Valentnes-Day-art - 9/20/08
਀ഊHistory of and celebration of St. Valentines Day in the Middle Ages.
਀ഊNOTE: See also the files: holidays-msg, saints-msg, Holiday-Celeb-lnks, Spring-Celeb-lnks, Love-in-th-MA-art.
਀ഊ************************************************************************
਀一伀吀䤀䌀䔀 ⴀഊ
਀吀栀椀猀 昀椀氀攀 椀猀 愀 挀漀氀氀攀挀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 瘀愀爀椀漀甀猀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀 栀愀瘀椀渀最 愀 挀漀洀洀漀渀 琀栀攀洀攀 琀栀愀琀 䤀 栀愀瘀攀 挀漀氀氀攀挀琀攀搀 昀爀漀洀 洀礀 爀攀愀搀椀渀最 漀昀 琀栀攀 瘀愀爀椀漀甀猀 挀漀洀瀀甀琀攀爀 渀攀琀眀漀爀欀猀⸀ 匀漀洀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀 搀愀琀攀 戀愀挀欀 琀漀 ㄀㤀㠀㤀Ⰰ 猀漀洀攀 洀愀礀 戀攀 愀猀 爀攀挀攀渀琀 愀猀 礀攀猀琀攀爀搀愀礀⸀ഊ
਀吀栀椀猀 昀椀氀攀 椀猀 瀀愀爀琀 漀昀 愀 挀漀氀氀攀挀琀椀漀渀 漀昀 昀椀氀攀猀 挀愀氀氀攀搀 匀琀攀昀愀渀✀猀 䘀氀漀爀椀氀攀最椀甀洀⸀ 吀栀攀猀攀 昀椀氀攀猀 愀爀攀 愀瘀愀椀氀愀戀氀攀 漀渀 琀栀攀 䤀渀琀攀爀渀攀琀 愀琀㨀 栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀昀氀漀爀椀氀攀最椀甀洀⸀漀爀最ഊ
਀䤀 栀愀瘀攀 搀漀渀攀 愀 氀椀洀椀琀攀搀 愀洀漀甀渀琀 漀昀 攀搀椀琀椀渀最⸀ 䴀攀猀猀愀最攀猀 栀愀瘀椀渀最 琀漀 搀漀 眀椀琀栀 猀攀瀀愀爀愀琀攀 琀漀瀀椀挀猀 眀攀爀攀 猀漀洀攀琀椀洀攀猀 猀瀀氀椀琀 椀渀琀漀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀 昀椀氀攀猀 愀渀搀 猀漀洀攀琀椀洀攀猀 攀砀琀爀愀渀攀漀甀猀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 眀愀猀 爀攀洀漀瘀攀搀⸀ 䘀漀爀 椀渀猀琀愀渀挀攀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀 䤀䐀猀 眀攀爀攀 爀攀洀漀瘀攀搀 琀漀 猀愀瘀攀 猀瀀愀挀攀 愀渀搀 爀攀洀漀瘀攀 挀氀甀琀琀攀爀⸀ഊ
਀吀栀攀 挀漀洀洀攀渀琀猀 洀愀搀攀 椀渀 琀栀攀猀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀 愀爀攀 渀漀琀 渀攀挀攀猀猀愀爀椀氀礀 洀礀 瘀椀攀眀瀀漀椀渀琀猀⸀ 䤀 洀愀欀攀 渀漀 挀氀愀椀洀猀 愀猀 琀漀 琀栀攀 愀挀挀甀爀愀挀礀 漀昀 琀栀攀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 最椀瘀攀渀 戀礀 琀栀攀 椀渀搀椀瘀椀搀甀愀氀 愀甀琀栀漀爀猀⸀ഊ
