p-Engsh-coins-lst - 6/18/99

A list of period English coins by Kestrel of Wales (Bryan S. McDaniel).

NOTE: See also the files: coins-msg, commerce-msg, measures-msg, measures-art, 
mining-msg, p-lawyers-msg, p-prices-msg.

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    Mark S. Harris                  AKA:  THLord Stefan li Rous
                                          Stefan at florilegium.org
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Subject: Period English coins - long
Date: Tue, 1 Jun 1999 21:27:55 -0400
From: "Bryan S. McDaniel" <kestrel at hawk.org>
To: sca-middle at midrealm.org, atlantia at atlantia.sca.org


Period English coins

See the bottom for conversions

all are silver pennies unless otherwise stated
(penny - latin denarius - hence the 'd' for pence)

Anglo Saxon
Early Period
c. ad 575 - 775
prior coins were roman coins and imitations of roman coins

gold solidus
gold thrymsa
silver sceat

Area
ruler/person on coins
     coinage

Kings of Northumbria

Ecgfrith                   670 -  685
     sceat
Aldfrith                   685 -  704
     sceat
Eadberht                   737 -  758
     sceat
Aethelwald Moll (see Archbishop Ecgberht)
Alcred                     765 -  774
     sceat
Aethelred I, first reign   774 -  779
     sceat
Aelfwald I                 779 -  788
     sceat
Aethelred I, second reign  789 -  796
     sceat
  **** sometime after this reign the sceat changes
         from silver to copper
Eanred                     810 -  841
      sceat
Aethelred II, first reign  841 -  844
      sceat
Redwulf                    844
      sceat
Aethelred II, second reign 844 -  849
      sceat
Osberht                    849 -  867
      sceat

Archbishops of York

Ecgberht                   732 or 734 -   766
       sceat
Eanbald II                 796 - c. 830
       sceat
Wigmund                    837 -  854
        gold solidus
        sceat (silver/copper ?)
Wufhere                    854 -  900
        sceat


Kings of Kent

Heabert                    c. 765
     The first English silver penny
Ecgberht                   c. 780
Eadberht Praen             796 -   798
cuthred                    798 -   807
Anonymous                  c. 822 -   823
Baldred                    c. 823 -   825

Archbiships of Canterbury

Jaenberht                  765 -   792
Aethelheard                (el. 792, cons. 793, d. 805)
Wulfred                    805 -   832
Ceolnoth                   833 -   870
Aethered                   870 -   889
Plegmund                   890 -   914

Kings of Mercia

Offa                       757 -   796
     silver penny
     gold penny
Cynethryth (wife of Offa)
Eadberht
Coenwulf                   796 -   821
Ceowulf I                  821 -   823
Beornwulf                  823 -   825
Ludica                     825 -   827
Wiglaf                     827 -   829, 830 -   840
Berhtwulf                  840 -   852
Burgred                    852 -   874
Ceolwulf II                874 - c. 880

Kings of East Anglia

Beonna                     c. 760
Aethelberht                       d. 794
Eawald                     c. 798
Aethelstan I               c. 825 - c. 840
Aethelweard                c. 840 - c. 855
Edmund                     855 -   870

Viking coinages

Danish East Anglia         c. 885 -   915

Aethelstan II              878 -      890
Oswald
Aethelred I
St. Edmund (Memorial coinage)
     penny
     half penny
St Martin of Lincoln
Alfred (viking imitations)
     penny
     half penny

Danish Northumbria          898 -     915

Alfred (viking imitations)
     penny
     half penny
Alfred/Plegmund
Plegmund (Danish copy of Edmund 855 - 870)
Earl Sihtric

Viking coinage of York ?

Siefred
    penny
    half penny
Cnut
    penny
    half penny
Cnut and/or Siefred
St Peter coinage
Regnald

English coins of the Hiberno-Norse Vikings

Early period               c. 919 -  925

Sihtric
St. Peter coinage

Later period               939 -    954

Anlaf Gutthfrithsson       939 -    941
Anlaf Sihtricsson          941 -    944
Regnald Guthfrithsson      943 -    944
Sihtric Sihtricsson        c. 942
Eric, first reign          948
Anlaf Sihtricsson, second reign 948-952
Eric, second reign         952 -    954

Kings of Wessex (later, Kings of all England)

