Normans-msg - 3/24/09 ਀ഊNorman culture, dress. References. ਀ഊNOTE: See also the files: Norse-msg, Italy-msg, France-msg, England-msg, fd-Normans-msg, Bayeux-Tap-msg, 12C-Normans-bib. ਀ഊ************************************************************************ ਀一伀吀䤀䌀䔀 ⴀഊ ਀吀栀椀猀 昀椀氀攀 椀猀 愀 挀漀氀氀攀挀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 瘀愀爀椀漀甀猀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀 栀愀瘀椀渀最 愀 挀漀洀洀漀渀 琀栀攀洀攀 琀栀愀琀 䤀 栀愀瘀攀 挀漀氀氀攀挀琀攀搀 昀爀漀洀 洀礀 爀攀愀搀椀渀最 漀昀 琀栀攀 瘀愀爀椀漀甀猀 挀漀洀瀀甀琀攀爀 渀攀琀眀漀爀欀猀⸀ 匀漀洀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀 搀愀琀攀 戀愀挀欀 琀漀 ㄀㤀㠀㤀Ⰰ 猀漀洀攀 洀愀礀 戀攀 愀猀 爀攀挀攀渀琀 愀猀 礀攀猀琀攀爀搀愀礀⸀ഊ ਀吀栀椀猀 昀椀氀攀 椀猀 瀀愀爀琀 漀昀 愀 挀漀氀氀攀挀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 昀椀氀攀猀 挀愀氀氀攀搀 匀琀攀昀愀渀✀猀 䘀氀漀爀椀氀攀最椀甀洀⸀ 吀栀攀猀攀 昀椀氀攀猀 愀爀攀 愀瘀愀椀氀愀戀氀攀 漀渀 琀栀攀 䤀渀琀攀爀渀攀琀 愀琀㨀 栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀昀氀漀爀椀氀攀最椀甀洀⸀漀爀最ഊ ਀䤀 栀愀瘀攀 搀漀渀攀 愀 氀椀洀椀琀攀搀 愀洀漀甀渀琀 漀昀 攀搀椀琀椀渀最⸀ 䴀攀猀猀愀最攀猀 栀愀瘀椀渀最 琀漀 搀漀 眀椀琀栀 猀攀瀀愀爀愀琀攀 琀漀瀀椀挀猀 眀攀爀攀 猀漀洀攀琀椀洀攀猀 猀瀀氀椀琀 椀渀琀漀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀 昀椀氀攀猀 愀渀搀 猀漀洀攀琀椀洀攀猀 攀砀琀爀愀渀攀漀甀猀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 眀愀猀 爀攀洀漀瘀攀搀⸀ 䘀漀爀 椀渀猀琀愀渀挀攀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀 䤀䐀猀 眀攀爀攀 爀攀洀漀瘀攀搀 琀漀 猀愀瘀攀 猀瀀愀挀攀 愀渀搀 爀攀洀漀瘀攀 挀氀甀琀琀攀爀⸀ഊ ਀吀栀攀 挀漀洀洀攀渀琀猀 洀愀搀攀 椀渀 琀栀攀猀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀 愀爀攀 渀漀琀 渀攀挀攀猀猀愀爀椀氀礀 洀礀 瘀椀攀眀瀀漀椀渀琀猀⸀ 䤀 洀愀欀攀 渀漀 挀氀愀椀洀猀 愀猀 琀漀 琀栀攀 愀挀挀甀爀愀挀礀 漀昀 琀栀攀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 最椀瘀攀渀 戀礀 琀栀攀 椀渀搀椀瘀椀搀甀愀氀 愀甀琀栀漀爀猀⸀ഊ ਀倀氀攀愀猀攀 爀攀猀瀀攀挀琀 琀栀攀 琀椀洀攀 愀渀搀 攀昀昀漀爀琀猀 漀昀 琀栀漀猀攀 眀栀漀 栀愀瘀攀 眀爀椀琀琀攀渀 琀栀攀猀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀⸀ 吀栀攀 挀漀瀀礀爀椀最栀琀 猀琀愀琀甀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀猀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀 椀猀 甀渀挀氀攀愀爀 愀琀 琀栀椀猀 琀椀洀攀⸀ 䤀昀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 椀猀 瀀甀戀氀椀猀栀攀搀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀猀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀Ⰰ 瀀氀攀愀猀攀 最椀瘀攀 挀爀攀搀椀琀 琀漀 琀栀攀 漀爀椀最椀渀愀琀漀爀⠀猀⤀⸀ഊ ਀吀栀愀渀欀 礀漀甀Ⰰഊ Mark S. Harris AKA: THLord Stefan li Rous ਀                                          匀琀攀昀愀渀 愀琀 昀氀漀爀椀氀攀最椀甀洀⸀漀爀最ഊ************************************************************************ ਀ഊActually, one of the more interesting pro-Norman arguments I've heard in ਀琀栀攀 匀䌀䄀 爀愀渀 猀漀洀攀琀栀椀渀最 氀椀欀攀 琀栀椀猀㨀ഊ ਀儀㨀 ∀倀昀攀栀℀ 䈀礀 琀栀攀 ㄀㈀琀栀 挀攀渀琀甀爀礀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 䤀爀椀猀栀 栀愀搀 搀椀猀琀椀氀氀愀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 戀爀愀椀渀ഊsurgery, and representative government! What did the Normans have?" ਀ഊA: "Ireland." ਀ഊAdamantius ਀ഊ ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 䔀氀洀愀爀 嘀漀最琀 ⠀㠀⼀㘀⼀㤀㌀⤀ഊTo: Mark Harris ਀刀䔀㸀䄀渀最氀漀ⴀ一漀爀洀愀渀 䜀愀爀戀 儀甀攀猀琀椀ഊ ਀⼀⨀ 夀漀甀 爀攀挀攀渀琀氀礀 愀猀欀攀搀 猀漀洀攀 最漀漀搀 焀甀攀猀琀椀漀渀猀 愀戀漀甀琀 ㄀㄀琀栀 挀攀渀琀甀爀礀 一漀爀洀愀渀 挀氀漀琀栀椀渀最⸀ഊ/* ਀⼀⨀ 䤀昀 礀漀甀 最攀琀 愀渀礀 攀ⴀ洀愀椀氀 爀攀瀀氀椀攀猀 琀栀愀琀 愀爀攀渀✀琀 瀀漀猀琀攀搀 琀漀 琀栀攀 刀椀愀氀琀漀Ⰰ 挀漀甀氀搀ഊ/* you please send them my way? ਀⼀⨀ഊ/* I am currently trying to improve my clothing. Although I am a ਀⼀⨀ ㄀㈀琀栀 挀攀渀琀甀爀礀 愀渀最氀漀ⴀ渀漀爀洀愀渀Ⰰ 眀栀愀琀 礀漀甀 最攀琀 洀愀礀 戀攀 漀昀 最爀攀愀琀 甀猀攀⸀ഊ/* For instance, I wasn't aware that any kind of pants was in common ਀⼀⨀ 甀猀攀⸀ 吀栀攀爀攀 愀爀攀 琀椀洀攀猀 眀栀攀渀 猀漀洀攀 戀爀愀攀猀 眀漀甀氀搀 猀甀爀攀 戀攀愀琀 洀礀 氀漀渀最ഊ/* tunics. ਀⼀⨀ഊ/* Lord Stefan li Rous Mark S. Harris ਀ഊGreetings, My Lord Stefan! ਀ഊAlas, I have to say, my questions seem so good, that no-one was ready ਀琀漀 愀渀猀眀攀爀 椀琀℀ഊNeither on the Rialto nor with private mail have I received any ਀愀渀猀眀攀爀Ⰰ 漀爀 愀琀 氀攀愀猀琀 愀琀琀攀渀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 戀攀猀椀搀攀 礀漀甀爀 欀椀渀搀 氀攀琀琀攀爀⸀ ⠀匀漀 䤀 眀愀猀ഊalready pondering whether my post had arrvied on the Rialto at all- ਀戀甀琀 愀琀 氀攀愀猀琀 䤀 洀礀猀攀氀昀 昀漀甀渀搀 椀琀 琀栀攀爀攀⸀⸀⸀⤀ഊ ਀匀漀 䤀 愀洀 愀猀 挀氀甀攀氀攀猀猀 愀猀 戀攀昀漀爀攀⸀ 圀栀愀琀 䤀 挀愀渀 琀攀氀氀 礀漀甀 昀爀漀洀 洀礀 栀甀洀戀氀攀ഊknowledge is: ਀ഊThere were such things as pants- several of my textbooks state two ਀猀攀瀀愀爀愀琀攀 开䈀攀椀渀氀椀渀最攀开 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 氀攀最猀Ⰰ 琀椀攀搀 琀漀 愀 开䈀爀甀挀栀开 愀爀漀甀渀搀 琀栀攀ഊwaist. (I can send you a scanned gif, if you please). They were used ਀琀栀爀漀甀最栀漀甀琀 琀栀攀 洀椀搀搀氀攀 愀最攀猀 甀渀琀椀氀 琀栀攀 愀搀瘀攀渀琀 漀昀 洀漀爀攀 昀氀攀砀椀戀氀攀 挀氀漀琀栀Ⰰഊwhich allowed for the tension, our modern day trousers exert on our ਀洀漀猀琀 瘀愀氀甀愀戀氀攀 瀀愀爀琀猀 漀昀 愀渀愀琀漀洀礀 眀栀攀渀 猀椀琀琀椀渀最⸀ഊA closer examination of the invaluable Bayeux tapestry shows, that ਀漀戀瘀椀漀甀猀氀礀 琀栀攀 一漀爀洀愀渀猀 愀氀猀漀 爀攀猀漀爀琀攀搀 琀漀 琀栀椀猀 洀攀琀栀漀搀⸀ 倀攀漀瀀氀攀✀猀 氀攀最猀 愀爀攀ഊusually shown in brown or greenish hues (Although we should not put ਀琀漀漀 洀甀挀栀 猀琀爀攀猀猀 漀渀 琀栀攀 挀漀氀漀爀猀⸀⸀⸀ 愀昀琀攀爀 愀氀氀 琀栀攀礀 猀栀漀眀 最爀攀攀渀 栀漀爀猀攀猀Ⰰഊtoo.), but they take tone of pale grey or white, when they wade into ਀眀愀琀攀爀 漀爀 氀愀戀漀爀 栀愀爀搀Ⰰ 椀洀瀀爀漀瘀椀渀最 昀漀爀琀椀昀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀猀⸀ 吀栀椀猀 椀猀 愀氀猀漀 琀栀攀 琀椀洀攀ഊsomething like kneecaps can be seen, so I assume that at this time ਀琀栀攀礀 甀渀氀攀愀猀栀攀搀 琀栀攀椀爀 开䈀攀椀渀氀椀渀最攀开⸀ഊ ਀唀渀昀漀爀琀甀渀愀琀攀氀礀 䤀 搀漀渀✀琀 栀愀瘀攀 最漀漀搀 挀漀氀漀爀 挀漀瀀椀攀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 挀漀洀瀀氀攀琀攀ഊtapestry. So I'm not sure, whether you see several people running ਀愀爀漀甀渀搀 眀椀琀栀 猀漀洀攀琀栀椀渀最 氀椀欀攀 愀 琀椀最栀琀Ⰰ 猀椀洀瀀氀攀 挀愀瀀Ⰰ 漀爀 椀昀 琀栀椀猀 椀猀 樀甀猀琀ഊtheir usual haircut. I have found nothing that'd point to real hats, ਀愀氀琀栀漀甀最栀 䤀✀瘀攀 爀攀愀搀 ⠀椀渀 最攀渀攀爀愀氀 愀戀漀甀琀 琀栀攀 洀椀搀搀氀攀 愀最攀猀⤀Ⰰ 猀琀爀愀眀 栀愀琀猀ഊwere common. (But can you imagine the Sherriff of Nottingham wearing ਀愀 开猀琀爀愀眀 栀愀琀开㼀⤀ഊ ਀䄀猀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 眀愀砀椀渀最 漀昀 挀氀漀琀栀Ⰰ 䤀 猀甀瀀瀀漀猀攀 氀椀渀攀渀 眀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 戀攀猀琀 猀甀椀琀攀搀⸀ഊ(A wax-soaken coat of wool must be pretty heavy!) But I'll experiment ਀漀渀 琀栀愀琀 栀漀瀀攀昀甀氀氀礀 搀甀爀椀渀最 琀栀攀 渀攀砀琀 眀攀攀欀猀 愀渀搀 爀攀瀀漀爀琀 琀栀攀 爀攀猀甀氀琀猀 琀漀 礀漀甀⸀ഊ ਀䤀✀氀氀 愀氀猀漀 瀀甀琀 琀栀椀猀 焀甀攀猀琀椀漀渀 琀漀 愀氀琀⸀栀椀猀琀漀爀礀⸀挀漀猀琀甀洀攀Ⰰ 戀甀琀 䤀 搀漀甀戀琀 琀栀愀琀ഊthey have useful responses... the last time I asked the question ਀愀戀漀甀琀 开䈀攀椀渀氀椀渀最攀开 琀栀攀爀攀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 漀渀氀礀 愀搀瘀椀挀攀 䤀 最漀琀 眀愀猀 琀漀 愀猀欀 琀栀攀ഊSCAdians... well. ਀ഊI hope I could be of some use to you. If you come across something ਀渀攀眀 琀漀 洀攀Ⰰ 漀爀 愀爀攀 漀戀樀攀挀琀椀瘀攀 琀漀 漀渀攀 漀昀 洀礀 猀琀愀琀攀洀攀渀琀猀 愀戀漀瘀攀Ⰰ 搀漀渀✀琀ഊhesitate to improve my humble and limited knowledge on the subject. ਀ഊThe best of Greetings unto thee, ਀ഊ Elmar, to-be Agilmar ਀⼀ⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀ尀ഊ|Elmar Vogt/Abt. Exp. Physik/University of Ulm/89069 Ulm/Germany| ਀簀䔀氀洀愀爀⸀嘀漀最琀 愀琀 瀀栀礀猀椀欀⸀甀渀椀ⴀ甀氀洀⸀搀攀簀瘀漀最琀 愀琀 猀甀渀爀椀猀攀⸀攀ⴀ琀攀挀栀渀椀欀⸀甀渀椀ⴀ甀氀洀⸀搀攀 簀ഊ|Phone:[00]49+731-3026 ________________________________________| ਀簀䘀愀砀㨀            ⴀ㌀　㌀㘀 簀嘀䤀匀 嘀䤀匀䌀䔀刀䤀匀Ⰰ 一伀一 䘀䔀刀刀伀 䘀䔀刀吀唀刀 ⠀吀⸀ 䐀漀漀洀⤀簀ഊ\---------------------------------------------------------------/ ਀ഊ ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 䔀氀洀愀爀 嘀漀最琀 ⠀㠀⼀㈀㠀⼀㤀㌀⤀ഊTo: Mark Harris ਀刀䔀㸀䄀渀最氀漀ⴀ一漀爀洀愀渀 䜀愀爀戀 儀甀攀猀琀ഊ ਀⸀⸀⸀ 愀渀搀 䜀爀攀攀琀椀渀最猀 琀漀 琀栀攀攀Ⰰ 匀琀攀昀愀渀℀ഊ ਀⼀⨀ 䄀渀礀眀愀礀Ⰰ 琀栀愀渀欀猀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 瀀椀挀琀甀爀攀⸀ 䤀✀洀 渀漀琀 猀甀爀攀 䤀 栀愀瘀攀 愀渀礀琀栀椀渀最 攀氀猀攀 琀栀愀琀ഊ/* shows hosen that well. But one of the most interesting details for me ਀⼀⨀ 眀愀猀 琀栀攀 猀眀漀爀搀 戀攀氀琀 愀渀搀 栀愀渀最攀爀⸀ 刀椀最栀琀 渀漀眀Ⰰ 䤀 栀愀瘀攀 洀愀礀 猀挀愀戀戀漀爀搀 栀愀渀最椀渀最ഊ/* like a dagger from a single loop. I had looked at more complex ਀⼀⨀ 愀爀爀愀渀最攀洀攀渀琀猀Ⰰ 戀甀琀 琀栀攀礀 眀攀爀攀 愀氀氀 洀甀挀栀 氀愀琀攀爀 琀栀愀渀 ㄀㄀㔀　⸀ 匀漀 䤀 琀栀椀渀欀 琀栀椀猀ഊ/* illustration may be just what I am looking for. I assume from the ਀⼀⨀ 瀀椀挀琀甀爀攀 琀栀愀琀 椀琀 椀猀 漀渀攀 戀攀氀琀 氀漀漀瀀攀搀 愀爀漀甀渀搀 琀眀椀挀攀Ⰰ 爀愀琀栀攀爀 琀栀愀渀 琀眀漀ഊ/* seperate belts. This would allow adjustment by the buckle on the top ਀⼀⨀ 猀攀挀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 琀栀攀 戀攀氀琀⸀ഊ ਀一漀琀 焀甀椀琀攀⸀ 伀渀攀 猀椀渀最氀攀 戀攀氀琀 氀漀漀瀀攀搀 琀眀椀挀攀 眀漀甀氀搀 ⴀ挀漀渀猀椀搀攀爀椀渀最 愀 栀攀愀瘀礀ഊsword to be carried- result in a very tight upper loop and a low ਀栀愀渀最椀渀最 氀漀眀攀爀 氀漀漀瀀⸀ഊThe great book by Liliane and Fred Funcken _Historische Waffen und ਀刀甀攀猀琀甀渀最攀渀开 ⠀䠀椀猀琀漀爀椀挀愀氀 眀攀愀瀀漀渀猀 愀渀搀 愀爀洀漀甀爀猀ⴀ 栀椀最栀氀礀 爀攀挀漀洀洀攀渀搀攀搀ഊreading if you can find an English issue!) shows several ਀愀爀爀愀渀最攀洀攀渀琀猀⸀ ⠀䤀✀氀氀 猀攀攀 眀栀攀琀栀攀爀 䤀 挀愀渀 猀挀愀渀 漀渀攀 漀爀 琀眀漀 漀昀 琀栀攀洀 昀漀爀ഊyou.) Essentially they are all consisting of two belts, a upper one, ਀挀漀洀瀀愀爀愀琀椀瘀攀氀礀 渀愀爀爀漀眀Ⰰ 眀栀漀猀攀 氀攀渀最琀栀 椀猀 瘀愀爀椀攀搀 琀漀 愀挀挀漀洀洀漀搀愀琀攀 礀漀甀爀ഊwaist. This one carries the weight of the assembly. ਀吀栀攀 氀漀眀攀爀 漀渀攀 椀猀 戀爀漀愀搀攀爀 愀渀搀 洀漀爀攀 爀椀挀栀氀礀 攀洀戀爀漀椀搀攀爀攀搀⸀ 䤀琀猀 氀攀渀最琀栀 椀猀ഊadapted according to the length of the sword or the height of the ਀栀愀渀搀氀攀 礀漀甀 眀椀猀栀Ⰰ 爀攀猀瀀攀挀琀椀瘀攀氀礀⸀ഊBoth are connected at one point at the left hip (provided you're ਀爀椀最栀琀ⴀ栀愀渀搀攀搀Ⰰ 愀猀 䤀 愀洀 渀漀琀⸀⸀⸀⤀⸀ 吀栀椀猀 洀愀欀攀猀 椀琀 氀漀漀欀 氀椀欀攀ⴀഊ ਀    簀 戀攀氀氀礀簀ഊ | | ਀    漀㴀㴀㴀堀㴀㴀簀ഊ |\ \ | ਀    簀  尀堀尀 簀 愀琀 ഊ | | \ \ at ਀    簀  簀簀  尀唀ഊ | || |U ਀ഊ"X" marks the two separate buckles, " at at UU" marks the sword. "o" is ਀琀栀攀 氀椀渀欀 漀昀 琀栀攀 琀眀漀 戀攀氀琀猀⸀ഊ ਀䰀漀漀欀椀渀最 昀漀爀眀愀爀搀 琀漀 栀攀愀爀椀渀最 昀爀漀洀 礀漀甀 愀最愀椀渀Ⰰ 䤀 