਀倀氀攀愀猀攀 爀攀猀瀀攀挀琀 琀栀攀 琀椀洀攀 愀渀搀 攀昀昀漀爀琀猀 漀昀 琀栀漀猀攀 眀栀漀 栀愀瘀攀 眀爀椀琀琀攀渀 琀栀攀猀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀⸀ 吀栀攀 挀漀瀀礀爀椀最栀琀 猀琀愀琀甀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀猀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀 椀猀 甀渀挀氀攀愀爀 愀琀 琀栀椀猀 琀椀洀攀⸀ 䤀昀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀 椀猀 瀀甀戀氀椀猀栀攀搀 昀爀漀洀 琀栀攀猀攀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀Ⰰ 瀀氀攀愀猀攀 最椀瘀攀 挀爀攀搀椀琀 琀漀 琀栀攀 漀爀椀最椀渀愀琀漀爀⠀猀⤀⸀ഊ
਀吀栀愀渀欀 礀漀甀Ⰰഊ    Mark S. Harris                  AKA:  THLord Stefan li Rous
਀                                          匀琀攀昀愀渀 愀琀 昀氀漀爀椀氀攀最椀甀洀⸀漀爀最ഊ************************************************************************
਀ഊFrom: dickeney at access2.digex.net (Dick Eney)
਀一攀眀猀最爀漀甀瀀猀㨀 爀攀挀⸀漀爀最⸀猀挀愀ഊSubject: Valentine's Day
਀䐀愀琀攀㨀 㔀 䘀攀戀 ㄀㤀㤀㜀 ㈀㄀㨀㔀㜀㨀㄀　 ⴀ　㔀　　ഊOrganization: Express Access Online Communications, Greenbelt, MD USA
਀ഊValentine's Day is mentioned in Chaucer (1381) with respect to "byrds"
਀挀栀漀漀猀椀渀最 琀栀攀椀爀 洀愀琀攀猀 ⠀戀礀爀搀猀 戀攀椀渀最 愀 猀礀渀漀渀礀洀 攀瘀攀渀 琀栀攀渀 昀漀爀 礀漀甀渀最 眀漀洀攀渀⤀⸀ഊLydgate's _Min. (Minnesinger?) Poems_ lists one in 1430 "A balade made ..
਀椀渀 眀礀猀攀 漀昀 挀栀攀猀椀渀最 氀漀瘀攀猀 愀琀 匀愀椀渀琀 嘀愀氀攀渀琀礀渀攀✀猀 䐀愀礀∀⸀  䰀愀琀攀爀 攀瘀椀搀攀渀挀攀 猀栀漀眀猀ഊthat one custom was to embrace the first person of the opposite sex that
਀礀漀甀 洀攀琀 琀栀愀琀 搀愀礀 愀猀 礀漀甀爀 瘀愀氀攀渀琀椀渀攀⸀  夀漀甀渀最 瀀攀漀瀀氀攀 眀漀甀氀搀 洀攀攀琀 琀栀攀 渀椀最栀琀ഊbefore, on Valentine's Eve, to draw lots to see who would be their
਀瘀愀氀攀渀琀椀渀攀 琀栀攀 渀攀砀琀 搀愀礀⸀  吀栀攀猀攀 琀眀漀 挀甀猀琀漀洀猀 瀀攀爀猀椀猀琀攀搀 愀琀 氀攀愀猀琀 琀栀爀漀甀最栀ഊ1729.
਀ഊSo a poem written to your Valentine would be quite appropriately medieval.
