the cross-guard and hilt for decorative or weighting and/or balancing purposes, but must be blunt and securely attached. The total weight of the weapon should be less than 2.5 lbs. ਀ഊ- Cones, barrels or similar equipment to mark the starting and turning points on the course. ਀ഊ- 1 stopwatch. ਀倀椀最 匀琀椀挀欀椀渀最 ⠀愀氀猀漀 挀愀氀氀攀搀 吀攀渀琀 倀攀最最椀渀最⤀ ഊ ਀ⴀ 㜀✀ 琀漀 ㄀　✀ 氀愀渀挀攀 漀爀 猀瀀攀愀爀⸀ 吀栀攀 猀愀洀攀 最攀渀攀爀愀氀 猀瀀攀愀爀 猀琀愀渀搀愀爀搀猀 昀漀爀 猀栀愀昀琀 氀攀渀最琀栀 愀渀搀 挀漀渀猀琀爀甀挀琀椀漀渀 愀猀 琀栀攀 刀椀渀最ⴀ吀椀氀琀椀渀最 氀愀渀挀攀 愀氀猀漀 愀瀀瀀氀礀 琀漀 倀椀最ⴀ匀琀椀挀欀椀渀最⸀ 吀栀攀 洀愀椀渀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀 椀猀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 倀椀最ⴀ匀琀椀挀欀椀渀最 猀瀀攀愀爀猀 渀攀攀搀 琀漀 栀愀瘀攀 愀 氀椀瘀攀 猀琀攀攀氀 瀀漀椀渀琀 昀漀爀 瀀椀攀爀挀椀渀最 琀栀攀 琀愀爀最攀琀猀ഊ ਀ⴀ ㌀ 猀琀礀爀漀昀漀愀洀 戀氀漀挀欀猀Ⰰ 琀栀攀猀攀 洀愀礀 戀攀 漀昀 瘀愀爀椀漀甀猀 猀椀稀攀猀Ⰰ 眀爀愀瀀瀀攀搀 椀渀 猀琀爀愀瀀瀀椀渀最 琀愀瀀攀 愀渀搀 挀漀瘀攀爀攀搀 戀礀 挀氀漀琀栀⸀ ഊ ਀ⴀ 䰀甀爀攀 挀漀甀爀猀椀渀最 洀愀挀栀椀渀攀Ⰰ 椀昀 琀栀攀 洀漀瘀椀渀最 琀愀爀最攀琀猀 漀瀀琀椀漀渀 椀猀 瀀氀愀渀渀攀搀⸀ഊ ਀刀攀攀搀猀 ഊ ਀ⴀ ㄀　 猀琀愀渀搀愀爀搀猀 昀爀漀洀 㐀✀ 琀漀 㘀✀ 栀椀最栀⸀  吀栀攀 琀漀瀀猀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 栀愀瘀攀 愀 嘀攀氀挀爀漀 漀爀 漀琀栀攀爀 洀漀甀渀琀椀渀最 琀漀 愀琀琀愀挀栀 琀栀攀 琀愀爀最攀琀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 愀 眀愀礀 琀漀 愀琀琀愀挀栀 愀 挀漀爀搀 漀爀 戀甀渀最攀攀 琀漀 瀀爀攀瘀攀渀琀 琀栀攀 琀愀爀最攀琀 昀爀漀洀 最漀椀渀最 琀漀漀 昀愀爀 愀眀愀礀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 瀀漀氀攀⸀ഊ ਀ⴀ ∀刀攀攀搀猀∀㨀 ㄀　 爀攀攀搀 琀愀爀最攀琀猀 戀攀琀眀攀攀渀 㐀✀ⴀ㘀✀ 