爀攀洀愀椀渀 礀漀甀爀 猀攀爀瘀愀渀琀Ⰰഊ ਀    䄀最椀氀洀愀爀 䴀愀爀琀攀氀氀 瘀漀渀 匀攀瘀攀氀椀渀最攀渀ഊ/---------------------------------------------------------------\ ਀簀䔀氀洀愀爀 嘀漀最琀⼀䄀戀琀⸀ 䔀砀瀀⸀ 倀栀礀猀椀欀⼀唀渀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀 漀昀 唀氀洀⼀㠀㤀　㘀㤀 唀氀洀⼀䜀攀爀洀愀渀礀簀ഊ|Elmar.Vogt at physik.uni-ulm.de|vogt at sunrise.e-technik.uni-ulm.de | ਀簀倀栀漀渀攀㨀嬀　　崀㐀㤀⬀㜀㌀㄀ⴀ㌀　㈀㘀  开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开开簀ഊ|Fax: -3036 |VIS VISCERIS, NON FERRO FERTUR (T. Doom)| ਀尀ⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀ⼀ഊ ਀ഊFrom: jkubenka at sun.cis.smu.EDU (Jennifer Kubenka) ਀一攀眀猀最爀漀甀瀀猀㨀 爀攀挀⸀漀爀最⸀猀挀愀ഊSubject: New book about Normans ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 ㄀㄀ 䄀瀀爀 ㄀㤀㤀㔀 ㄀㔀㨀㈀㠀㨀㈀㐀 ⴀ　㐀　　ഊ ਀䜀漀漀搀 搀愀礀Ⰰ 爀攀愀搀攀爀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 刀椀愀氀琀漀Ⰰഊ ਀吀漀搀愀礀 䤀 爀愀渀 愀挀爀漀猀猀 愀 渀攀眀 戀漀漀欀 ⠀眀攀氀氀Ⰰ ㄀㤀㤀㐀⤀ 琀栀愀琀 洀椀最栀琀 戀攀 漀昀 椀渀琀攀爀攀猀琀 琀漀 ഊmany of you: ਀ഊI Normanni : Popolo d'Europa, 1030-1200. Venezia: Marsilio, c1994. ISBN ਀㠀㠀㌀㄀㜀㔀㠀㔀㔀㄀⸀ഊ ਀吀栀椀猀 洀漀渀漀最爀愀瀀栀 眀愀猀 瀀甀戀氀椀猀栀攀搀 琀漀 愀挀挀漀洀瀀愀渀礀 愀渀 攀砀栀椀戀椀琀椀漀渀 栀攀氀搀 䨀愀渀⸀ ㈀㤀ⴀ䄀瀀爀⸀ ഊ30 at the Palazzo Venezia in Rome. There are lots of pictures, close-ups ਀漀昀 樀攀眀攀氀爀礀Ⰰ 愀爀琀椀昀愀挀琀猀Ⰰ 攀洀戀爀漀椀搀攀爀礀⸀⸀⸀ഊ ਀䤀 挀愀渀✀琀 瘀漀甀挀栀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 爀攀氀椀愀戀椀氀椀琀礀 漀昀 琀栀攀 琀攀砀琀Ⰰ 愀猀 椀琀 椀猀 椀渀 䤀琀愀氀椀愀渀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 䤀 ഊdon't have time to translate it in detail, but it looks interesting. 590 ਀瀀愀最攀猀 眀漀爀琀栀 漀昀 椀渀琀攀爀攀猀琀椀渀最⸀⸀⸀ഊ ਀䔀洀栀攀爀 渀椀 䴀愀椀氀氀攀ഊBarony of Elfsea ਀䬀椀渀最搀漀洀 漀昀 䄀渀猀琀攀漀爀爀愀ഊ ਀ഊNewsgroups: rec.org.sca ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 搀戀甀氀氀愀爀搀 愀琀 椀瘀漀爀礀⸀琀爀攀渀琀甀⸀挀愀ഊSubject: Re: Norman Fighting Units ਀伀爀最愀渀椀稀愀琀椀漀渀㨀 吀爀攀渀琀 唀渀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀Ⰰ 倀攀琀攀爀戀漀爀漀甀最栀ഊDate: Mon, 2 Oct 1995 12:51:13 GMT ਀ഊIn article <44mjvk$fbf at newsbf02.news.aol.com>, allyekat at aol.com (Allye Kat) writes: ਀㸀䤀 眀愀猀 眀愀琀挀栀椀渀最 ∀䄀渀挀椀攀渀琀 圀愀爀爀椀漀爀猀∀ 漀渀 琀栀攀 䐀椀猀挀漀瘀攀爀礀 挀栀愀渀渀攀氀 琀栀椀猀 眀攀攀欀 愀渀搀ഊ>thet referred to a Norman fighting unit called, now here's my problem, a ਀㸀∀䌀漀渀漀椀爀∀㼀㼀ഊ>I've been asking around but nobody seems to know the spelling. I'd had on ਀㸀猀甀最最攀猀琀椀漀渀 琀栀愀琀 椀琀 洀愀礀戀攀 ∀䌀漀渀爀漀礀∀⸀ 䐀漀攀猀 愀渀礀漀渀攀 栀愀瘀攀 愀渀礀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 漀渀 ഊ>A) The correct spelling ਀㸀䈀⤀ 圀栀攀爀攀 䤀 挀愀渀 䘀椀渀搀 漀甀琀 洀漀爀攀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 漀渀 琀栀椀猀ഊ> ਀㸀  䄀氀椀砀 搀攀 䈀攀愀甀洀漀渀琀ഊ> Calafia, Caid ਀ഊThe term is spelt conroy, or conrois. According to Verbruggen, Warfare in ਀圀攀猀琀攀爀渀 攀甀爀漀瀀攀 椀渀 琀栀攀 䴀椀搀搀氀攀 䄀最攀猀Ⰰ 一漀爀琀栀 䠀漀氀氀愀渀搀 倀甀戀氀椀猀栀椀渀最 䠀漀甀猀攀Ⰰ ㄀㤀㜀㤀Ⰰ 琀栀攀ഊstrength of the conrois varied according to the power of the liege lord. The ਀渀甀洀戀攀爀猀 猀攀攀洀 琀瀀漀 戀攀 戀攀琀眀攀攀渀 ㄀㈀ 愀渀搀 ㈀㐀 欀渀椀最栀琀猀⸀ഊVladimir Blahuciak ਀ഊ ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 　　洀樀猀琀甀洀 愀琀 戀猀甀瘀挀⸀戀猀甀⸀攀搀甀 ⠀㄀　⼀㄀㌀⼀㤀㔀⤀ഊTo: sca-www at andrew.cmu.edu, sca-middle at dnaco.net ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 一漀爀洀愀渀 䤀渀瘀愀琀椀漀渀 圀圀圀 瀀愀最攀ഊ ਀吀栀漀甀最栀琀 猀漀洀攀 漀昀 礀漀甀 昀漀氀欀猀 漀甀琀 琀栀攀爀攀 洀椀最栀琀 戀攀 椀渀琀攀爀攀猀琀攀搀 椀渀 琀栀椀猀⸀⸀⸀ഊ ਀㸀吀栀愀渀欀 礀漀甀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 洀愀椀氀⸀ 夀漀甀 挀愀渀 爀攀愀搀 洀礀 䤀渀瘀愀猀椀漀渀 瀀愀最攀猀 匀攀挀爀攀琀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 ഊ>Norman Invasion on "http://www.cablenet.net/pages/book/index.htm" ਀㸀䤀 愀洀 氀漀漀欀椀渀最 昀漀爀 愀 唀匀䄀 洀椀爀爀漀爀 猀椀琀攀 愀渀搀 眀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 最爀愀琀攀昀甀氀 椀昀 愀渀礀漀渀攀 ഊ>there is interested. ਀㸀ഊ>Nick at cablenet.net ਀㸀一椀挀欀 䄀甀猀琀椀渀ഊ ਀䜀眀礀搀椀漀渀ഊ ਀ഊFrom: "Joe Pinegar" ਀一攀眀猀最爀漀甀瀀猀㨀 爀攀挀⸀漀爀最⸀猀挀愀ഊSubject: Re: Early Normandy c912-960. ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 㐀 䨀甀渀 ㄀㤀㤀㜀 ㄀㈀㨀㐀㠀㨀　㌀ 䜀䴀吀ഊOrganization: Hoechst Marion Roussel ਀ഊDain <9608721p at student.gla.ac.uk> wrote: ਀㸀 攀欀 愀琀 稀椀愀渀攀琀⸀挀漀洀 猀愀礀猀⸀⸀⸀ഊ> >Does anyone know where I can find info about early Normandy? ਀ഊ> There is a good book called Living in the tenth ਀㸀 挀攀渀琀甀爀礀Ⰰ 爀攀最愀爀搀椀渀最 琀栀攀 攀渀搀 漀昀 琀栀攀 䌀愀爀漀氀椀渀最椀愀渀猀⸀ ഊ> Provost Dain auf Schwarzhabichte ਀ഊYou might also try "Death and Life in the Tenth Century" by Eleanor Shipley ਀䐀甀挀欀攀琀琀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 ∀吀栀攀 一漀爀洀愀渀猀 椀渀 䔀甀爀漀瀀攀愀渀 䠀椀猀琀漀爀礀∀ 戀礀 䌀栀愀爀氀攀猀 䠀漀洀攀爀 栀愀猀欀椀渀猀⸀ ഊThese are both probably a little dated, but are still pretty good. ਀ഊElina ਀ഊ ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 ∀䠀愀爀漀氀搀 䐀 匀栀攀爀洀愀渀∀ 㰀䠀䄀䰀䘀刀䔀䐀 愀琀 瀀爀漀搀椀最礀⸀渀攀琀㸀ഊNewsgroups: rec.org.sca ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 刀攀㨀 一漀爀洀愀渀 眀攀戀 瀀愀最攀℀ഊDate: 26 Aug 1997 02:24:05 GMT ਀ഊM'lord may wish to contact the Milites Normannorum at: ਀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀挀礀挀氀漀渀攀⸀挀猀⸀挀氀攀洀猀漀渀⸀攀搀甀⼀縀琀爀愀瘀攀氀攀爀⼀䴀椀氀椀琀攀猀⼀洀椀氀椀琀攀猀⸀栀琀洀氀ഊ ਀䄀挀挀漀爀搀椀渀最 琀漀 琀栀攀椀爀 洀愀琀攀爀椀愀氀Ⰰ 琀栀攀礀 愀爀攀 愀 一漀爀洀愀渀 爀攀攀渀愀挀琀洀攀渀琀 最爀漀甀瀀 礀漀甀 洀愀礀 戀攀ഊinterested in. ਀ഊAlfred Halfdane, obviously not a Norman :) ਀ഊ ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 洀椀琀琀氀攀 愀琀 瀀愀渀椀砀⸀挀漀洀 ⠀䄀爀瘀愀氀 搀✀䔀猀瀀愀猀 一漀爀搀⤀ഊNewsgroups: rec.org.sca ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 刀攀㨀 一漀爀洀愀渀 倀攀爀猀漀渀愀ഊDate: 11 May 1998 14:14:22 -0400 ਀伀爀最愀渀椀稀愀琀椀漀渀㨀 倀䄀一䤀堀 倀甀戀氀椀挀 䄀挀挀攀猀猀 䤀渀琀攀爀渀攀琀 愀渀搀 唀渀椀砀Ⰰ 一夀䌀ഊ ਀㸀 一漀爀洀愀渀猀 挀漀洀攀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 挀漀愀猀琀 漀昀 䘀爀愀渀挀攀Ⰰ 一漀爀洀愀渀搀礀⸀  䤀 搀漀渀✀琀 琀栀椀渀欀 琀栀攀爀攀 眀攀爀攀ഊ> any Norman Sicilians. ਀ഊSicily was conquered by Norman adventurers in the 11th century. The ਀䈀爀椀琀愀渀渀椀挀愀 伀渀ⴀ氀椀渀攀 猀愀礀猀㨀ഊ ਀ 吀栀爀攀攀 䠀愀甀琀攀瘀椀氀氀攀 戀爀漀琀栀攀爀猀ⴀⴀ 圀椀氀氀椀愀洀Ⰰ 䐀爀漀最漀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 䠀甀洀瀀栀爀攀礀ⴀⴀ眀攀爀攀 愀洀漀渀最 琀栀攀ഊ Norman knights who flocked to southern Italy in the early 11th century. ਀ 吀栀攀 猀漀渀猀 漀昀 愀 洀椀渀漀爀 一漀爀洀愀渀 氀漀爀搀Ⰰ 吀愀渀挀爀攀搀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 琀栀爀攀攀 猀攀琀琀氀攀搀 椀渀 猀漀甀琀栀攀爀渀ഊ Italy and Sicily, which were at that time a patchwork of warring towns and ਀ 瀀爀椀渀挀椀瀀愀氀椀琀椀攀猀⸀  匀攀爀瘀椀渀最 愀琀 昀椀爀猀琀 愀猀 洀攀爀挀攀渀愀爀椀攀猀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 戀爀漀琀栀攀爀猀 猀漀漀渀 戀攀最愀渀ഊ to seize lands for themselves. They also recruited more knights for their ਀ 眀愀爀猀 愀渀搀 挀愀洀瀀愀椀最渀猀 漀昀 瀀氀甀渀搀攀爀⸀ 䤀渀 ㄀　㐀㄀ 愀 一漀爀洀愀渀ⴀ䰀漀洀戀愀爀搀 昀漀爀挀攀 搀攀昀攀愀琀攀搀 愀ഊ Byzantine army near Melfi. In a still greater challenge, Pope Leo IX led a ਀ 挀漀洀戀椀渀攀搀 昀漀爀挀攀 漀昀 氀漀挀愀氀 氀攀瘀椀攀猀Ⰰ 䜀攀爀洀愀渀猀 ⠀䰀漀洀戀愀爀搀猀⤀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 漀琀栀攀爀猀 愀最愀椀渀猀琀 琀栀攀ഊ Normans at Civitate in 1053. The Normans again scored an impressive ਀ 瘀椀挀琀漀爀礀⸀ 䄀 䠀愀甀琀攀瘀椀氀氀攀Ⰰ 刀漀戀攀爀琀 䜀甀椀猀挀愀爀搀 ⠀挀⸀ ㄀　㄀㔀ⴀ㠀㔀⤀Ⰰ 愀 礀漀甀渀最攀爀 栀愀氀昀ഊ brother of the earlier Hautevilles, distinguished himself and became a ਀ 氀攀愀搀攀爀 椀渀 琀栀攀 一漀爀洀愀渀 挀漀渀焀甀攀猀琀猀⸀ 䜀爀愀搀甀愀氀氀礀 戀甀琀 洀攀琀栀漀搀椀挀愀氀氀礀Ⰰ 栀攀 搀爀漀瘀攀 琀栀攀ഊ Byzantine forces from southern Italy. He made peace with Pope Nicholas II ਀ 椀渀 ㄀　㔀㤀⸀  刀漀戀攀爀琀 愀渀搀 栀椀猀 戀爀漀琀栀攀爀Ⰰ 刀漀最攀爀 ⠀㄀　㌀㄀ⴀ㄀㄀　㄀⤀Ⰰ 琀栀攀渀 椀渀瘀愀搀攀搀ഊ Muslim-held Sicily. Roger became Roger I, ruler of Sicily. The Norman ਀ 挀漀渀焀甀攀猀琀猀 挀漀渀琀椀渀甀攀搀 甀渀琀椀氀Ⰰ 眀椀琀栀 琀栀攀 昀愀氀氀 漀昀 䈀愀爀椀 椀渀 ㄀　㜀㄀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 氀愀猀琀ഊ Byzantine forces had been driven from the Italian boot. Palermo in Sicily, ਀ 眀椀琀栀 椀琀猀 最爀攀愀琀 瀀漀爀琀Ⰰ 昀攀氀氀 椀渀 ㄀　㜀㈀⸀ 䄀琀 漀渀攀 琀椀洀攀 琀栀攀 一漀爀洀愀渀猀 愀琀琀愀挀欀攀搀 琀栀攀ഊ Byzantine Empire itself but had to withdraw because of revolts in Italy. ਀ 匀琀椀氀氀 愀氀氀椀攀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 瀀愀瀀愀挀礀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 一漀爀洀愀渀 欀渀椀最栀琀猀 戀攀挀愀洀攀 挀爀甀猀愀搀攀爀猀 椀渀 琀栀攀ഊ closing years of the 11th century. Tancred (c. 1075-1112), a Hauteville, ਀ 樀漀椀渀攀搀 琀栀攀 䘀椀爀猀琀 䌀爀甀猀愀搀攀 椀渀 ㄀　㤀㘀 愀渀搀 最愀椀渀攀搀 昀愀洀攀 愀猀 愀 洀椀氀椀琀愀爀礀 氀攀愀搀攀爀⸀ 䈀礀ഊ 1154 Roger II (1095-1154), the youngest living son of Roger I, had ਀ 攀砀琀攀渀搀攀搀 栀椀猀 欀椀渀最搀漀洀 琀栀爀漀甀最栀漀甀琀 愀氀氀 漀昀 猀漀甀琀栀攀爀渀 䤀琀愀氀礀 愀渀搀 匀椀挀椀氀礀 愀渀搀 椀渀琀漀ഊ Greece, had taken control of part of North Africa, and had made his court ਀ 愀琀 倀愀氀攀爀洀漀 愀渀 椀洀瀀漀爀琀愀渀琀 挀攀渀琀爀攀 漀昀 氀攀愀爀渀椀渀最 愀渀搀 挀甀氀琀甀爀攀⸀ 唀渀搀攀爀 氀愀琀攀爀ഊ rulers, the Hauteville dynasty gradually faded. In 1194 King Henry VI of ਀ 䜀攀爀洀愀渀礀 椀渀瘀愀搀攀搀 匀椀挀椀氀礀⸀ 吀愀欀椀渀最 挀漀洀瀀氀攀琀攀 挀漀渀琀爀漀氀 漀昀 琀栀攀 一漀爀洀愀渀 欀椀渀最搀漀洀Ⰰഊ Henry put German officials into key administrative posts. ਀ഊ "Hauteville, HOUSE OF" Britannica Online. ਀   㰀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀攀戀⸀挀漀洀㨀㄀㠀　⼀挀最椀ⴀ戀椀渀⼀最㼀䐀漀挀䘀㴀洀椀挀爀漀⼀㈀㘀㈀⼀㈀㈀⸀栀琀洀氀㸀 ഊ [Accessed 11 May 1998]. ਀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀㴀ഊArval d'Espas Nord mittle at panix.com ਀ഊ ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 䄀渀搀爀攀眀 吀礀攀 㰀愀琀礀攀 愀琀 攀昀渀⸀漀爀最㸀ഊNewsgroups: rec.org.sca ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 刀攀㨀 一漀爀洀愀渀 倀攀爀猀漀渀愀ഊDate: Mon, 11 May 1998 14:59:43 -0700 ਀伀爀最愀渀椀稀愀琀椀漀渀㨀 伀爀攀最漀渀 倀甀戀氀椀挀 一攀琀眀漀爀欀椀渀最ഊ ਀伀渀 䴀漀渀Ⰰ ㄀㄀ 䴀愀礀 ㄀㤀㤀㠀Ⰰ 䰀愀爀爀礀 䨀漀栀渀猀漀渀 眀爀漀琀攀㨀ഊ> Elijah Morning Star Elder wrote: ਀㸀 ഊ> > I was