਀ഊ=Tamar the Gypsy (sharing account dickeney at access.digex.net)
਀ഊ
਀䘀爀漀洀㨀 䠀椀氀氀愀爀礀 䜀爀攀攀渀猀氀愀搀攀 㰀栀椀氀氀愀爀礀爀最 愀琀 礀愀栀漀漀⸀挀漀洀㸀ഊDate: February 14, 2006 6:53:11 PM CST
਀吀漀㨀 愀渀猀琀攀漀爀爀愀 㰀愀渀猀琀攀漀爀爀愀 愀琀 愀渀猀琀攀漀爀爀愀⸀漀爀最㸀ഊSubject: [Ansteorra] Happy St. Valentines Day
਀ഊGreetings on this St. Valentines Day, 
਀䤀昀 礀漀甀 眀愀渀琀 琀漀 爀攀挀攀椀瘀攀 愀 搀愀椀氀礀 瀀漀猀琀椀渀最 漀昀 琀栀攀 䴀攀搀椀攀瘀愀氀 匀愀椀渀琀猀 搀愀礀猀Ⰰ 琀栀攀渀 挀漀渀猀椀搀攀爀 猀甀戀猀挀爀椀戀椀渀最 琀漀 琀栀攀 礀愀栀漀漀 最爀漀甀瀀 昀漀爀 ✀䴀攀搀椀攀瘀愀氀 匀愀椀渀琀猀✀⸀  匀甀戀猀挀爀椀戀攀爀猀 挀愀渀渀漀琀 瀀漀猀琀 琀漀 琀栀攀 最爀漀甀瀀Ⰰ 漀渀氀礀 爀攀挀攀椀瘀攀 愀 搀愀椀氀礀 ✀猀愀椀渀琀✀ 氀椀猀琀椀渀最⸀   ഊ
਀吀漀搀愀礀✀猀 匀愀椀渀琀 嘀愀氀攀渀琀椀渀攀 椀渀昀漀爀洀愀琀椀漀渀㨀 ഊEnjoy, Hillary
਀ⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀഊSt. Valentine, bishop of Interamna (Terni)
਀䄀氀猀漀 欀渀漀眀渀 愀猀 嘀愀氀攀渀琀椀渀攀 漀昀 吀攀爀渀椀㬀 瀀爀漀戀愀戀氀礀 琀栀攀 猀愀洀攀 愀猀 嘀愀氀攀渀琀椀渀攀 漀昀 刀漀洀攀ഊBeaten and beheaded c.269 at Rome; buried on the Flaminian Way;
਀爀攀氀椀挀猀 氀愀琀攀爀 琀爀愀渀猀氀愀琀攀搀 琀漀 琀栀攀 䌀栀甀爀挀栀 漀昀 匀愀椀渀琀 倀爀愀砀攀搀攀猀ഊCommemorated February 14 (removed from the calendar)
਀ഊPatronage: affianced couples, against fainting, bee keepers,
਀戀攀琀爀漀琀栀攀搀 挀漀甀瀀氀攀猀Ⰰ 攀渀最愀最攀搀 挀漀甀瀀氀攀猀Ⰰ 攀瀀椀氀攀瀀猀礀Ⰰ 昀愀椀渀琀椀渀最Ⰰ 最爀攀攀琀椀渀最ഊcard manufacturers, greetings, happy marriages, love, lovers,
਀瀀氀愀最甀攀Ⰰ 琀爀愀瘀攀氀攀爀猀Ⰰ 礀漀甀渀最 瀀攀漀瀀氀攀ഊ