栀椀最栀⸀  吀栀攀 爀攀攀搀 琀愀爀最攀琀猀 挀愀渀 戀攀 愀氀氀 琀栀攀 猀愀洀攀 氀攀渀最琀栀 漀爀 椀渀 搀攀挀爀攀愀猀椀渀最 栀攀椀最栀琀猀⸀  嘀攀氀挀爀漀 漀爀 挀漀爀搀⼀戀甀渀最攀攀 挀漀爀搀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 愀琀琀愀挀栀攀搀 琀漀 琀栀攀 戀愀猀攀 琀漀 戀攀 洀漀甀渀琀攀搀 漀渀 琀栀攀 猀琀愀渀搀愀爀搀ഊ ਀ⴀ 吀栀椀猀 椀猀 愀 猀眀漀爀搀 最愀洀攀Ⰰ 渀漀琀 愀 洀愀挀攀 最愀洀攀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 爀攀焀甀椀爀攀猀 愀 瀀愀搀搀攀搀 猀眀漀爀搀 瀀攀爀 䈀攀栀攀愀搀椀渀最 琀栀攀 䔀渀攀洀礀⸀ഊ ਀䨀愀瘀攀氀椀渀 吀漀猀猀 ⠀愀氀猀漀 挀愀氀氀攀搀 匀瀀攀愀爀 吀栀爀漀眀⤀ ഊ ਀ⴀ ㄀ 琀愀爀最攀琀Ⰰ 甀猀甀愀氀氀礀 愀 搀爀甀洀ⴀ猀栀愀瀀攀搀 漀戀樀攀挀琀 愀琀 氀攀愀猀琀 ㈀✀ 椀渀 搀椀愀洀攀琀攀爀Ⰰ 眀椀琀栀 愀 栀攀愀瘀礀 挀愀爀搀戀漀愀爀搀 漀爀 挀愀渀瘀愀猀 昀愀挀攀Ⰰ 愀琀琀愀挀栀攀搀 琀漀 愀 㐀✀ 戀礀 㠀✀ 猀琀愀渀搀⸀ 吀栀攀 搀爀甀洀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 昀椀氀氀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 挀漀洀瀀愀挀琀攀搀 昀漀愀洀⸀  夀漀甀 挀愀渀 愀氀猀漀 甀猀攀 栀愀礀 戀愀氀攀猀 漀爀 漀琀栀攀爀 愀氀琀攀爀渀愀琀椀瘀攀猀 椀昀 琀栀攀礀 挀愀渀 戀攀 戀爀愀挀攀搀 猀漀 愀猀 渀漀琀 琀漀 洀漀瘀攀 眀栀攀渀 猀琀爀甀挀欀⸀ ഊ ਀ⴀ 䰀椀最栀琀 猀瀀攀愀爀猀 漀爀 樀愀瘀攀氀椀渀猀Ⰰ 㘀✀ 琀漀 㠀✀ 氀漀渀最Ⰰ 眀椀琀栀 氀椀瘀攀 猀琀攀攀氀 瀀漀椀渀琀猀⸀ ഊ ਀ⴀ 匀漀洀攀 戀愀爀爀椀攀爀Ⰰ 栀愀礀 戀愀氀攀猀 昀漀爀 攀砀愀洀瀀氀攀Ⰰ 琀漀 洀愀欀攀 琀栀攀 氀愀渀攀 琀栀攀 栀漀爀猀攀 洀甀猀琀 琀爀愀瘀攀氀 愀渀搀 琀漀 瀀爀漀琀攀挀琀 愀最愀椀渀猀琀 戀漀甀渀挀攀 戀愀挀欀⸀ഊ ਀䌀甀瀀 䌀愀爀爀礀 ⠀吀愀渀欀愀爀搀 漀爀 䌀栀愀氀椀挀攀 刀愀挀攀⤀ഊ ਀ⴀ ㄀ 漀爀 洀漀爀攀 最漀戀氀攀琀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 猀愀洀攀 猀椀稀攀⸀ ഊ ਀ⴀ 圀愀琀攀爀⸀ഊ ਀ⴀ 匀琀漀瀀眀愀琀挀栀⸀ ഊ ਀ⴀ 倀漀氀攀Ⰰ 戀愀爀爀攀氀Ⰰ 漀爀 猀椀洀椀氀愀爀 攀焀甀椀瀀洀攀渀琀 琀漀 洀愀爀欀 琀栀攀 猀琀愀爀琀椀渀最 愀渀搀 攀渀搀椀渀最 瀀漀椀渀琀 愀渀搀 愀搀搀椀琀椀漀渀愀氀 瀀椀攀挀攀猀 琀漀 洀愀爀欀 漀甀琀 琀甀爀渀椀渀最 瀀漀椀渀琀猀 愀渀搀⼀漀爀 栀愀稀愀爀搀猀⸀ ഊ ਀䘀氀愀最 刀愀挀攀 ഊ ਀ⴀ 吀眀漀 㘀✀ 戀礀 㠀✀ 瀀漀氀攀猀 眀椀琀栀 瀀攀渀渀愀渀琀猀 漀爀 昀氀愀最猀 愀琀琀愀挀栀攀搀 琀漀 漀渀攀 攀渀搀⸀ 䔀愀挀栀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 愀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀 挀漀氀漀爀⸀ ഊ ਀ⴀ ㈀ 昀氀愀最 栀漀氀搀攀爀猀⸀ ഊ ਀ⴀ 䄀 琀甀戀攀 ㌀✀ 栀椀最栀 愀渀搀 㐀∀ 椀渀 搀椀愀洀攀琀攀爀 漀爀 愀 戀愀爀爀攀氀 漀爀 栀愀礀 戀愀氀攀 ⠀椀昀 昀氀愀最 瀀漀氀攀 椀猀 猀栀愀爀瀀攀渀攀搀 愀琀 氀漀眀攀爀 攀渀搀⤀ 洀愀礀 戀攀 甀猀攀搀⸀ ഊ ਀ⴀ 匀琀漀瀀眀愀琀挀栀⸀ഊ ਀䘀氀愀琀 圀漀爀欀 ഊ ਀ⴀ 倀爀椀渀琀攀搀 琀攀砀琀 愀渀搀 搀椀愀最爀愀洀 漀昀 琀栀攀 挀漀甀爀猀攀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 瀀爀漀瘀椀搀攀搀 琀漀 琀栀攀 樀甀搀最攀⠀猀⤀ 愀渀搀 爀椀搀攀爀猀 戀攀昀漀爀攀 琀栀攀 眀愀氀欀 琀栀爀漀甀最栀⸀ ഊ ਀ⴀ 㐀 漀爀 洀漀爀攀 挀愀瘀愀氀攀琀琀椀 漀爀 㐀∀ 戀礀 㐀∀ 琀甀爀渀攀搀 瀀漀氀攀猀 愀琀 氀攀愀猀琀 㤀✀ 氀漀渀最 愀渀搀 瀀愀椀渀琀攀搀 琀漀 挀漀渀琀爀愀猀琀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 最爀漀甀渀搀⸀ ഊ ਀ⴀ 倀漀氀攀猀 漀爀 眀攀椀最栀琀攀搀 㔀 最愀氀氀漀渀 戀甀挀欀攀琀猀 眀椀琀栀 猀琀愀昀昀猀 漀爀 猀栀爀甀戀猀 洀愀礀 戀攀 甀猀攀搀 昀漀爀 ऀ戀攀渀搀椀渀最 ⠀琀甀爀渀椀渀最⤀ 漀戀猀琀愀挀氀攀猀⸀ 吀栀攀猀攀 洀甀猀琀 渀漀琀 琀椀瀀 漀瘀攀爀 椀昀 戀爀甀猀栀攀搀 戀礀 栀漀爀猀攀 漀爀 爀椀搀攀爀Ⰰ 漀爀 戀氀漀眀渀 漀瘀攀爀 戀礀 琀栀攀 眀椀渀搀⸀ ഊ ਀ⴀ 䄀 眀愀琀攀爀 栀愀稀愀爀搀 洀愀礀 戀攀 挀漀渀猀琀爀甀挀琀攀搀 甀猀椀渀最 愀 㐀✀ 戀礀 㠀✀ 猀栀攀攀琀 漀昀 瀀氀愀猀琀椀挀 漀爀 琀愀爀瀀⸀ 䴀愀欀攀 愀 ㌀∀ 琀漀 㐀∀ 搀攀瀀爀攀猀猀椀漀渀 ㌀㘀∀ 戀礀 㜀 昀攀攀琀 椀渀 琀栀攀 最爀漀甀渀搀㬀 猀瀀爀攀愀搀 琀栀攀 瀀氀愀猀琀椀挀 漀瘀攀爀 愀渀搀 昀椀氀氀 眀椀琀栀 眀愀琀攀爀⸀ 䌀愀爀攀昀甀氀氀礀 挀漀瘀攀爀 琀栀攀 攀搀最攀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 瀀氀愀猀琀椀挀 眀椀琀栀 搀椀爀琀㬀 氀愀礀 愀 最爀漀甀渀搀 瀀漀氀攀 漀渀 攀愀挀栀 猀椀搀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 眀愀琀攀爀Ⰰ 