Beorhtric                  786 -   802
Ecgberht                   802 -   839
Aethelwulf                 839 -   858
Aethelberht                858 -   865/6
Aethelred I                858/6 - 871
Alfred the Great           871 -   899
      penny
      half penny
Edward the Elder           899 -   924
      penny
      half penny
Aethelstan                 924 -   939
Eadmund                    939 -   946
      penny
      half penny
Eadred                     946 -   955
      penny
      half penny
Howel Dda                         d. 949/950 (King of Wales)
Eadwig                     955 -   959
      penny
      half penny
Eadgar                     959 -   975
      penny
      half penny
Edward the Martyr          975 -   978
Aethelred II               978 -  1016
      silver penny
      gold penny
Cnut                      1016 - 1035
Harold I                  1035 - 1040
Harthacnut                1035 - 1042
Edward the confessor      1042 - 1066
      silver penny
      gold penny
Harold II                 1066

Norman kings and their successors
>from William I to Edward II all are silver pennies unless
stated otherwise

William I                 1066 - 1087
William II                1087 - 1100
Henry I                   1100 - 1135
Stephen                   1135 - 1154
Henry II                  1154 - 1189
Richard I                 1189 - 1199
John                      1199 -1216
Henry III                 1216 - 1272
        silver penny
        gold 20 pence - introduced in 1257
Edward I                  1272 - 1307
        silver penny
        silver Groat ( =4d, introduced 1279)
        silver half penny
        silver farthing
*****No groats were issued in the years c. 1282 - 1351
Edward II                  1307 - 1327
        silver penny
        silver half penny
        silver farthing
Edward III                 1327 - 1377
        gold coinage reintroduced in 1344
        groat reintroduced in 1351
        half groat introduced in 1351
        gold florin ( = 6s)
        gold half florin (or Leopard)
        gold quarter florin (or helm)
        gold noble ( = 6s 8d)
        gold quarter noble
        gold half noble
        silver groat
        silver halfgroat
        silver penny
        silver half penny
        silver farthing
Richard II                 1377 - 1399
        gold noble
        gold half noble
        gold quarter noble
        silver groat
        silver halfgroat
        silver penny
        silver half penny
        silver farthing
Henry IV                   1399 - 1413
        gold noble
        gold half noble
        gold quarter noble
        silver groat
        silver halfgroat
        silver penny
        silver half penny
        silver farthing
Henry V                    1413 - 1422
        gold noble
        gold half noble
        gold quarter noble
        silver groat
        silver halfgroat
        silver penny
        silver half penny
        silver farthing
Henry VI                   1422 - 1461
        gold noble
        gold half noble
        gold quarter noble
        silver groat
        silver halfgroat
        silver penny
        silver half penny
        silver farthing
Edward IV, first reign     1461 - 1470
        Gold noble        (= 6s 8d from 1461 - 1464)
        gold quarter noble
        Gold Noble        (= 8s 4d from 1464 - 1470)
        gold ryal (rose noble) (= 10s) (1464 - 1470)
        gold half ryal                 (1464 - 1470)
        gold quarter ryal              (1464 - 1470)
        gold angel (=6s 8d)
        silver groat
        silver half groat
        silver penny
        silver half penny
        silver farthing
Henry VI      restored Oct 1470 - Apr 1471
        Ryal discontinued
        gold angel
        gold half angel
        silver groat
        silver halfgroat
        silver penny
        silver halfpenny
Edward IV, second reign    1471 - 1483
        gold angel
        gold half angel
        silver groat
        silver halfgroat
        silver penny
        silver halfpenny
Edward V                   1483
        gold angel
        gold halfangel
        silver groat
        silver halfgroat
        silver penny
Richard III                1483 - 1485
        gold angel
        gold halfangel
        silver groat
        silver halfgroat
        silver penny
        silver halfpenny
Henry VII                  1485 - 1509
        the gold sovereign and the testoon or shillings make their
            first appearance
        gold sovereign (= 20s)
        gold double sovereign (=40s) (very rare)
        gold treble sovereign (=60s) (very rare)
        gold ryal (=10s)
        gold angel (=6s 8d)
        gold halfangel or angelet
        silver groat
        silver halfgroat
        silver penny
        silver halfpenny
        silver farthing
        silver testoon (=1s)