਀䤀渀 愀爀琀Ⰰ 栀攀 椀猀 猀栀漀眀渀 愀猀 愀 戀椀猀栀漀瀀 眀椀琀栀 愀 挀爀椀瀀瀀氀攀搀 漀爀 攀瀀椀氀攀瀀琀椀挀 挀栀椀氀搀ഊat his feet; bishop with a rooster nearby; bishop refusing to adore
਀愀渀 椀搀漀氀㬀 戀椀猀栀漀瀀 戀攀椀渀最 戀攀栀攀愀搀攀搀㬀 瀀爀椀攀猀琀 戀攀愀爀椀渀最 愀 猀眀漀爀搀㬀 瀀爀椀攀猀琀ഊholding a sun; priest giving sight to a blind girl; birds; roses;
਀ഊSt. Valentine
਀栀琀琀瀀㨀⼀⼀眀眀眀⸀渀攀眀愀搀瘀攀渀琀⸀漀爀最⼀挀愀琀栀攀渀⼀㄀㔀㈀㔀㐀愀⸀栀琀洀ഊ
਀䄀琀 氀攀愀猀琀 琀栀爀攀攀 搀椀昀昀攀爀攀渀琀 匀愀椀渀琀 嘀愀氀攀渀琀椀渀攀猀Ⰰ 愀氀氀 漀昀 琀栀攀洀 洀愀爀琀礀爀猀Ⰰ 愀爀攀ഊmentioned in the early martyrologies under date of 14 February. One
਀椀猀 搀攀猀挀爀椀戀攀搀 愀猀 愀 瀀爀椀攀猀琀 愀琀 刀漀洀攀Ⰰ 愀渀漀琀栀攀爀 愀猀 戀椀猀栀漀瀀 漀昀 䤀渀琀攀爀愀洀渀愀ഊ(modern Terni), and these two seem both to have suffered in the
਀猀攀挀漀渀搀 栀愀氀昀 漀昀 琀栀攀 琀栀椀爀搀 挀攀渀琀甀爀礀 愀渀搀 琀漀 栀愀瘀攀 戀攀攀渀 戀甀爀椀攀搀 漀渀 琀栀攀ഊFlaminian Way, but at different distances from the city. In William
਀漀昀 䴀愀氀洀攀猀戀甀爀礀✀猀 琀椀洀攀 眀栀愀琀 眀愀猀 欀渀漀眀渀 琀漀 琀栀攀 愀渀挀椀攀渀琀猀 愀猀 琀栀攀 䘀氀愀洀椀渀椀愀渀ഊGate of Rome and is now the Porta del Popolo, was called the Gate of
਀匀琀⸀ 嘀愀氀攀渀琀椀渀攀⸀ 吀栀攀 渀愀洀攀 猀攀攀洀猀 琀漀 栀愀瘀攀 戀攀攀渀 琀愀欀攀渀 昀爀漀洀 愀 猀洀愀氀氀 挀栀甀爀挀栀ഊdedicated to the saint which was in the immediate neighborhood. Of
਀戀漀琀栀 琀栀攀猀攀 匀琀⸀ 嘀愀氀攀渀琀椀渀攀猀 猀漀洀攀 猀漀爀琀 漀昀 䄀挀琀愀 愀爀攀 瀀爀攀猀攀爀瘀攀搀 戀甀琀 琀栀攀礀ഊare of relatively late date and of no historical value. Of the third
਀匀愀椀渀琀 嘀愀氀攀渀琀椀渀攀Ⰰ 眀栀漀 猀甀昀昀攀爀攀搀 椀渀 䄀昀爀椀挀愀 眀椀琀栀 愀 渀甀洀戀攀爀 漀昀 挀漀洀瀀愀渀椀漀渀猀Ⰰഊnothing further is known.