瀀愀爀愀氀氀攀氀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 琀爀愀挀欀⸀ ഊ ਀刀攀氀愀礀 刀愀挀攀 ഊ ਀ⴀ 匀漀洀攀 栀愀渀搀ⴀ漀昀昀Ⰰ 猀甀挀栀 愀猀 愀 戀愀琀漀渀 ⠀戀愀猀椀挀 爀攀氀愀礀⤀Ⰰ 猀洀愀氀氀 昀氀愀最猀 漀爀 戀愀渀渀攀爀猀 ⠀刀攀琀爀椀攀瘀攀搀 琀栀攀 䈀愀渀渀攀爀⤀ 漀爀 瀀漀琀愀琀漀攀猀 漀爀 最漀氀搀 瀀愀椀渀琀攀搀 爀漀挀欀猀 ⠀䰀漀漀琀 琀栀攀 䌀椀琀礀⤀ ഊ ਀ⴀ 倀漀氀攀Ⰰ 戀愀爀爀攀氀Ⰰ 漀爀 猀椀洀椀氀愀爀 攀焀甀椀瀀洀攀渀琀 琀漀 洀愀爀欀 琀栀攀 猀琀愀爀琀椀渀最 愀渀搀 攀渀搀椀渀最 瀀漀椀渀琀 愀渀搀 愀搀搀椀琀椀漀渀愀氀 瀀椀攀挀攀猀 琀漀 洀愀爀欀 漀甀琀 琀甀爀渀椀渀最 瀀漀椀渀琀猀 愀渀搀⼀漀爀 栀愀稀愀爀搀猀⸀ ഊ ਀䔀焀甀椀瀀洀攀渀琀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 ∀吀愀欀攀 琀栀攀 䴀攀猀猀愀最攀 琀漀 琀栀攀 䐀甀欀攀∀ 漀瀀琀椀漀渀㨀ഊ- 1 message, this can be a scroll or letter, to be handed off between members of the relay team. Alternately you can set up several pieces of a message tapped to a pole that must be retrieved individually. ਀ⴀ ㄀ 䐀甀欀攀 漀爀 漀琀栀攀爀 瀀攀爀猀漀渀 琀栀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀 椀猀 琀漀 戀攀 搀攀氀椀瘀攀爀攀搀 琀漀⸀ഊ ਀刀椀戀戀漀渀 刀愀挀攀 ഊ ਀ⴀ 匀攀瘀攀爀愀氀 瀀椀攀挀攀猀 漀昀 爀椀戀戀漀渀 漀爀 琀眀椀渀攀 ㄀㈀∀ 琀漀 ㄀㐀∀ 氀漀渀最⸀  䤀琀 椀猀 猀甀最最攀猀琀攀搀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 氀攀渀最琀栀 漀昀 琀栀攀 爀椀戀戀漀渀 挀愀渀 瘀愀爀礀 戀愀猀攀搀 漀渀 琀栀攀 愀甀琀栀漀爀椀稀愀琀椀漀渀 氀攀瘀攀氀 漀昀 琀栀攀 爀椀搀攀爀猀 挀漀洀瀀攀琀椀渀最⸀ഊ ਀ⴀ 倀漀氀攀Ⰰ 戀愀爀爀攀氀Ⰰ 漀爀 猀椀洀椀氀愀爀 攀焀甀椀瀀洀攀渀琀 琀漀 洀愀爀欀 琀栀攀 猀琀愀爀琀椀渀最 愀渀搀 攀渀搀椀渀最 瀀漀椀渀琀 愀渀搀 愀搀搀椀琀椀漀渀愀氀 瀀椀攀挀攀猀 琀漀 洀愀爀欀 漀甀琀 琀甀爀渀椀渀最 瀀漀椀渀琀猀 愀渀搀⼀漀爀 栀愀稀愀爀搀猀⸀ ഊ ਀ⴀ 䄀 猀琀漀瀀眀愀琀挀栀⸀ ഊ ਀匀焀甀椀爀攀 刀攀猀挀甀攀 ⠀漀爀 刀攀猀挀甀攀 琀栀攀 䴀愀椀搀攀渀⤀ ഊ ਀ⴀ 䌀栀愀氀欀 漀爀 猀漀洀攀 渀漀渀ⴀ栀愀稀愀爀搀漀甀猀 洀愀琀攀爀椀愀氀 昀漀爀 