Henry VIII                 1509 - 1547
        gold soveriegn (= 20s)              (1509 - 1526)
        gold angel (= 6s 8d)                (1509 - 1526)
        gold half angel                     (1509 - 1526)
        gold sovereign (=22s 6d)            (1526 - 1544)
        gold angel (= 7s 6d)                (1526 - 1544)
        gold half angel                     (1526 - 1544)
        gold george noble (=6s 8d)          (1526 - 1544)
        gold half george noble              (1526 - 1544)
        gold crown of the rose (=4s 6d)     (1526 - 1544)
        gold crown of the double rose (=5s) (1526 - 1544)
        gold halfcrown                      (1526 - 1544)
        gold sovereign (= 20s)              (1544 - 1547)
        gold half sovereign                 (1544 - 1547)
        gold angel                          (1544 - 1547)
        gold half angel                     (1544 - 1547)
        gold quarter angel                  (1544 - 1547)
        gold crown                          (1544 - 1547)
        gold halfcrown                      (1544 - 1547)
        silver groat
        silver halfgroat
        silver penny
        silver halfpenny
        silver farthing
        silver testoon
Edward VI                   1547 - 1553
        gold halfsovereign
        gold crown
        gold halfcrown
        gold sovereign (= 20s)
        gold "fine" soverign (= 30s)
        gold double soverign (=40s)
        gold angel (= 10s)
        gold half angel (=5s)
        silver shilling
        silver groat
        silver halfgroat
        silver penny
        silver halfpenny
        silver farthing
        silver crown             (1550 - 1553)
        silver halfcrown         (1550 - 1553)
        silver sixpence          (1550 - 1553)
        silver threepence        (1550 - 1553)
Mary                       1553 - 1554
        gold "fine" sovereign (= 30s)
        gold ryal (=15s)
        gold angel (=10s)
        gold halfangel (=5s)
        silver groat
        silver halfgroat
        silver penny
Philip and Mary            1554 - 1558
        gold angel
        gold halfangel
        silver shilling
        silver sixpence
        silver groat
        silver halfgroat
        silver penny
        base penny
Elizabeth I                1558 - 1603
        gold "fine" sovereign or double noble (=30s)
        gold ryal or nobel (= 15s)
        gold angel
        gold halfangel
        gold quarter angel
        gold pound (=20s)
        gold half pound
        gold crown
        gold halfcrown
        silver crown
        silver halfcrown
        silver shilling
        silver sixpence
        silver groat
        silver threepence
        silver halfgroat
        silver threehalfpence (=1.5d)
        silver penny
        silver threefarthings (=0.75d)
        silver halfpenny

********************************
Conversions for coins

4 farthings  = 1 penny
12 pence     = 1 shilling (or testoon)
4 pence      = 1 groat
2 shillings  = 1 florin
5 shillings  = 1 crown
20 shillings = 1 pound sterling (or sovereign)
21 shillings = 1 guinea

*************
Different coins issued in 'England' in period of 600 AD - 1600 AD
Due to devaluations, changes in composition, changes in ratio
and other matters the actual values of some coins changed
>from year to year.  Prior reigns issues sometimes had their
money devalued and turned in.

        base penny
        gold "fine" sovereign or double noble (=30s)
        gold 20 pence - introduced in 1257
        gold angel (=6s 8d)                 (1509 - 1526)
        gold angel (=7s 6d)                 (1526 - 1544)
        gold angel (=10s)
        gold crown
        gold crown of the double rose (=5s) (1526 - 1544)
        gold crown of the rose (=4s 6d)     (1526 - 1544)
        gold double soverign (=40s)
        gold florin ( = 6s)
        gold george noble (=6s 8d)          (1526 - 1544)
        gold half angel (=5s)
        gold half florin (or Leopard) (=3s)
        gold half george noble (=3s 4d)     (1526 - 1544)
        gold half noble
        gold half pound
        gold half ryal                      (1464 - 1470)
        gold half sovereign                 (1544 - 1547)
        gold half angel or angelet (=5s)
        gold half sovereign
        gold noble        (= 6s 8d from 1461 - 1464)
        gold noble        (= 8s 4d from 1464 - 1470)
        gold penny
        gold pound (=20s)
        gold quarter florin (or helm)
        gold quarter ryal              (1464 - 1470)
        gold ryal (=10s)
        gold ryal (=15s)
        gold ryal (rose noble) (= 10s) (1464 - 1470)
        gold ryal or nobel (= 15s)
        gold sovereign (= 20s)              (1544 - 1547)
        gold sovereign (=22s 6d)            (1526 - 1544)
        gold soveriegn (= 20s)              (1509 - 1526)
        gold treble sovereign (=60s) (very rare)
        silver crown
        silver farthing
        silver Groat ( =4d, introduced 1279)
        silver half groat
        silver half penny
        silver half crown
        silver penny
        silver shilling
        silver sixpence
        silver testoon (=1s)
        silver threefarthings (=0.75d)
        silver threehalfpence (=1.5d)
        silver threepence
***********

Sources
-------
Standard Catalogue of British Coins, 1969, Seaby

Catalogue of the World's most popular coins. 12th edition,
by Fred Reinfield and Buton Hobson


Bryan S. McDaniel      SCA aka Kestrel of Wales
http://kestrelw.webjump.com

<the end>
Edited by Mark S. Harris	p-Engsh-coins-lst	10