thinking of trying a Norman Persona for a return to the Society. ਀㸀 㸀 䐀漀攀猀 愀渀礀漀渀攀 欀渀漀眀 愀渀礀琀栀椀渀最 愀戀漀甀琀 漀爀 愀渀礀 最漀漀搀 猀漀甀爀挀攀猀 昀漀爀 匀椀挀椀氀椀愀渀 一漀爀洀愀渀猀ഊ> > Circa 1066? I mainly am interested in naming practices and Normanized ਀㸀 㸀 匀椀挀椀氀椀愀渀 瀀氀愀挀攀渀愀洀攀猀⸀ഊ> > ਀㸀 㸀 ⴀ攀攀ഊ> ਀㸀   一漀爀洀愀渀猀 挀漀洀攀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀 挀漀愀猀琀 漀昀 䘀爀愀渀挀攀Ⰰ 一漀爀洀愀渀搀礀⸀  䤀 搀漀渀✀琀 琀栀椀渀欀 琀栀攀爀攀 眀攀爀攀ഊ> any Norman Sicilians. Norman is a contraction of Norsemen, and are ਀⠀猀渀椀瀀瀀愀最攀⤀ഊ ਀䤀瘀愀爀 栀攀爀攀Ⰰഊ ਀䄀 爀攀愀猀漀渀愀戀氀攀 樀甀洀瀀椀渀最ⴀ漀昀昀 瀀漀椀渀琀 昀漀爀 氀漀漀欀椀渀最 椀渀琀漀 琀栀攀 栀椀猀琀漀爀礀 漀昀 一漀爀洀愀渀ഊSicily would be David Nicolle's short book entitled _The Normans_. This ਀椀猀 ⌀㤀 椀渀 伀猀瀀爀攀礀 倀甀戀氀椀挀愀琀椀漀渀猀✀ 䔀氀椀琀攀 猀攀爀椀攀猀⸀  ⠀一漀琀攀 琀漀 䴀爀⸀ 䔀氀搀攀爀㨀  䌀栀攀挀欀 愀琀ഊEugene Toy & Hobby downtown on E. 11th.) ਀ഊThe book is a decent capsule history of the Normans beginning with their ਀攀猀琀愀戀氀椀猀栀洀攀渀琀 椀渀 一漀爀洀愀渀搀礀㬀 挀漀渀琀椀渀甀椀渀最 琀栀爀漀甀最栀 琀栀攀椀爀 挀漀渀焀甀攀猀琀 愀渀搀⼀漀爀ഊsettlement into England, Scotland, Wales, and Ireland; and spends the bulk ਀漀昀 椀琀猀 爀攀洀愀椀渀搀攀爀 搀攀猀挀爀椀戀椀渀最 琀栀攀椀爀 愀搀瘀攀渀琀甀爀攀猀 椀渀 䤀琀愀氀礀Ⰰ 匀椀挀椀氀礀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 吀栀攀ഊLevant. (This is not too suprising as Dr. Nicolle is a Mediterranianist.) ਀ഊAccording to the chapter on Italy and Sicily, Norman mercenaries began ਀猀栀漀眀椀渀最 甀瀀 椀渀 䤀琀愀氀礀 椀渀 ㄀　㄀㜀 戀甀琀 椀琀 眀愀猀渀✀琀 甀渀琀椀氀 ㄀　㐀㄀ 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀礀 戀攀最愀渀ഊconquering territory in their own right under Robert Guiscard. By 1071, ਀一漀爀洀愀渀猀 挀漀渀琀爀漀氀氀攀搀 洀漀猀琀 漀昀 琀栀攀 猀漀甀琀栀攀爀渀 䤀琀愀氀椀愀渀 瀀攀渀椀渀猀甀氀愀 愀渀搀 攀昀昀攀挀琀椀瘀氀礀ഊended Byzantine Greek rule there. ਀ ഊThe Norman invasion of Sicily began in 1080 and was completed in 1091. ਀一漀爀洀愀渀 匀椀挀椀氀礀 眀愀猀 甀渀椀昀椀攀搀 愀猀 愀 猀椀渀最氀攀 猀琀愀琀攀 椀渀 ㄀㄀㈀㜀 愀渀搀 戀攀挀愀洀攀 愀ഊrecognized kingdom in 1030. After this, the Mediterranian Norman States ਀戀攀最愀渀 琀漀 琀愀欀攀 愀 洀漀爀攀 愀挀琀椀瘀攀 瀀愀爀琀 椀渀 愀昀昀愀椀爀猀 琀栀爀漀甀最栀漀甀琀 琀栀攀 䴀攀搀⸀ 愀渀搀 琀栀攀ഊMiddle East. ਀ഊI hope this is of some help. Dr. Nicolles provides a bibliography that ਀洀椀最栀琀 氀攀愀搀 礀漀甀 琀漀 洀漀爀攀 搀攀琀愀椀氀攀搀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 爀攀最愀爀搀椀渀最 匀椀挀椀氀椀愀渀 一漀爀洀愀渀ഊplace names and naming practices. ਀ഊIvar Hakonarson ਀䄀搀椀愀渀琀甀洀Ⰰ 䄀渀 吀椀爀⸀ഊ ਀ഊFrom: lebatarde at aol.com (LeBatarde) ਀一攀眀猀最爀漀甀瀀猀㨀 爀攀挀⸀漀爀最⸀猀挀愀ഊSubject: Re: Norman Persona ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 ㄀㈀ 䴀愀礀 ㄀㤀㤀㠀 ㄀㄀㨀㐀　㨀㌀㜀 䜀䴀吀ഊ ਀洀椀琀琀氀攀 愀琀 瀀愀渀椀砀⸀挀漀洀 ⠀䄀爀瘀愀氀 搀✀䔀猀瀀愀猀 一漀爀搀⤀ 眀爀椀琀攀猀㨀ഊ>> Normans come from the coast of France, Normandy. I don't think there were ਀㸀㸀 愀渀礀 一漀爀洀愀渀 匀椀挀椀氀椀愀渀猀⸀  ഊ> ਀㸀匀椀挀椀氀礀 眀愀猀 挀漀渀焀甀攀爀攀搀 戀礀 一漀爀洀愀渀 愀搀瘀攀渀琀甀爀攀爀猀 椀渀 琀栀攀 ㄀㄀琀栀 挀攀渀琀甀爀礀⸀ഊ ਀䤀昀 䤀 洀愀礀 猀甀最最攀猀琀Ⰰ 最攀琀 愀 挀漀瀀礀 漀昀 吀栀攀 伀琀栀攀爀 䌀漀渀焀甀攀猀琀Ⰰ 戀礀 䨀漀栀渀 䨀甀氀椀甀猀 一漀爀眀椀挀栀Ⰰ ഊPublished by Harper & Row. 1967. Library of Congress Catalog Card #67-22506. ਀ഊIt was also published in England under the title The Normans in the South ਀㄀　㄀㘀ⴀ㄀㄀㌀　⸀ഊ ਀䤀 琀栀椀渀欀 礀漀甀 眀椀氀氀 昀椀渀搀 琀栀椀猀 愀渀 攀砀挀攀氀氀攀渀琀 猀漀甀爀挀攀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 愀 最爀攀愀琀 瀀氀愀挀攀 琀漀 猀琀愀爀琀⸀ ഊ ਀  樀攀栀愀渀ഊ ਀ഊFrom: "Steven Maynard" ਀吀漀㨀 㰀猀琀攀昀愀渀 愀琀 琀攀砀愀猀⸀渀攀琀㸀ഊSubject: The Normans ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 吀甀攀Ⰰ 㐀 䨀愀渀 ㈀　　　 ㈀　㨀㌀㄀㨀㔀㤀 ⬀㄀　　　ഊ ਀䜀爀攀攀琀椀渀最猀 洀礀 氀漀爀搀 匀琀攀昀愀渀Ⰰഊ ਀     䤀✀洀 渀漀琀 猀甀爀攀 戀甀琀 䤀 琀栀椀渀欀 椀琀 眀愀猀 礀漀甀ഊwho replied to my request about information on the Normans to Rialto asking ਀琀栀愀琀 椀昀 䤀 挀愀洀攀 愀挀爀漀猀猀 愀渀礀 琀漀 氀攀琀 礀漀甀 欀渀漀眀 眀攀氀氀 䤀 昀漀甀渀搀 琀栀椀猀 最爀攀愀琀 戀漀漀欀 愀氀氀ഊabout the history of the Normans in Sicily. It's called "The Normans in ਀匀椀挀椀氀礀∀ 戀礀 䨀漀栀渀 䨀甀氀椀甀猀 一漀爀眀椀挀栀⸀ 䤀琀✀猀 瀀甀戀氀椀猀栀攀搀 椀渀 倀攀最甀椀渀 倀愀瀀攀爀戀愀挀欀⸀ 䤀匀䈀一ഊ0-14-015212-1. It's a very coprehensive history of the Sicilian Kingdom and ਀最椀瘀攀猀 愀 最爀攀愀琀 椀渀猀椀最栀琀 椀渀琀漀 琀栀攀 一漀爀洀愀渀猀⸀ഊ ਀圀椀甀氀氀椀愀洀 䌀愀猀琀椀氀氀攀ഊMKA Steve Maynard. ਀ഊ ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 挀栀椀洀攀爀椀挀愀氀最椀爀氀 愀琀 栀漀洀攀⸀挀漀洀 ⠀匀琀爀愀渀最攀䜀椀爀氀⤀ഊNewsgroups: rec.org.sca ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 刀攀㨀 䈀爀愀椀搀 挀愀猀椀渀最猀ഊDate: Mon, 21 May 2001 19:48:59 GMT ਀ഊ"JE Anderson" shouted over the general babble ਀椀渀 愀 瘀愀椀渀 愀琀琀攀洀瀀琀 琀漀 戀攀 栀攀愀爀搀㨀ഊ ਀㸀䜀爀攀攀琀椀渀最猀Ⰰഊ>Not my area of expertise - but have you checked out extant statuary? ਀㸀䘀甀渀攀爀愀爀礀 猀琀愀琀甀攀猀 愀渀搀 愀爀挀栀椀琀攀挀琀甀爀愀氀 猀琀愀甀攀猀 ⠀挀漀氀甀洀渀猀⤀ 漀昀 琀栀攀 琀椀洀攀 瀀攀爀椀漀搀⸀ 䤀✀洀ഊ>pretty sure I recal seeing braid cases on ladies in that art type. I could ਀㸀戀攀 眀爀漀渀最 琀栀漀甀最栀 ⴀ 樀甀猀琀 愀 琀栀漀甀最栀琀⸀ഊ ਀䄀氀氀 琀栀攀 一漀爀洀愀渀 氀愀搀椀攀猀 䤀 栀愀瘀攀 戀攀攀渀 愀戀氀攀 琀漀 