洀愀爀欀椀渀最 琀栀攀 氀愀渀攀⸀ ഊ ਀ⴀ 䄀 搀甀洀洀礀Ⰰ 漀爀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 愀搀瘀愀渀挀攀搀 瘀攀爀猀椀漀渀Ⰰ 愀渀 愀琀栀氀攀琀椀挀 瘀漀氀甀渀琀攀攀爀 眀栀漀 椀猀 焀甀愀氀椀昀椀攀搀 愀猀 愀渀 愀搀瘀愀渀挀攀搀 爀椀搀攀爀⸀ ഊ ਀ⴀ 匀琀漀瀀眀愀琀挀栀 ഊ ਀儀甀攀猀琀猀 ഊ ਀ⴀ 䔀焀甀椀瀀洀攀渀琀 爀攀焀甀椀爀攀搀 椀猀 攀渀琀椀爀攀氀礀 搀攀瀀攀渀搀愀渀琀 甀瀀漀渀 琀栀攀 焀甀攀猀琀 愀渀搀 椀琀猀 猀攀琀 甀瀀⼀搀攀猀椀最渀⸀  ഊ ਀䴀漀甀渀琀攀搀 䄀爀挀栀攀爀礀ഊ ਀ⴀ 䄀氀氀 愀爀挀栀攀爀礀 攀焀甀椀瀀洀攀渀琀 ⠀戀漀眀猀Ⰰ 愀爀爀漀眀猀Ⰰ 琀愀爀最攀琀猀⤀ 愀渀搀 爀愀渀最攀 洀甀猀琀 戀攀 椀渀猀瀀攀挀琀攀搀 戀礀 愀 眀愀爀爀愀渀琀攀搀 匀䌀䄀 愀爀挀栀攀爀礀 洀愀爀猀栀愀氀 戀攀昀漀爀攀 甀猀攀⸀ 䤀琀 椀猀 愀挀挀攀瀀琀愀戀氀攀 愀渀搀 攀渀挀漀甀爀愀最攀搀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 䔀焀甀攀猀琀爀椀愀渀 䴀愀爀猀栀愀氀 洀愀礀 愀氀猀漀 猀攀爀瘀攀 愀猀 琀栀攀 䄀爀挀栀攀爀礀 䴀愀爀猀栀愀氀 椀昀 琀栀攀礀 栀漀氀搀 琀栀攀 愀瀀瀀爀漀瀀爀椀愀琀攀 眀愀爀爀愀渀琀猀⸀ 䄀氀氀 攀焀甀椀瀀洀攀渀琀 甀猀攀搀 洀甀猀琀 戀攀 氀攀最愀氀 甀渀搀攀爀 琀栀攀 䄀渀 吀椀爀 愀爀挀栀攀爀礀 爀甀氀攀猀⸀ഊ ਀ⴀ 䈀漀眀 圀攀椀最栀琀 ⠀瀀甀氀氀 瀀漀甀渀搀愀最攀⤀ 椀猀 渀漀琀 琀漀 攀砀挀攀攀搀 ㌀㔀⸀ഊ ਀ⴀ 䄀爀挀栀攀爀礀 吀愀爀最攀琀 甀猀攀搀 洀甀猀琀 洀攀攀琀 匀䌀䄀 愀爀挀栀攀爀礀 琀愀爀最攀琀 猀瀀攀挀椀昀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀猀⸀ഊ ਀ⴀ 䄀 戀愀爀爀椀攀爀 漀昀 猀漀洀攀 琀礀瀀攀 琀栀愀琀 眀椀氀氀 渀漀琀 愀氀氀漀眀 琀栀攀 栀漀爀猀攀 愀渀搀 琀漀 瀀愀猀猀 挀氀漀猀攀爀 琀栀愀渀 ㄀　 礀愀爀搀猀 ⠀㌀　 昀攀攀琀⤀ 琀漀 愀渀礀 琀愀爀最攀琀 琀漀 瀀爀攀瘀攀渀琀 搀愀渀最攀爀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 戀漀甀渀挀攀 戀愀挀欀 漀昀 愀爀爀漀眀猀⸀ ഊ ਀ⴀ 䈀攀礀漀渀搀 琀栀攀 琀愀爀最攀琀 愀爀攀愀 琀栀攀爀攀 洀甀猀琀 戀攀 愀 眀愀氀氀 漀爀 愀爀挀栀攀爀礀ⴀ瀀爀漀漀昀 渀攀琀Ⰰ 漀爀 愀 挀氀攀愀爀 愀爀攀愀 愀 洀椀渀椀洀甀洀 漀昀 ㄀　　✀ 氀漀渀最 愀渀搀 ㄀㈀　✀ 眀椀搀攀 ⠀㘀　✀ 漀渀 攀椀琀栀攀爀 猀椀搀攀 漀昀 琀愀爀最攀琀⤀⸀ 吀栀攀 䌀氀攀愀爀 䄀爀攀愀 昀漀爀 琀愀爀最攀琀猀 甀猀攀搀 ∀椀渀 洀漀琀椀漀渀∀ 猀栀漀漀琀椀渀最 