਀ഊSaint Valentine's Day
਀ഊThe popular customs associated with Saint Valentine's Day
਀甀渀搀漀甀戀琀攀搀氀礀 栀愀搀 琀栀攀椀爀 漀爀椀最椀渀 椀渀 愀 挀漀渀瘀攀渀琀椀漀渀愀氀 戀攀氀椀攀昀 最攀渀攀爀愀氀氀礀ഊreceived in England and France during the Middle Ages, that on 14
਀䘀攀戀爀甀愀爀礀Ⰰ 椀⸀攀⸀ 栀愀氀昀 眀愀礀 琀栀爀漀甀最栀 琀栀攀 猀攀挀漀渀搀 洀漀渀琀栀 漀昀 琀栀攀 礀攀愀爀Ⰰ 琀栀攀ഊbirds began to pair. Thus in Chaucer's Parliament of Foules we read:
਀ഊFor this was sent on Seynt Valentyne's day
਀圀栀愀渀 攀瘀攀爀礀 昀漀甀氀 挀漀洀攀琀栀 琀栀攀爀 琀漀 挀栀漀漀猀攀 栀椀猀 洀愀琀攀⸀ഊ
਀䘀漀爀 琀栀椀猀 爀攀愀猀漀渀 琀栀攀 搀愀礀 眀愀猀 氀漀漀欀攀搀 甀瀀漀渀 愀猀 猀瀀攀挀椀愀氀氀礀 挀漀渀猀攀挀爀愀琀攀搀 琀漀ഊlovers and as a proper occasion for writing love letters and sending
਀氀漀瘀攀爀猀✀ 琀漀欀攀渀猀⸀ 䈀漀琀栀 琀栀攀 䘀爀攀渀挀栀 愀渀搀 䔀渀最氀椀猀栀 氀椀琀攀爀愀琀甀爀攀猀 漀昀 琀栀攀ഊfourteenth and fifteenth centuries contain allusions to the
਀瀀爀愀挀琀椀挀攀⸀ 倀攀爀栀愀瀀猀 琀栀攀 攀愀爀氀椀攀猀琀 琀漀 戀攀 昀漀甀渀搀 椀猀 椀渀 琀栀攀 ㌀㐀琀栀 愀渀搀 ㌀㔀琀栀ഊBallades of the bilingual poet, John Gower, written in French; but
਀䰀礀搀最愀琀攀 愀渀搀 䌀氀愀甀瘀漀眀攀 猀甀瀀瀀氀礀 漀琀栀攀爀 攀砀愀洀瀀氀攀猀⸀ 吀栀漀猀攀 眀栀漀 挀栀漀猀攀 攀愀挀栀ഊother under these circumstances seem to have been called by each
਀漀琀栀攀爀 琀栀攀椀爀 嘀愀氀攀渀琀椀渀攀猀⸀ 䤀渀 琀栀攀 倀愀猀琀漀渀 䰀攀琀琀攀爀猀Ⰰ 䐀愀洀攀 䔀氀椀稀愀戀攀琀栀 䈀爀攀眀猀ഊwrites thus about a match she hopes to make for her daughter (we
਀洀漀搀攀爀渀椀稀攀 琀栀攀 猀瀀攀氀氀椀渀最⤀Ⰰ 愀搀搀爀攀猀猀椀渀最 琀栀攀 昀愀瘀漀甀爀攀搀 猀甀椀琀漀爀㨀ഊ
਀∀䄀渀搀Ⰰ 挀漀甀猀椀渀 洀椀渀攀Ⰰ 甀瀀漀渀 䴀漀渀搀愀礀 椀猀 匀愀椀渀琀 嘀愀氀攀渀琀椀渀攀✀猀 䐀愀礀 愀渀搀 攀瘀攀爀礀ഊbird chooses himself a mate, and if it like you to come on Thursday
਀渀椀最栀琀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 洀愀欀攀 瀀爀漀瘀椀猀椀漀渀 琀栀愀琀 礀漀甀 洀愀礀 愀戀椀搀攀 琀椀氀氀 琀栀攀渀Ⰰ 䤀 琀爀甀猀琀 琀漀ഊGod that ye shall speak to my husband and I shall pray that we may