昀椀渀搀 椀渀 猀琀愀琀甀愀爀礀 ⠀愀渀搀 琀栀攀爀攀ഊreally are not that many extant ones, as most statuarey represented ਀洀攀渀 愀渀搀 猀漀洀攀 搀愀琀愀 挀漀洀攀猀 昀爀漀洀 ㈀　　ⴀ礀攀愀爀ⴀ漀氀搀 搀爀愀眀椀渀最猀 漀昀 猀琀愀琀甀愀爀礀 琀栀愀琀ഊhas since been destroyed or otherwise lost and so have to be ਀挀漀渀猀椀搀攀爀攀搀 琀攀爀琀椀愀爀礀 猀漀甀爀挀攀猀⤀ 栀愀瘀攀 漀渀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 琀栀爀攀攀 昀漀氀氀漀眀椀渀最 琀礀瀀攀猀 漀昀ഊheaddress: ਀ഊ1} what appear to be ordinary three-strand braids, sometimes with an ਀愀瀀瀀愀爀攀渀琀 爀椀戀戀漀渀 漀爀 爀椀戀戀漀渀猀 戀爀愀椀搀攀搀 椀渀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀渀 甀猀攀搀 琀漀 戀椀渀搀 琀栀攀 攀渀搀猀⸀ഊSometimes topped with a veil and/or crown. ਀ഊ2} What appears to be a two-strand hairdressing, which is bound into a ਀✀戀爀愀椀搀✀ 戀礀 琀栀攀 甀猀攀 漀昀 愀 爀椀戀戀漀渀Ⰰ 氀攀愀瘀椀渀最 氀愀爀最椀猀栀 瀀漀爀琀椀漀渀猀 ⠀眀栀愀琀 眀漀甀氀搀ഊbe a range form about 2" to less than 1/2" graduated down the length ਀漀昀 琀栀攀 戀爀愀椀搀⤀ 漀昀 栀愀椀爀 猀栀漀眀椀渀最Ⰰ 椀渀 漀渀攀 漀昀 琀眀漀 洀攀琀栀漀搀猀⸀ 匀漀洀攀琀椀洀攀猀 琀漀瀀瀀攀搀ഊwith a veil and/or crown. ਀ഊ Possible method one: two ends of a ribbon which is presumably ਀       氀漀漀瀀攀搀 愀爀漀甀渀搀 琀栀攀 栀愀椀爀 渀攀愀爀 琀栀攀 琀漀瀀 愀渀搀 琀栀攀渀 眀漀瘀攀渀 愀爀漀甀渀搀 琀栀攀 琀眀漀ഊ sections of hair alternately (technically a four-strand braid), ਀       愀渀搀 琀栀攀 氀漀漀猀攀 攀渀搀猀 洀漀爀攀 琀椀最栀琀氀礀 戀漀甀渀搀 漀昀昀 戀礀 眀爀愀瀀瀀椀渀最 戀漀琀栀 攀渀搀猀ഊ around the hair leaving no hair showing and tying somehow or ਀       猀攀眀椀渀最 搀漀眀渀⸀ഊ ਀       倀漀猀猀椀戀氀攀 洀攀琀栀漀搀 琀眀漀㨀 漀渀攀 攀渀搀 漀昀 愀 爀椀戀戀漀渀 眀栀椀挀栀 椀猀 瀀爀攀猀甀洀愀戀氀礀ഊ passed through or around the head somehow and then woven around ਀       琀栀攀 琀眀漀 猀攀挀琀椀漀渀猀 漀昀 栀愀椀爀 愀氀琀攀爀渀愀琀攀氀礀 ⠀琀攀挀栀渀椀挀愀氀氀礀 愀 琀栀爀攀攀ⴀ猀琀爀愀渀搀ഊ braid with a differing visible structure due to the different ਀       瀀爀漀瀀漀爀琀椀漀渀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 瘀愀爀椀漀甀猀 攀氀攀洀攀渀琀猀⤀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 琀栀攀 氀漀漀猀攀 攀渀搀猀 洀漀爀攀ഊ tightly bound off with no hair showing, using the single end of ਀       琀栀攀 爀椀戀戀漀渀 愀渀搀 愀 洀攀琀栀漀搀 猀椀洀椀氀愀爀 琀漀 洀漀搀攀爀渀 栀愀椀爀 眀爀愀瀀猀⸀ഊ ਀䤀 栀愀瘀攀 甀猀攀搀 戀漀琀栀 漀昀 琀栀攀猀攀 洀攀琀栀漀搀猀 眀椀琀栀 猀漀洀攀 猀甀挀挀攀猀猀 琀漀 攀洀甀氀愀琀攀 琀栀攀ഊappearance of the statues' 'two-strand' braids. It is possible that ਀琀栀攀猀攀 愀爀攀 搀攀瀀椀挀琀椀漀渀猀 漀昀 氀愀搀椀攀猀 甀猀椀渀最 昀愀氀猀攀 栀愀椀爀 琀栀愀琀 椀猀 戀漀甀渀搀 漀渀琀漀 琀栀攀ഊhead with ribbons, but there is no way to be certian without building ਀愀 琀椀洀攀ⴀ洀愀挀栀椀渀攀⸀ഊ ਀㌀紀 䰀漀漀猀攀 漀爀 渀漀 瘀椀猀椀戀氀攀 搀攀氀椀戀攀爀愀琀攀 栀愀椀爀 愀爀爀愀渀最攀洀攀渀琀 ⠀栀椀搀搀攀渀 攀砀挀攀瀀琀 昀漀爀ഊhairline at front of head), topped with a veil and/or crown. ਀ഊThis is corroborated by everything I have been able to find in ਀洀愀渀甀猀挀爀椀瀀琀 椀氀氀甀猀琀爀愀琀椀漀渀猀Ⰰ 眀愀氀氀 瀀愀椀渀琀椀渀最猀Ⰰ 琀愀瀀攀猀琀爀礀 愀渀搀 漀琀栀攀爀 琀攀砀琀椀氀攀ഊdepictions. Braid casings would probably have been made, if they ਀攀砀椀猀琀攀搀Ⰰ 漀昀 愀 搀攀挀漀爀愀琀椀瘀攀 昀愀戀爀椀挀 琀栀愀琀 眀漀甀氀搀 栀愀瘀攀 戀攀攀渀 栀愀瀀瀀椀氀礀 搀攀瀀椀挀琀攀搀ഊas such in bright or symbolic colours by the various visual artists. I ਀栀愀瘀攀 渀漀琀 礀攀琀 猀攀攀渀 愀渀礀 椀渀 洀礀 爀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀攀猀 椀渀琀漀 琀栀攀 搀爀攀猀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀 瀀攀爀椀漀搀⸀ഊAlso, I have begun to read up on romantic poetry of the era and have ਀渀漀琀 昀漀甀渀搀 愀渀礀 眀爀椀琀琀攀渀 爀攀昀攀爀攀渀挀攀猀 琀漀 猀甀挀栀 愀挀挀漀甀琀爀攀洀攀渀琀猀 漀昀 搀爀攀猀猀 椀渀 琀栀攀ഊtranslations I have read (not reading Norman French at all and Latin ਀瘀攀爀礀 氀椀琀琀氀攀⤀⸀ഊ ਀圀椀猀栀 䤀 挀漀甀氀搀 猀愀礀 䤀 ⼀栀愀搀⼀ 昀漀甀渀搀 猀漀洀攀琀栀椀渀最Ⰰ 戀甀礀琀 䤀 栀愀瘀攀渀✀琀 㨀⠀ഊ ਀䘀愀氀猀攀 栀愀椀爀 猀攀攀洀猀 琀漀 戀攀 琀栀攀 眀愀礀 琀漀 最漀⸀ഊ ਀䴀愀爀最攀爀礀 䰀愀 䄀ഊ-*-*- Stepford Goth & Rare Human Squeaky Toy -*-*- ਀∀䨀甀猀琀 椀洀愀最椀渀攀 猀攀琀琀椀渀最 琀栀攀洀 漀渀 昀椀爀攀 愀渀搀 眀愀琀挀栀椀渀最 琀栀攀洀ഊrunning around screaming. That's what keeps me going." ਀           笀⨀爀攀瀀氀礀 琀漀 琀栀攀 昀爀漀洀 愀搀搀爀攀猀猀⨀紀ഊ ਀ഊFrom: chimericalgirl at home.com (StrangeGirl) ਀一攀眀猀最爀漀甀瀀猀㨀 爀攀挀⸀漀爀最⸀猀挀愀ഊSubject: Re: Braid casings ਀伀爀最愀渀椀稀愀琀椀漀渀㨀 吀栀攀 䌀漀爀渀攀爀 漀昀 洀礀 䐀攀猀欀ഊDate: Tue, 22 May 2001 17:30:58 GMT ਀ഊmarianneperdomo at netscape.net (Marianne Perdomo Leonor) shouted over ਀琀栀攀 最攀渀攀爀愀氀 戀愀戀戀氀攀 椀渀 愀 瘀愀椀渀 愀琀琀攀洀瀀琀 琀漀 戀攀 栀攀愀爀搀㨀ഊ ਀㸀䤀琀✀猀 渀漀琀 洀礀 愀爀攀愀 漀昀 攀砀瀀攀爀琀椀猀攀 愀琀 愀氀氀 戀甀琀 䤀 眀漀渀搀攀爀 椀昀 猀漀洀攀漀渀攀 最漀琀 ഊ>confused with later styles that did use cases and the re-drawn books ਀㸀樀甀猀琀 瀀攀爀瀀攀琀甀愀琀攀搀 琀栀攀 洀礀琀栀⸀ 䌀攀爀琀愀椀渀氀礀 戀爀愀椀搀 挀愀猀椀渀最猀 愀爀攀 甀猀攀搀 椀渀 ㄀㔀琀栀ഊ>c. Spain (and Italy, too, I think). They are usually white with ਀㸀挀漀渀琀爀愀猀琀椀渀最 爀椀戀戀漀渀猀⸀ഊ ਀匀漀甀渀搀猀 焀甀椀琀攀 氀椀欀攀氀礀⸀ 一漀爀爀椀猀 氀椀欀攀搀 琀漀 挀漀渀昀氀愀琀攀 琀栀椀渀最猀⸀ 伀爀 搀攀瀀攀渀搀ഊheavily on someone else's conflations (Voillet-le-duc...), even when ਀琀栀攀礀 眀攀爀攀 挀漀渀琀爀愀爀礀 琀漀 愀氀氀 氀漀最椀挀⸀ഊ ਀㸀一椀挀攀 猀甀洀洀愀爀礀 漀昀 ㄀㈀琀栀 挀⸀ 栀愀椀爀搀漀✀猀Ⰰ 䈀吀圀℀ 㨀⤀ 吀栀愀渀欀猀℀ഊ ਀夀漀甀 愀爀攀 眀攀氀挀漀洀攀℀ 䤀琀 搀漀攀猀渀✀琀 挀漀瘀攀爀 琀栀攀 琀栀爀攀攀 漀爀 