洀愀礀 戀攀 漀瘀攀爀氀愀瀀瀀攀搀⸀ 䄀 猀攀挀漀渀搀 戀愀爀爀椀攀爀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 瀀氀愀挀攀搀 瀀愀爀愀氀氀攀氀 琀漀 琀栀攀 昀椀爀猀琀Ⰰ ㄀　 昀攀攀琀 愀瀀愀爀琀 ⠀眀椀搀攀爀 愀猀 渀攀攀搀攀搀 昀漀爀 挀栀愀爀椀漀琀猀⤀Ⰰ 琀栀甀猀 挀爀攀愀琀椀渀最 愀 氀愀渀攀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 愀爀挀栀攀爀猀 琀漀 爀椀搀攀 搀漀眀渀 ഊ ਀䴀漀甀渀琀攀搀 䌀漀洀戀愀琀ഊ ਀䄀猀 眀椀琀栀 愀氀氀 攀焀甀攀猀琀爀椀愀渀 爀甀氀攀猀Ⰰ 琀栀漀猀攀 昀漀爀 䴀漀甀渀琀攀搀 䌀漀洀戀愀琀 愀爀攀 猀琀椀氀氀 戀攀椀渀最 爀攀眀爀椀琀琀攀渀 愀渀搀 眀椀氀氀 氀椀欀攀氀礀 戀攀 攀砀琀攀渀猀椀瘀攀⸀  刀愀琀栀攀爀 琀栀愀渀 瀀爀椀渀琀 愀氀氀 琀栀攀 漀甀琀ⴀ搀愀琀攀搀 攀焀甀椀瀀洀攀渀琀 爀甀氀攀猀 琀栀攀洀 栀攀爀攀Ⰰ 䤀 猀甀最最攀猀琀 愀渀礀漀渀攀 椀渀琀攀爀攀猀琀攀搀 椀渀 䴀漀甀渀琀攀搀 䌀漀洀戀愀琀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 最漀 琀漀 琀栀攀 䄀渀 吀椀爀 眀攀戀 猀椀琀攀 ⠀眀眀眀⸀愀渀琀椀爀⸀猀挀愀⸀漀爀最⼀伀昀昀椀挀攀猀⼀䴀愀爀猀栀愀氀氀愀琀攀⼀䔀焀甀攀猀琀爀椀愀渀⼀攀焀ⴀ爀甀氀攀猀⸀瀀栀瀀⤀ 愀渀搀 爀攀愀搀 琀栀攀 瀀漀猀琀攀搀 瘀攀爀猀椀漀渀猀⸀  ഊ ਀䠀愀瘀攀 昀甀渀℀  䈀攀 猀愀昀攀℀ഊ ਀吀栀攀 䄀渀 吀椀爀 䈀漀漀欀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䠀漀爀猀攀 ⠀䄀䈀漀琀䠀⤀ 椀猀 猀琀椀氀氀 椀渀 爀攀眀爀椀琀攀 猀琀愀琀甀猀⸀  䄀猀 愀 爀攀猀甀氀琀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 栀攀爀攀 椀猀 渀漀琀 最甀愀爀愀渀琀攀攀搀 琀漀 戀攀 愀挀挀甀爀愀琀攀 昀漀爀 甀猀攀 椀渀 䄀渀 吀椀爀⸀  吀栀攀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 椀渀 琀栀椀猀 愀爀琀椀挀氀攀 眀愀猀 琀愀欀攀渀 昀爀漀洀 猀漀甀爀挀攀猀 椀渀 漀琀栀攀爀 䬀椀渀最搀漀洀猀 愀猀 眀攀氀氀 愀猀 琀栀攀 䤀渀琀攀爀 䬀椀渀最搀漀洀 䔀焀甀攀猀琀爀椀愀渀 䌀漀洀瀀攀琀椀琀椀漀渀 ⠀䤀䬀䔀焀䌀⤀ 爀甀氀攀猀⸀  䄀渀礀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀猀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 昀漀爀琀栀挀漀洀椀渀最 爀攀眀爀椀琀琀攀渀 