਀戀爀椀渀最 琀栀攀 洀愀琀琀攀爀 琀漀 愀 挀漀渀挀氀甀猀椀漀渀⸀∀ഊ
਀匀栀漀爀琀氀礀 愀昀琀攀爀 琀栀攀 礀漀甀渀最 氀愀搀礀 栀攀爀猀攀氀昀 眀爀漀琀攀 愀 氀攀琀琀攀爀 琀漀 琀栀攀 猀愀洀攀 洀愀渀ഊaddressing it "Unto my rightwell beloved Valentine, John Paston
਀䔀猀焀甀椀爀攀∀⸀ഊ
਀ⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀഊ
਀吀栀攀 伀爀椀最椀渀猀 漀昀 匀琀⸀ 嘀愀氀攀渀琀椀渀攀✀猀 䐀愀礀ഊhttp://www.americancatholic.org/Features/ValentinesDay/
਀ഊThe Catholic Church no longer officially honors St. Valentine, but
਀琀栀攀 栀漀氀椀搀愀礀 栀愀猀 戀漀琀栀 刀漀洀愀渀 愀渀搀 䌀愀琀栀漀氀椀挀 爀漀漀琀猀⸀ഊ
਀吀栀攀 爀漀漀琀猀 漀昀 匀琀⸀ 嘀愀氀攀渀琀椀渀攀✀猀 䐀愀礀 氀椀攀 椀渀 琀栀攀 愀渀挀椀攀渀琀 刀漀洀愀渀 昀攀猀琀椀瘀愀氀ഊof Lupercalia, which was celebrated on Feb. 15. For 800 years the
਀刀漀洀愀渀猀 栀愀搀 搀攀搀椀挀愀琀攀搀 琀栀椀猀 搀愀礀 琀漀 琀栀攀 最漀搀 䰀甀瀀攀爀挀甀猀⸀ 伀渀 䰀甀瀀攀爀挀愀氀椀愀Ⰰ 愀ഊyoung man would draw the name of a young woman in a lottery and
਀眀漀甀氀搀 琀栀攀渀 欀攀攀瀀 琀栀攀 眀漀洀愀渀 愀猀 愀 猀攀砀甀愀氀 挀漀洀瀀愀渀椀漀渀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 礀攀愀爀⸀ഊ
਀倀漀瀀攀 䜀攀氀愀猀椀甀猀 䤀 眀愀猀Ⰰ 甀渀搀攀爀猀琀愀渀搀愀戀氀礀Ⰰ 氀攀猀猀 琀栀愀渀 琀栀爀椀氀氀攀搀 眀椀琀栀 琀栀椀猀ഊcustom. So he changed the lottery to have both young men and women
਀搀爀愀眀 琀栀攀 渀愀洀攀猀 漀昀 猀愀椀渀琀猀 眀栀漀洀 琀栀攀礀 眀漀甀氀搀 琀栀攀渀 攀洀甀氀愀琀攀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀 礀攀愀爀ഊ(a change that no doubt disappointed a few young men). Instead of
਀䰀甀瀀攀爀挀甀猀Ⰰ 琀栀攀 瀀愀琀爀漀渀 漀昀 琀栀攀 昀攀愀猀琀 戀攀挀愀洀攀 嘀愀氀攀渀琀椀渀攀⸀ 䘀漀爀 刀漀洀愀渀 洀攀渀Ⰰഊthe day continued to be an occasion to seek the affections of women,
਀愀渀搀 椀琀 戀攀挀愀洀攀 愀 琀爀愀搀椀琀椀漀渀 琀漀 最椀瘀攀 漀甀琀 栀愀渀搀眀爀椀琀琀攀渀 洀攀猀猀愀最攀猀 漀昀ഊadmiration that included Valentine's name.