昀漀甀爀 洀愀椀渀 猀琀礀氀攀猀 漀昀ഊveil-wearing, but I imagine you are pretty familiar with those. Here ਀愀爀攀 洀礀 洀愀椀渀 猀漀甀爀挀攀猀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 瀀栀漀琀漀最爀愀瀀栀猀 䤀 猀琀甀搀椀攀搀㨀ഊ ਀匀琀愀琀甀愀爀礀 攀砀愀洀瀀氀攀猀㨀ഊ ਀䌀栀愀爀琀爀攀猀 䌀愀琀栀攀搀爀愀氀Ⰰ 刀漀戀攀爀琀 䈀爀愀渀渀攀爀Ⰰ 攀搀椀琀漀爀⸀ ഊ(Norton Critical Studies in Art History)ISBN 0 393 09851 6 ਀伀甀琀 漀昀 瀀爀椀渀琀Ⰰ 洀礀 挀漀瀀礀 眀愀猀 瀀甀爀挀栀愀猀攀搀 甀猀攀搀⸀ 倀爀漀戀愀戀氀礀 愀瘀愀椀氀愀戀氀攀 椀渀 氀愀爀最攀爀ഊlibraries. ਀渀漀琀攀㨀 吀栀椀猀 椀猀 瀀爀椀洀愀爀椀氀礀  昀漀挀甀猀攀搀 漀渀 䌀栀愀爀琀爀攀猀Ⰰ 戀甀琀 搀漀攀猀 挀漀瘀攀爀 猀漀洀攀 漀昀ഊthe other churches in this style for the purpose of comparison. Since ਀椀琀 氀漀漀欀猀 愀琀 ⼀愀氀氀⼀ 漀昀 琀栀攀 眀漀爀欀猀 椀渀 䌀栀愀爀琀爀攀猀Ⰰ 椀琀 挀漀瘀攀爀猀 琀栀攀 ㄀㈀琀栀 琀栀爀漀甀最栀ഊ14th centuries. ਀ഊSculptors of the West Portals of Chartres Cathedral, Whitney S. ਀匀琀漀搀搀愀爀搀⸀ ⠀愀氀猀漀 瀀甀戀氀椀猀栀攀搀 戀礀 一漀爀琀漀渀⤀ 䤀匀䈀一 　ⴀ㌀㤀㌀ⴀ㌀　　㐀㌀ⴀ㤀ഊAgain, out of print, my copy purchased used. ਀一漀琀攀㨀 吀栀椀猀 昀漀挀甀猀攀猀 漀渀 琀栀攀 猀挀甀氀瀀琀甀爀愀氀 猀琀礀氀攀 愀渀搀 攀爀愀 漀昀 琀栀攀 圀攀猀琀 倀漀爀琀愀氀猀ഊof Chartres and has plates of numerous related carvings, including ਀䴀漀渀昀愀甀挀漀渀✀猀 搀爀愀眀椀渀最猀 漀昀 猀琀愀琀甀愀爀礀 琀栀愀琀 椀猀 渀漀眀 氀漀猀琀 漀昀 戀愀搀氀礀 搀愀洀愀最攀搀⸀ഊSince it is an attempt to track the work of the various scupltors in ਀琀栀椀猀 攀爀愀 戀礀 琀栀攀椀爀 猀琀礀氀攀猀Ⰰ 椀琀 栀愀猀 漀渀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 戀攀猀琀 挀漀洀戀椀渀愀琀椀漀渀猀 漀昀 琀攀砀琀ഊand plates for the purpose of costume research using these works. Some ਀挀漀洀瀀愀爀椀猀漀渀猀 戀攀琀眀攀攀渀 猀琀愀琀甀愀爀礀 愀渀搀 椀氀氀甀洀椀渀愀琀椀漀渀 猀琀礀氀攀猀 愀爀攀 洀愀搀攀 愀渀搀ഊillustrated with examples, which is helpful to us in trying to ਀椀渀琀攀爀瀀爀攀琀 眀栀愀琀✀猀 ⼀爀攀愀氀氀礀⼀ 最漀椀渀最 漀渀 椀渀 戀漀琀栀⸀ഊ ਀䤀氀氀甀洀椀渀愀琀椀漀渀Ⰰ 琀攀砀琀椀氀攀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 漀琀栀攀爀 瘀椀猀甀愀氀 愀爀琀 攀砀愀洀瀀氀攀猀㨀ഊ ਀䐀爀攀猀猀 椀渀 琀栀攀 䴀椀搀搀氀攀 䄀最攀猀Ⰰ 䘀爀愀渀挀椀漀猀攀 倀椀瀀瀀漀渀渀椀攀爀 愀渀搀 倀攀爀爀椀渀攀 䴀愀渀攀⸀ഊ(Yale University Press) hardcover ed, ISBN 0-300-06906-5 ਀一漀琀攀㨀 吀栀椀猀 椀猀 椀渀挀氀甀搀攀搀 戀攀挀愀甀猀攀 椀琀✀猀 琀栀攀 漀渀氀礀戀漀漀欀 䤀 栀愀瘀攀 攀瘀攀爀 猀攀攀渀 愀ഊphoto of the Chelles Reliquary (p 10, fig 3), apparently originally ਀渀漀琀 愀 爀攀氀椀最椀漀甀猀 椀琀攀洀Ⰰ 愀猀 琀栀攀 猀甀戀樀攀挀琀 愀洀琀琀攀爀 椀猀渀✀琀 爀攀氀椀最椀漀甀猀 椀渀 愀渀礀ഊway. It shows a scene of a knight and a lady in a garden(?) he with a ਀栀愀眀欀 愀渀搀 猀栀攀 眀椀琀栀 愀 猀洀愀氀氀 搀漀最 漀爀 挀愀琀 漀渀 愀 氀攀愀猀栀⸀ 吀栀攀 攀洀戀爀漀搀攀爀礀 椀猀ഊcrude, but it does show the lady's braids, which seem to have been ਀挀愀爀攀昀甀氀氀礀 猀琀椀琀挀栀攀搀 琀漀 搀攀瀀椀挀琀 眀爀愀瀀瀀椀渀最猀⸀ 吀栀攀 琀攀砀琀 椀猀 愀氀猀漀 昀愀猀挀椀渀愀琀椀渀最Ⰰഊbut really doesn't seem to have much to offer us in this period. ਀ഊThe Pictorial Arts of the West 800-1200, C.R. Dodwell. ਀⠀夀愀氀攀 唀渀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀 倀爀攀猀猀⤀ 䤀匀䈀一 　ⴀ㌀　　ⴀ　㘀㐀㤀㌀ⴀ㐀ഊNote: A fantastic resource for those of us who work in this period. ਀伀爀最愀渀椀稀攀搀 戀礀 瀀氀愀挀攀Ⰰ 眀椀琀栀 搀愀琀攀猀 最椀瘀攀渀 眀栀攀爀攀 欀渀漀眀渀⸀ 䄀氀氀 欀椀渀搀猀 漀昀 猀漀甀爀挀攀猀ഊnot easily available elsewhere, reproduced beautifully. The only gripe ਀䤀 栀愀瘀攀 椀猀 琀栀愀琀 䤀 眀椀猀栀 琀栀攀爀攀 眀愀猀 猀漀洀攀 眀愀礀 琀漀 栀愀瘀攀 昀甀氀氀猀椀稀攀搀Ⰰ 挀漀氀漀爀ഊimages of all the textiles given, which includes two gorgeous, ਀攀洀戀爀漀椀搀攀爀攀搀 挀氀漀愀欀猀⸀ ഊ ਀䄀氀猀漀Ⰰ 栀甀渀琀 愀爀漀甀渀搀 漀渀 洀甀猀攀甀洀 愀渀搀 甀渀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀 眀攀戀猀椀琀攀猀⸀ 匀漀洀攀琀椀洀攀猀 琀栀攀爀攀ഊare treasures to be found, like student photoessays of Chartres. ਀ഊProbably more than you wanted to know :) ਀ഊMArgery La A. ਀ⴀ⨀ⴀ⨀ⴀ 匀琀攀瀀昀漀爀搀 䜀漀琀栀 ☀ 刀愀爀攀 䠀甀洀愀渀 匀焀甀攀愀欀礀 吀漀礀 ⴀ⨀ⴀ⨀ⴀഊ"Just imagine setting them on fire and watching them ਀爀甀渀渀椀渀最 愀爀漀甀渀搀 猀挀爀攀愀洀椀渀最⸀ 吀栀愀琀✀猀 眀栀愀琀 欀攀攀瀀猀 洀攀 最漀椀渀最⸀∀ഊ {*reply to the from address*} ਀ഊ ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 䘀爀椀Ⰰ ㈀㔀 䨀愀渀 ㈀　　㈀ ㄀㌀㨀㐀　㨀㌀㠀 ⴀ　㔀　　ഊFrom: rmhowe ਀吀漀㨀 ⴀ 䄀琀氀愀渀琀椀愀 㰀愀琀氀愀渀琀椀愀 愀琀 愀琀氀愀渀琀椀愀⸀猀挀愀⸀漀爀最㸀Ⰰഊ - Authenticity List , ਀   ⴀ 刀攀最椀愀 䄀渀最氀漀爀甀洀 ⴀ 一漀爀琀栀 䄀洀攀爀椀挀愀 㰀氀椀猀琀ⴀ爀攀最椀愀ⴀ甀猀 愀琀 渀攀琀眀漀爀搀⸀挀漀洀㸀Ⰰഊ "- SCA-ARTS at listsvr.pca.net" ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 䴀攀搀椀攀瘀愀氀 匀挀甀氀瀀琀甀爀攀 䈀漀漀欀ഊ ਀吀栀椀猀 椀猀 愀 瀀愀爀琀椀挀甀氀愀爀氀礀 洀愀最渀椀昀椀挀攀渀琀 戀漀漀欀 漀渀 洀攀搀椀攀瘀愀氀 猀挀甀氀瀀琀甀爀攀⸀ഊKilpeck church is primarily English Norman Romanesque with lots of ਀愀渀椀洀愀氀 栀攀愀搀猀Ⰰ 攀琀挀⸀ 伀渀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀 洀漀猀琀 戀攀愀甀琀椀昀甀氀氀礀 搀攀琀愀椀氀攀搀 挀栀甀爀挀栀攀猀ഊin England. The book contains more than just Kilpeck though. ਀嘀攀爀礀 甀猀攀昀甀氀 昀漀爀 搀攀琀愀椀氀猀 漀渀 愀氀氀 猀漀爀琀猀 漀昀 椀琀攀洀猀⸀ഊ ਀吀栀攀 䠀攀爀攀昀漀爀搀猀栀椀爀攀 匀挀栀漀漀氀 漀昀 匀挀甀氀瀀琀甀爀攀 愀渀搀 䬀椀氀瀀攀挀欀 䌀栀甀爀挀栀ഊF C Morgan, Illustrated by Photos (lots of them). ਀ഊI got my copy through http://www.abebooks.com/ ਀刀愀渀 洀攀 氀攀猀猀 琀栀愀渀 ␀㄀㔀⸀ 圀攀氀氀 眀漀爀琀栀 椀琀⸀ഊOr try http://www.bookfinder.com/ ਀䤀琀✀猀 愀 昀愀椀爀氀礀 挀甀爀爀攀渀琀 戀漀漀欀 愀渀搀 猀栀漀甀氀搀 戀攀 椀渀 瀀爀椀渀琀⸀ഊ ਀䴀愀最渀甀猀ഊ ਀ഊDate: Fri, 26 Mar 