䄀䈀漀琀䠀 眀椀氀氀 氀椀欀攀氀礀 戀攀 洀椀渀漀爀⸀ഊ ਀吀栀愀渀欀猀 琀漀 琀栀攀 攀焀甀攀猀琀爀椀愀渀 挀漀洀洀甀渀椀琀礀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䬀椀渀最搀漀洀 漀昀 䄀攀琀栀攀氀洀愀爀挀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀椀爀 搀攀琀愀椀氀攀搀 猀瀀攀挀椀昀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀猀⸀ഊ------ ਀䌀漀瀀礀爀椀最栀琀 ㈀　　㠀 戀礀 䰀礀愀 䰀愀洀漀甀爀攀甀砀⸀ 㰀氀礀愀氀愀洀漀甀爀攀甀砀 愀琀 最洀愀椀氀⸀挀漀洀㸀⸀ 倀攀爀洀椀猀猀椀漀渀 椀猀 最爀愀渀琀攀搀 昀漀爀 爀攀瀀甀戀氀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀 椀渀 匀䌀䄀ⴀ爀攀氀愀琀攀搀 瀀甀戀氀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀猀Ⰰ 瀀爀漀瘀椀搀攀搀 琀栀攀 愀甀琀栀漀爀 椀猀 挀爀攀搀椀琀攀搀⸀  䄀搀搀爀攀猀猀攀猀 挀栀愀渀最攀Ⰰ 戀甀琀 愀 爀攀愀猀漀渀愀戀氀攀 愀琀琀攀洀瀀琀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 洀愀搀攀 琀漀 攀渀猀甀爀攀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀 愀甀琀栀漀爀 椀猀 渀漀琀椀昀椀攀搀 漀昀 琀栀攀 瀀甀戀氀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀 愀渀搀 椀昀 瀀漀猀猀椀戀氀攀 爀攀挀攀椀瘀攀猀 愀 挀漀瀀礀⸀ഊ ਀䤀昀 琀栀椀猀 愀爀琀椀挀氀攀 椀猀 爀攀瀀爀椀渀琀攀搀 椀渀 愀 瀀甀戀氀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 䤀 眀漀甀氀搀 愀瀀瀀爀攀挀椀愀琀攀 愀 渀漀琀椀挀攀 椀渀 琀栀攀 瀀甀戀氀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀 琀栀愀琀 礀漀甀 昀漀甀渀搀 琀栀椀猀 愀爀琀椀挀氀攀 椀渀 琀栀攀 䘀氀漀爀椀氀攀最椀甀洀⸀ 䤀 眀漀甀氀搀 愀氀猀漀 愀瀀瀀爀攀挀椀愀琀攀 愀渀 攀洀愀椀氀 琀漀 洀礀猀攀氀昀Ⰰ 猀漀 琀栀愀琀 䤀 挀愀渀 琀爀愀挀欀 眀栀椀挀栀 愀爀琀椀挀氀攀猀 愀爀攀 戀攀椀渀最 爀攀瀀爀椀渀琀攀搀⸀ 吀栀愀渀欀猀⸀ ⴀ匀琀攀昀愀渀⸀ഊ ਀㰀琀栀攀 攀渀搀㸀ഊEdited by Mark S. 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