਀ഊThere was also a conventional belief in Europe during the Middle
਀䄀最攀猀 琀栀愀琀 戀椀爀搀猀 挀栀漀猀攀 琀栀攀椀爀 瀀愀爀琀渀攀爀猀 椀渀 琀栀攀 洀椀搀搀氀攀 漀昀 䘀攀戀爀甀愀爀礀⸀ 吀栀甀猀ഊthe day was dedicated to love, and people observed it by writing
਀氀漀瘀攀 氀攀琀琀攀爀猀 愀渀搀 猀攀渀搀椀渀最 猀洀愀氀氀 最椀昀琀猀 琀漀 琀栀攀椀爀 戀攀氀漀瘀攀搀⸀ 䰀攀最攀渀搀 栀愀猀 椀琀ഊthat Charles, duke of Orleans, sent the first real Valentine card to
਀栀椀猀 眀椀昀攀 椀渀 ㄀㐀㄀㔀Ⰰ 眀栀攀渀 栀攀 眀愀猀 椀洀瀀爀椀猀漀渀攀搀 椀渀 琀栀攀 吀漀眀攀爀 漀昀 䰀漀渀搀漀渀⸀ഊ(He, however, was not beheaded, and died a half-century later of old
਀愀最攀⸀⤀ഊ
਀ⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀഊ
਀䨀攀猀甀椀琀 瘀愀氀攀渀琀椀渀攀猀Ⰰ 搀攀猀挀爀椀戀攀搀 戀礀 愀渀琀椀ⴀ瀀愀瀀椀猀琀 䄀渀最氀椀挀愀渀 䄀爀挀栀戀椀猀栀漀瀀 䨀漀栀渀ഊGee in his "Hold Fast Sermon" (1624):
਀ഊSome Jesuites . . . upon S. Valentines day, chusing some female
਀匀愀椀渀琀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀椀爀 嘀愀氀攀渀琀椀渀攀㬀 漀渀攀 琀愀欀攀猀 匀愀椀渀琀 䄀最愀琀栀愀Ⰰ 愀渀漀琀栀攀爀 匀⸀ 䌀氀愀爀攀Ⰰഊanother S. Lucie, another S. Catherine, another S. Cicely, &c. I
਀愀猀欀攀搀 琀栀攀洀 眀栀愀琀 琀栀攀礀 洀攀愀渀琀 琀漀 挀栀甀猀攀 猀甀挀栀 嘀愀氀攀渀琀椀渀攀猀⸀ 吀栀攀礀 愀渀猀眀攀爀攀搀ഊmee, that in respect of their Vow, they could have no Valentine that
਀氀椀瘀攀搀 栀攀爀攀 甀瀀漀渀 攀愀爀琀栀㨀 愀渀搀 椀渀 爀攀最愀爀搀 漀昀 琀栀攀椀爀 䄀渀最攀氀椀挀愀氀氀 氀椀昀攀Ⰰ 琀栀攀礀ഊwere to clause Valentines in heaven. I asked them, whether they
਀琀栀漀甀最栀琀 琀栀漀猀攀 匀愀椀渀琀猀 欀渀攀眀 琀栀愀琀 琀栀攀礀 栀愀搀 挀栀漀猀攀渀 琀栀攀洀 昀漀爀 琀栀攀椀爀ഊValentines. Oh yes, say they, we shall be honoured all this yeare by
਀琀栀愀琀 嘀愀氀攀渀琀椀渀攀 眀攀攀 洀愀欀攀 挀栀漀椀挀攀 漀昀昀Ⰰ 愀渀搀 猀栀攀 眀椀氀氀 椀渀琀攀爀挀攀搀攀 昀漀爀 甀猀Ⰰഊand to some of us our Valentine doth appear in visible bodily shape,
਀琀攀氀氀椀渀最 甀猀 眀栀愀琀 琀漀 搀漀攀 愀氀氀 琀栀攀 礀攀愀爀攀 愀昀琀攀爀⸀ 䜀攀攀Ⰰ 㐀㌀ⴀ㐀ഊ
਀ⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀⴀഊ
਀䴀漀爀攀 漀渀 匀琀⸀ 嘀愀氀攀渀琀椀渀攀㨀ഊhttp://www.saintpatrickdc.org/ss/0214.htm#vale
਀ഊ<the end>
਀䔀搀椀琀攀搀 戀礀 䴀愀爀欀 匀⸀ 䠀愀爀爀椀猀ऀ嘀愀氀攀渀琀渀攀猀ⴀ䐀愀礀ⴀ洀猀最ऀ倀愀最攀 㐀 漀昀 㐀ഊ
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