2004 10:19:40 -0500 (EST) ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 㰀樀攀渀渀攀 愀琀 昀椀攀搀氀攀爀昀愀洀椀氀礀⸀渀攀琀㸀ഊSubject: [SCA-AS] Re: [SCALibrarians] Normans in Southern Europe (fwd) ਀吀漀㨀 䤀猀愀戀攀氀 堀椀洀攀渀攀稀 搀攀 䜀愀甀椀挀椀渀 㰀䬀愀礀攀䄀搀愀椀爀 愀琀 愀漀氀⸀挀漀洀㸀ഊCc: Arts and Sciences in the SCA , ਀ऀ䔀䬀开䄀渀匀 愀琀 礀愀栀漀漀最爀漀甀瀀猀⸀挀漀洀ഊ ਀吀栀漀甀最栀琀 琀栀攀猀攀 猀漀甀爀挀攀猀 洀椀最栀琀 戀攀 甀猀攀昀甀氀 琀漀 礀漀甀 愀氀氀ഊ ਀ⴀⴀ 䨀愀搀眀椀最愀 娀愀樀愀挀稀欀漀眀愀Ⰰ 䬀渀漀眀氀攀搀最攀 倀椀欀愀 樀攀渀渀攀 愀琀 昀椀攀搀氀攀爀昀愀洀椀氀礀⸀渀攀琀ഊ ਀ⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀ 䘀漀爀眀愀爀搀攀搀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀 ⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀഊDate: Fri, 26 Mar 2004 10:09:28 EST ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 匀一匀瀀椀攀猀 愀琀 愀漀氀⸀挀漀洀ഊTo: SCALibrarians at topica.com ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 刀攀㨀 嬀匀䌀䄀䰀椀戀爀愀爀椀愀渀猀崀 一漀爀洀愀渀猀 椀渀 匀漀甀琀栀攀爀渀 䔀甀爀漀瀀攀ഊ ਀吀栀攀爀攀 愀爀攀 琀栀爀攀攀 猀漀甀爀挀攀猀 琀栀愀琀 眀椀氀氀 最椀瘀攀 礀漀甀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 愀戀漀甀琀 眀栀愀琀 眀愀猀 戀攀椀渀最ഊworn in the Mediterranean basin during the Middle Ages: ਀ഊBroadhurst, Roland. "The Travels of Ibn Jubayr". New Delhi: Goodword Books, ਀㈀　　㄀⸀ഊThis is a first-hand account of a Spanish Muslim's 12th-century pilgrimage to ਀琀栀攀 䠀漀氀礀 䌀椀琀椀攀猀 漀昀 䤀猀氀愀洀㬀 漀渀 琀栀攀 眀愀礀Ⰰ 栀攀 猀瀀攀渀琀 猀漀洀攀 琀椀洀攀 椀渀 匀椀挀椀氀礀⸀  伀昀ഊinterest to those looking for information on garb at that time is this statement: ਀∀吀栀攀 䌀栀爀椀猀琀椀愀渀 眀漀洀攀渀 漀昀 琀栀椀猀 挀椀琀礀 嬀倀愀氀攀爀洀漀崀 昀漀氀氀漀眀 琀栀攀 昀愀猀栀椀漀渀 漀昀 䴀甀猀氀椀洀ഊwomen, are fluent of speech, wrap their cloaks about them, and are veiled. They to forth on this Feast Day [Christmas] dressed in robes of gold-embroidered ਀猀椀氀欀Ⰰ 眀爀愀瀀瀀攀搀 椀渀 攀氀攀最愀渀琀 挀氀漀愀欀猀Ⰰ 挀漀渀挀攀愀氀攀搀 戀礀 挀漀氀漀甀爀攀搀 瘀攀椀氀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 猀栀漀搀 椀渀 最椀氀琀ഊslippers. Thus they parade to their churches, or (rather) their dens ..., bearing all the adornments of Muslim women, including jewellery, henna on the ਀昀椀渀最攀爀猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 瀀攀爀昀甀洀攀猀⸀∀  瀀瀀⸀ ㌀㐀㤀ⴀ㌀㔀　ഊ ਀䜀漀椀琀攀椀渀Ⰰ 匀⸀䐀⸀  ∀䄀 䴀攀搀椀琀攀爀爀愀渀攀愀渀 匀漀挀椀攀琀礀∀⸀  䈀攀爀欀攀氀攀礀㨀 唀渀椀瘀攀爀猀椀琀礀 漀昀 䌀愀氀椀昀漀爀渀椀愀ഊPress, 1978. ਀吀栀椀猀 椀猀 愀渀 愀洀愀稀椀渀最 㘀ⴀ瘀漀氀甀洀攀 猀攀琀 漀昀 戀漀漀欀猀 琀栀愀琀 最椀瘀攀猀 愀 瘀椀瘀椀搀 瀀椀挀琀甀爀攀 漀昀 琀栀攀ഊJewish communities (and hence, all the communities) of the Arab world in the ਀䴀攀搀椀琀攀爀爀愀渀攀愀渀 戀愀猀椀渀 昀爀漀洀琀栀攀 㤀琀栀 琀漀 琀栀攀 ㄀㌀琀栀 挀攀渀琀甀爀礀 戀愀猀攀搀 漀渀 搀漀挀甀洀攀渀琀猀 昀漀甀渀搀 椀渀ഊthe Cairo Geniza. Of particular note is Volume IV: Daily Life which has ਀洀愀猀猀椀瘀攀 搀攀琀愀椀氀猀 愀戀漀甀琀 挀氀漀琀栀椀渀最Ⰰ 樀攀眀攀氀氀攀爀礀Ⰰ 栀漀洀攀 昀甀爀渀椀猀栀椀渀最猀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 昀漀漀搀⸀  吀栀攀猀攀 猀椀砀 瘀漀氀甀洀攀猀 愀爀攀 椀渀攀砀瀀攀渀猀椀瘀攀氀礀 愀瘀愀椀氀愀戀氀攀 琀栀爀漀甀最栀 漀渀ⴀ氀椀渀攀 戀漀漀欀 猀攀氀氀攀爀猀 氀椀欀攀 匀挀栀漀氀愀爀✀猀 䈀漀漀欀猀栀攀氀昀⸀ഊ ਀∀倀攀琀爀甀猀 搀攀 䔀戀甀氀漀㨀 䰀椀戀攀爀 愀搀 栀漀渀漀爀攀洀 䄀甀最甀猀琀椀 猀椀瘀攀 搀攀 爀攀戀甀猀 匀椀挀甀氀椀猀∀⸀ഊSigmaringen: Jan Thorbecke Verlag, 1994. ਀吀栀椀猀 椀猀 琀栀攀 栀攀愀瘀椀氀礀ⴀ椀氀氀甀洀椀渀愀琀攀搀 洀愀渀甀猀挀爀椀瀀琀 搀漀渀攀 愀琀 琀栀攀 攀渀搀 漀昀 琀栀攀 ㄀㈀琀栀ഊcentury in the royal scriptorium in Palermo. ਀ഊNancy ਀ഊ ਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 吀甀攀Ⰰ ㈀㐀 伀挀琀 ㈀　　㘀 　㘀㨀㐀㐀㨀㐀㜀 ⴀ　㐀　　ഊFrom: Johnna Holloway ਀匀甀戀樀攀挀琀㨀 刀攀㨀 嬀匀挀愀ⴀ挀漀漀欀猀崀 伀爀愀琀椀漀 搀攀 唀琀攀渀猀椀氀椀戀甀猀 眀愀猀 ㄀㈀琀栀 挀攀渀琀甀爀礀ഊTo: Cooks within the SCA ਀ഊ> Now, speaking of the 12th century (1100-1200): has anybody seen 'De ਀㸀 甀琀攀渀猀椀氀椀戀甀猀 愀搀 搀漀洀甀洀 爀攀最攀渀搀愀洀 瀀攀爀琀椀渀攀渀琀椀戀甀猀✀ 漀昀 䄀搀愀洀 搀甀 倀攀琀椀琀 倀漀渀琀⼀  ഊ> Adam Parvipontanus? ਀㸀 匀攀爀愀昀椀渀愀ഊ ਀吀栀攀爀攀✀猀 愀 昀甀氀氀 琀椀琀氀攀ഊ The Oratio de Utensilibus ad Domum Regendam Pertinentibus by Adam of ਀䈀愀氀猀栀愀洀ഊAuthor(s): ਀ऀ倀愀琀爀椀稀椀愀 䰀攀渀搀椀渀愀爀愀 ⠀⼀䰀攀渀搀椀渀愀爀愀Ⰰ 倀愀琀爀椀稀椀愀⼀ഊSeries Volume: ਀ऀ倀攀爀椀漀搀椀挀愀氀㨀 ऀഊ Anglo-Norman Studies 15 ਀倀愀最攀猀㨀 ऀ㄀㘀㄀ⴀ㄀㜀㘀ഊPublication Date: 1992 ਀ഊJohnnae ਀ഊ ਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 ∀眀椀氀氀漀眀搀攀眀椀猀瀀 愀琀 樀甀渀漀⸀挀漀洀∀ 㰀眀椀氀氀漀眀搀攀眀椀猀瀀 愀琀 樀甀渀漀⸀挀漀洀㸀ഊDate: June 20, 2007 3:51:49 PM CDT ਀吀漀㨀 愀渀猀琀攀漀爀爀愀 愀琀 氀椀猀琀猀⸀愀渀猀琀攀漀爀爀愀⸀漀爀最ഊSubject: [Ansteorra] persona Anglo-Saxon embroidery ਀ഊEarly period people did a lot of embroidery especially the Anglo Saxons. I read somewhere that the Normans really showed off the tunics they got from England and many of them desired Anglo-Saxon wives because of their skills with the needle. ਀ഊThis site give lots of info on embroidery, patterns and stitches. ਀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀渀攀攀搀氀攀瀀爀愀礀猀攀⸀眀攀戀挀漀渀⸀渀攀琀⸀愀甀⼀爀攀猀攀愀爀挀栀⼀愀渀最氀漀开猀愀砀漀渀开栀愀渀搀漀甀琀⸀栀琀洀氀ഊ ਀眀椀氀氀漀眀ഊ ਀㰀琀栀攀 攀渀搀㸀ഊEdited by Mark S. Harris Normans-msg Page 13 of 13 ਀ഊ